• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1010-1013
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• 2003

It is said that the goal of the design of good acoustical environment is at first the reduction of undesirable sounds, and in addition the introduction of desirable sounds by which our minds are soothed. The task of creating the desirable sounds leads to the realization of a comfortable acoustic environment and the design of soundscape. It may be an important starting point of soundscape design to select suitable sounds for the target spaces, because each space has a different surrounding condition and requires a special ambient sound. This paper aims to survey preference of the environmental sounds suitable for the public spaces in urban areas such as parks, bus terminals. 35 kinds of natural sounds are rated by 26 pairs of adjectives. The results of psycho-acoustic experiments are as follows. 1. The proper adjectives for expressing the environmental sounds are classified into 6 groups of comfort, pleasure, fullness, variety, distinctness, naturalness. 2. Bird singing, murmuring of a stream, artificial sounds, singing of insects and animals are the affirmative order of preference. 3. Green musics consisted of music and natural sounds are preferred to the pure natural sounds. 4. Sound level relative to background noise causes various preferences to natural sounds in public spaces.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.27-36
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• 1985

^x In Korea, we are entering on a new phase that the use concept of urban park is extending to dynamic activities such as games and sports. This article is to investigate the significance of lawn areas, as a receptive space of such a wide range of recreation activities. As a study process, Green Styles (type of parks) such as Garden Type, Park Type and Forest Type were studied and historical review of lawn areas in park development was performed. In conclusion, the lawn areas ( greensward) are an essential part of park and open space organization. The significance as a conclusion is presented as follows : 1 ) Balance in type of parks The structures of our parks and open spaces are inclined toward the artificial Garden Type and natural Forest Type. Therefore, the intermediate Park Type and sparse wood areas should be a core part of our park and open space development. 2) Psychological effect Park Type areas, thorned by greensward(lawn area), can refresh urban dwellers with natural picturesque landscaps, and Park Type landscape is the most preferred natural landscape. It shows the essence of natural amenity as 3) Accomodation of wide range of recreation activities Lawn areas in urban park are the best place in accomodating the wide range of active and massive recreation activities. Thus, lawn areas can increase the freedom of recreation use in urban park. 4) Enlargement of physical carrying capacity. With expansion of lawn areas of euro- american concept, the structural open space can be transformed into service open space. Thus, the recreation carrying capacity of urban parks can be enlarged.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2006

The urban stream includes the channel and sandbars. The sandbar plays a key role in the riparian ecosystem. For birds and insects the sandbar offers a small strip of habitat and fish and other fauna feed in the boundary of sandbar where eddies occur. So, it is important habitat and source for the flow of energy, matter and organisms through the landscape and act as ecotone between the terrestrial and stream corridors. However, the sandbar changes continuously by the natural process. Thus, it is necessary to measure the shape and area of the sandbar accurately for the efficient urban stream management for the amenity of urban residents and stream protection. The study site is Yangjae Stream where the first natural-style urban stream restoration projected was impelemented by the support of Ministry of Education in Korea. The measurement was taken by the beacon Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) and the data were stored and analyzed using ArcView Geographic Information System (GIS) program. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to measure the change of sandbars in the urban stream after concentrated stormwater during summer.

• 농촌계획
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2015

The necessity of universal design for forestry is increasing. Although several studies applied universal design in forest site, they had been only concentrated on the barrier-free design for the limited activities rather than overall utilization for considering all visitors from the disabled, the elderly and the infirm to the baby and child. The purpose of this study is to find out the principle of the universal design within forest welfare service facilities by analysing how socially disadvantaged people perceive overall usage of natural recreation forest area. This study figures out the main principles of universal design in forest welfare through analyzing usage of children and disabilities in Yumyeongsan natural recreation forest where is one of the popular type of forest welfare area. By doing focus interviews targeted on children and disabilities, the results are analyzed through semantic network analysis, objectively. The result proves that universal design in forest welfare area contains four principles; convenience, safety, diversity and amenity. Also it confirmed that disabilities need better internal space facilities and priority care. Through those characters of universal design, forest area will be able to cover more various type of users as forest welfare area.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.29-55
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 대형할인점의 물리적 환경에 관한 기존연구를 통하여 산업별로 정리하였고, 할인점이 경비절감을 위해 직원배치를 최소화하고 물리적 시설로 소비자에게 소구해야하는 경영특성상 물리적 환경은 매우 중요한 것으로 점차 인식되고 있으나 기존의 연구에서 사용되어진 물리적 환경 변수들의 측정도구는 할인점 조사에 적용할 시 부적합한 부분이 많다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대형할인점에 있어서 물리적 환경의 구성변수를 산업체의 전문가들과 심층토의를 거쳐 변수와 항목을 개발하였으며 그 과정을 구체적으로 설명하였다. 그 결과 도출된 측정변수는 쾌적성, 가시성, 접근용이성, POP로 분류되었다. 그리고 신뢰성과 타당성 분석결과를 거친 측정항목들에 대하여 대형할인점의 물리적 환경에 대한 요인구조와 측정모델의 타당성을 평가하기 위하여 LISREL 8.12를 이용하여 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 살펴보면, 대형할인점에 있어서 물리적 환경의 구성요소인 쾌적성, 가시성, 접근용이성이 고객만족에 영향을 미치지만 POP는 매출증대에는 직접적인 관련성이 있으나 고객만족과는 서로 차원이 다르다고 판단할 수 있으며, 또한 고객만족과 구매의도, 구전의도 그리고 재 방문의도에 영향을 미치게 됨을 알 수 있다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.660-675
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• 2012

본 연구는 미국 내 한인 이주민을 대상으로 이주경험 및 주거실태, 주거입지 선호의 특성을 분석하고, 이를 통해 이주민의 개별 특성이 주택 소유구조와 주거입지 선호에 미치는 영향을 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 워싱턴 주에 거주하는 한인 이주민을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였으며, 설문결과를 토대로 이항로짓모형을 연구방법으로 활용하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째로, 응답자들의 주택 소유구조를 보면, 응답자들은 연령이 높을수록, 소득수준이 높을수록, 이주기간이 길수록 자가주택에 거주하는 경향을 보이는 것으로 나타난다. 둘째로, 응답자들이 선호하는 주거 입지요인으로는 치안, 자연환경, 직장근접, 학군 등 환경/쾌적성, 학군인 것으로 나타난다. 셋째로, 응답자의 개별특성이 주택 소유구조에 미치는 요인에 대한 이항로짓 회귀분석 결과, 가구소득이 높을수록 자가주택 보유율이 통계적으로 유의한 수준으로 상승하는 것으로 나타난다. 넷째로, 응답자의 개별특성과 주택 소유구조가 응답자의 입지선호도에 미치는 영향에 대한 이항로짓 회귀분석 결과, (1) 주거입지 요인으로 자가주택 소유자가 임대주택 소유자보다 학군을 선호하며, (2) 40대 이상의 연령대가 30대 이하의 연령대보다 안전/쾌적성을 선호하며, (3) 이주기간이 10년 이상인 응답자가 이주기간이 10년 미만인 응답자보다 안전/쾌적성을 선호하며, (4) 워싱턴 주 이외에 지역에 최초로 이주한 응답자가 워싱턴 주에 이주한 응답자보다 안전/쾌적성을 선호하는 것으로 나타난다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.503-510
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• 2007

현재 하천정비는 하천생태계에 초점을 맞추고 자연하천에 근접할 수 있는 공법을 사용하는 자연 친화적인 하천정비가 비약적으로 늘어나고 있다. 하지만 자연 친화적인 하천정비는 아직까지 많은 기술이 축적되지 않아 어떤 공법이 하천환경에 적합한 공법인지가 확립되어 있지 않은 상태이다. 또한, 값비싼 공법을 적용하여 하천을 자연 친화적으로 정비하였다. 하더라도 하천정비에 대한 종합적인 평가방법이 확립되어있지 않아 자연 친화적 하천정비에 대한 타당성을 객관화하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 하천환경기능을 포함한 종합적이고 다양한 평가방법을 개발하여 정비하천에 대한 평가를 수행할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 자연 친화적으로 정비된 하천에 대해 정비의 타당성과 효율성을 평가하는 평가방법에 대해 연구하였다. 전라북도 순창읍에 있는 경천을 대상으로 2000년${\sim}$2000년 월별로 모니터링을 수행하여 자료를 수집하였으며, 수집된 자료를 분석하여 하천환경기능을 종합적으로 고려할 수 있는 방법으로서 하천자연도 평가, 전 과정 평가, 어메니티 평가, 경제적 편익 평가 등의 평가방법을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 4가지의 평가방법은 하천정비사업의 종합적이고 정량적인 평가를 수행할 수 있는 방법으로 판단된다. 하지만 하나의 하천을 대상으로 개발된 방법을 적용하였기 때문에 차후 각 하천마다 갖는 특성을 고려하여 하천정비의 평가방법이 요구된다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.49-64
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• 1993

The present waste problems require a change of thinking with regard to conventional economics. It has been generally believed that competitive markets maximize social welfare. But, the other hand, a few economists argue that "the competitive markets cannot always be relied on to provide all goods in the efficient amount." One of the best examples of the latter contention is the environmental problem. What is the basic thinking of the conventional economics that causes this problems \ulcorner What is the present problem that requires the change of conventional economic thinking \ulcorner The environmental problem result from the conventional economic thinking such as pursuing the limitless of the Gross National Product(GNP), believing the increasing returns in economics of scale and the efficiency of competitive market. This economic principles, howe- ver, does not apply currently to public goods, especially environmental amenity and natural resource because the price of markets does not reflect the natural goods of services. We call this eternality. Externalizes are no considered by either buyers or sellers of goods of which production or use results in an eternality. This leads to market failure are causes an waste problem in the economic activities. Today, it is almost impossible to say in a word what the solution for waste problems is because they are by-products complicated and entangled human activities. In this paper, I have introduced the causes of environmental problems only from the economic point of view. I have also described the needs of conversion of conventional economic thinking. Firstly, sustainable development, maintaining the natural resources, should be the basis of the economic growth rather that pursuing the limitless growth of GNP. Secondly, an appropriate scale of human's production activity should be taken into account to reduce the impact to the natural environment. Thirdly, internalization of eternality is asked to correct the market failure. This requires the public policy such as imposing a talsubsidy, assigning a property right or implement a more detailed environmental quality standard through, because use of the natural resources can be. allocated optimally by the intervention of government or social associations.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to accumulate basic data to establish planning direction and planning factors for the environment-friendly apartment complex. For this purpose, the survey has been conducted to residents living in an apartment housing and graduate students, architects and research experts in the field. The major findings of this study are as follows; 1) The basic concept of planning factors for environment-friendly apartment complex are energy saving, resources saving, minimizing environment pollution, natural harmony, regional identity and pursuit of residents' health & amenity. 2) For the planning factors of environment-friendly apartment complex, the residents had a great regard for aspect of Low-Impact (energy saving, resources saving, minimizing environment pollution). The experts, on the other hand, had a great regard for aspect of High-contact (natural harmony, regional identity). 3) It was increase of prime cost that the residents and experts regarded as the most important problem of planning and purchasing of environment-friendly apartment. It thus appears that the promotion of environmental consciousness of residents taking in the portion of increased cost is crucial parts and also that the role of the connected aspects such as administration, construction companies and residents must be redefined in order to manage problems caused in process of the development of it.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.329-333
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• 2003

Study of the background and state of Osaka's waterfront space development and analysis of the functions of 22 chosen major facilities of development project reveals the following four types: amenity-oriented development, large-scale synthesis type development, renewal compound area type development, exchange communication promotion type development. Osaka bay area has served primely as the base of harbors, industry and energy, while analysis of the ongoing project has found that the city has been making a functional transition to a type of development to live up to the needs of the times, suggesting that is wise that Korea's future direction of waterfront development be oriented toward environmental-friendly development by taking advantage of low-density area's natural resources. Given the plurality and complexity of the law of coastal zone, what is needed is a legal maintenance for coastal zone's clear-cut coordinating function and for environmental-friendly development with the limitations of seaside and coastal functions in mind.