• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1445-1453
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• 2023

In 2022, the domestic production performance of functional cosmetics in South Korea reached 4.6 trillion won, accounting for 33.85% of the total cosmetics production. The number of functional cosmetics reviewed increased by about 7.5% from the previous year, totaling 974 items. Especially with the increasing importance of the skin barrier function due to skin sensitivity caused by various environmental pollutants, domestic cosmetic companies are showing interest in the development of new ingredients and products related to this area. This study aims to analyze academic research trends related to in vitro experiments for the development of cosmetics improving the skin barrier, to provide practical information for the cosmetic industry. The findings are as follows: Academic research mainly focused on the efficacy of natural ingredients in improving the skin barrier, but there is a significant lack of quantitative accumulation of research. For the development of skin barrier-improving cosmetic ingredients, efficacy evaluation indicators were set, including hyaluronic acid production, expression of filaggrin gene, loricrin, formation of cornified envelope (CE), and expression of ceramide synthesis enzyme genes. Moreover, effective cosmetic ingredients for improving the skin barrier included lemongrass and perilla leaf extracts, flavonoids, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Exosomelike Nanovesicles derived from apple callus, Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus, Eleutherococcus gracilistylus, Acer okamotoanum extracts, Aloe vera adventitious root extract, ethanol extract of Aruncus dioicus, and organic solvent fraction of Dracocephalum argunense.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.673-680
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• 2024

Kombucha, a fermented beverage, is gaining popularity due to its numerous beneficial health effects. Various substrates such as herbs, fruits, flowers, and vegetables, have been used for kombucha fermentation in order to enhance the flavor, aroma, and nutritional composition. This study aims to investigate the potential suitability of cascara as a novel ingredient for kombucha production. Our findings suggested that cascara is a suitable substrate for kombucha production. Fermentation elevated the total phenolic and flavonoid content in cascara, which enhanced the antioxidant, antibacterial, and prebiotic characteristics of the product. Furthermore, the accumulation of acetic acid-induced the pH lowering reached 2.7 after 14 days of fermentation, which achieved the microbiological safety of the product. Moreover, 14 days of fermentation resulted in a balanced amalgamation of acidity, sweetness, and fragrance according to sensory evaluation. Our findings not only highlight the potential of cascara kombucha as a novel substrate for kombucha production but also contribute to repurposing coffee by-products, promoting environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural development.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.43 no.7 s.290
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• pp.393-401
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• 2006

The development of Korean glaze originated from the development of ash glazes. Ash not only has strong solubility but also can shows the glaze a variety of different colors according to what the glaze has in it as the main component. In addition, it gives a feeling of lucidness and softness. For these reasons, there are a lot of needs for ash and many potters want to take advantage of ashes as glaze. But natural ashes have not been widely used as glaze primarily because it is relatively hard to find or manufacture. Considering the difficulty of finding or manufacturing natural ashes, this study aims to formulate synthetic ash which not only is available to the potters in general but also has the sam ε characteristics as the natural ashes. To achieve this aim, this study examines the characteristics of the pine tree ash, the main component of the glaze of celadon porcelains, and the red pepper stem ash, the main component of the brown glaze, both of which have been used by the Korean traditional potters. In this study, the alkaline component of the glaze. A important ingredient when the ashes are synthesized, was supplied by mixing of $Na_2CO_3$, Chungju limestone and rice straw ash. Furthermore, the synthetic ash, when it shows no change of pH in its composition rate of 6:2:2, was found to be usable as the most stable material. In conclusion, the formula which frits some raw $materials-Na_2CO_3$, Chungju limestone and rice straw ash-can duplicate the synthetic ash which is simila to the natural ash.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.981-989
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• 2019

Coffee is a popular beverage worldwide, and the scale of consumption is growing rapidly. Many studies have shown that increased coffee consumption has various effects on human health, including beneficial effects on liver diseases, clinical type 2 diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. However, the influences of coffee or caffeine (a component of coffee) on the gut microbiota have not been examined in detail. Here, we tested whether caffeine could alter the antimicrobial activity of L. casei against E. coli. Interestingly, we found that treatment with 0.3 mg/mL caffeine increased the antimicrobial activity of L. casei against E. coli. This activity was not associated with the release of lactic acid but did appear to be related to a heat-labile factor present in the L. casei culture supernatant. Our analyses suggest that the putative antimicrobial factor found in the culture supernatant of L. casei treated with caffeine may be bacteriocin. Taken together, our results suggest that caffeine, which is an ingredient of coffee, increases the antimicrobial activity of L. casei against E. coli through the enhanced production of bacteriocin. These findings also suggest that coffee consumption affects the ability of beneficial bacteria to decrease pathogenic bacteria and/or prevent the progression of bacterial infection-associated diseases in the gut.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.431-439
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• 2014

This research verified the usefulness and practicality of citrus peel extract as a natural dye. This study dyed cotton, silk, and cotton/mulberry fiber blended fabrics using citrus peel extract, and measured the dyeability and functional property to verify their usefulness and practicality. The dyeing affinity of the citrus peel extract was measured by dyeing under alkaline conditions to determine the temperature and time for optimal dyeing conditions of the solution. The results show that a temperature and time of $60^{\circ}C$ and 30 minutes were optimal for dyeing cotton fabrics with citrus peel extract, $50^{\circ}C$ and 60 minutes for silk fabrics, and $60^{\circ}C$ and 60 minutes for cotton/mulberry fiber blended fabrics, respectively. In addition the results of measuring the color fastness of the cotton, silk, and cotton/mulberry fiber blended fabrics dyed with the citrus peel extract show that the color fastness was superior for washing, friction, sweat, and water. However, the color fastness for sunlight appeared to be slightly weak. In addition, it was found that fabric dyed with the citrus peel extract showed partial antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial property appeared the greatest in the silk fabric. The cotton/mulberry fiber blended fabrics had 90% or more Staphylococcus aureus present, but the antimicrobial properties were not high in the cotton fabric. Additionally, the heavy metal content, which is harmful to the human body, appeared to be lower than standard figures, so the dye was found to be innocuous to humans. Therefore, when the results of this study are put together, citrus peel extract is sufficiently useful and practical as an ingredient for a natural dye. Moreover, there is ample possibility to develop citrus peel dyed fabrics as environmentally friendly fashion materials.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.100-109
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• 2013

Objectives : "Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)" is a medical book of the Joseon Dynasty compiled by Heo Jun and was first published in 1613. It recorded a great deal of prescriptions which contained pork and gave detailed explanations of parts of pork's natural properties and effects. Pork is widely used as a food ingredient in the world but the traditional medicine community has a contraindication of pork and traditional herbal medicines taken together. The aim of this study was to find the supports to develop pork functional foods for the treatment of diseases in "Donguibogam". Methods : Therefore we investigated the documents recorded in "Donguibogam" about usefulness of pork which were used for not only a food ingredient but also a medicine. Results : "Donguibogam" introduced 25 parts of pork including liver, kidney, stomach, bladder, heart etc, and a variety of taking ways i.e. common usages which are internal, external, common use, and aid use which cure a variety of diseases not a simple food but a therapies food. Conclusions : We confirmed that pork has been used to treat many diseases, so we propose to develop pork functional foods available for prevention and cure of certain diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.707-710
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• 2010

Mt. Jiri, where is located in southwestern area of Korea, can be a treasury of herbal medicine plants grown wild. More than 1200 species currently classified as herbs are grown or cultivated. Recently, the studies on the safflower which attracts the interests in the inhibition of skin aging in the modern people have been actively investigated, and this study aims to confirm that polyphenol compound, the main ingredient of safflower, can be a natural material to cause the delayed effect on the skin aging, inhibiting the generation of wrinkle in the 30 to 40s middle aged females. Primarily, this study is to confirm the anti-oxidizing effect by DPPH assay in vitro, and to evaluate the efficacy of inhibition or improvement on the wrinkle generation in the face skin by clinical trials, additionally. In addition, we are confident to contribute on the improvement of functional cosmetic industry, developing the sample product of anti-aging mask pack which has the main ingredient with the extract of safflower.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2010

Anoectochilus formosanus, commonly known as "Jewel Orchids", which has been used in traditional folk medicines for feber, pain, and diseases of the lung and liver in Taiwan. We artificially cultured Anoectochilus formosanus plantlet by using the bioreactor culture system for this study from Anoectochilus formosanus. Previously, several studies have been reported on pharmacological activities of lipid-metabolism, hepatoprotective activity, anti-tumor activity and immuno-stimulating effects but other efficacy were not well known as a cosmetic ingredient for skin care. In this study, we investigated the effect of melanogenesis in B16 mouse melanoma cells and lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes about Anoectochilus formosanus plantlet extract. We report that Anoectochilus formosanus plantlet extract inhibits the cytoplasmic lipid droplet accumulation through adipogenic differentiation of preadipocytes as well as inhibition of tyorsinase activity and melanogenesis. As a result, our findings indicate that Anoectochilus formosanus plantlet extract may be the potential natural ingredient for whitening and slimming cosmetic products.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2013

This study was performed to examine the possibility of water extracts for several medicinal plants, such as Amomum tsao-ko, Alpinia oxyphylla, and Citrus unshiu, as an active packaging ingredient for prevention of lipid oxidation. Chicken breast meats were packed with medicinal plant extracts incorporated carrageenan based films and their physico-chemical and microbial properties during storage at $5^{\circ}C$ were investigated. In chicken meat samples packed with A. tsao-ko (TF) or A. oxyphylla (OF) extract incorporated carrageenan based films, pH value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the population of total microbes were significantly lower than those of the negative control (film of no extract was incorporated, CF) after 5 d of storage (p<0.05). Especially, TBARS value of TF ($0.12{\pm}0.01$ mg malonaldehyde/kg meat) was significantly lower than chicken meat samples packed with positive control (ascorbic acid incorporated film, AF, $0.16{\pm}0.01$ mg malonaldehyde/kg meat) at 3 d of storage, and it means TF has enough antioxidative activity to prevent the lipid oxidation of chicken meat. However, there was no consistent effect on VBN values of chicken meats packed with medicinal plant extracts incorporated films during storage. Based on the obtained results, it is considered that A. tsao-ko extract has potential for being used as a natural antioxidant ingredient in active packaging areas.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2021

We have previously reported that Acer tegmentosum extract, which is traditionally used in Korea to reduce alcohol-related liver injury, suppresses liver inflammation caused by excessive alcohol consumption and might improve metabolism. The active ingredient, 6-O-galloylsalidroside (GAL), was isolated from A. tegmentosum, and we hypothesized that GAL could provide desirable pharmacological benefits by ameliorating physiological conditions caused by alcohol abuse. Therefore, this study focused on whether GAL could ameliorate alcoholic fat accumulation and repair liver injury in mice. During chronic alcohol consumption plus binge feeding in mice, GAL was administered orally once per day for 11 days. Intrahepatic lipid accumulation was measured in vivo using a noninvasive method, ¹H magnetic resonance imaging, and confirmed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured using a Konelab system, and the triglyceride content was measured in liver homogenates using an enzymatic peroxide assay. The results suggested that GAL alleviated alcohol-induced steatosis,e as indicated by decreased hepatic and serum triglyceride levels in ethanol-fed mice. GAL treatment also correlated with a decrease in the Cd36 mRNA expression, thus potentially inhibiting the development of alcoholic steatosis via the hepatic de novo lipogenesis pathway. Furthermore, treatment with GAL inhibited the expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 and attenuated hepatocellular damage, as reflected by a reduction in ALT and AST levels. These findings suggest that GAL extracted from A. tegmentosum has the potential to serve as a bioactive agent for the treatment of alcoholic fatty liver and liver damage.