• 제목/요약/키워드: national system of innovation

검색결과 860건 처리시간 0.027초

Role of Informal Sector Competition on Innovation in Urban Formal Manufacturing Enterprises in India

  • Shekar, K Chandra
    • Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.1-38
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    • 2021
  • The paper examines the role of the informal sector on innovation activities of urban formal manufacturing enterprises in India. It provides empirical evidence on firm-level linkages between formal and informal sectors by using the World Bank Enterprise Survey, 2013-14 and the Innovation Follow-up survey, 2014. Primarily, the paper aims to examine the effect of informal sector competition on innovation in urban formal manufacturing enterprises in India. Secondly, the paper analyses the mediation effect of informal sector competition on innovations in the urban manufacturing enterprises. It determines the direct and indirect influence of business regulations and constraints on innovation outcomes through the mediation effect of informal sector competition by using the SEM "Structural Equation Modeling" guidelines. The econometric results show that informal sector competition has a negative effect on the introduction of product innovations while industry-level informal sector competition has a positive effect on product innovation through the local knowledge spillovers from the informal to the formal sector. However, the informal sector competition was found to have no significant effect on the probability of introducing process innovations. Further, the results show the inhibitive role of informal sector competition on innovation in urban formal manufacturing enterprises is more severe for firms with heavy regulatory burdens and is relatively weakened in firms with resource constraints. This suggests that the informal sector plays an important role in the NIS (National Innovation System) in India.

기술혁신의 제도적 한계 - 철도소화물 부분의 택배시스템 도입을 중심으로 - (A study on the Institutional Limits of Introducing the Package Express System to the Railway)

  • 윤명길
    • 기술혁신학회지
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    • 제3권3호
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 2000
  • This paper shows the institutional limits of technological innovation at the railway package service, that is the limits of introducing the package express system. The railway package service, owned by government and operated by D company, has been suffered severe operating loss since early 1990's. The package express system supported by information network and co-working with inner city quick service might be an solution for the railway package service. But there are several obstacles such as labor union and the rigidities of the Korean National Railroad of government agency.

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Development of a Joint University Campus as a Key Element in the Regional Innovation System in Sejong Tech Valley, South Korea

  • Lee, Seo-Jeong;Lee, Eung-Hyun;Oh, Deog-Seong
    • World Technopolis Review
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.148-158
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    • 2017
  • Sejong City, which has been chosen as a new administrative capital of South Korea, has completed the first phase of its development plan with the construction of the facilities needed to accommodate central administrative organizations and the required accompanying population. Now, it is undergoing the second phase of development with a focus on strengthening the region's innovation capacity to catalyze endogenous development. The strategy for phase II is to establish a regional innovation system including building necessary infrastructure and attracting innovation agents such as universities, businesses, and research institutes. The first step for this is developing a research complex, tentatively named Tech Valley, that includes universities, research institutes, and businesses, and building infrastructure comprising a science complex, a knowledge industry center, and support facilities. Phase II of the city's development initiative includes the establishment of a joint university campus, which is to serve as a center to promote cooperation among industry actors, universities, and research institutes. The concept of a joint campus has been drawn from a need to enhance capacity for innovation and specialization in the region's industries and to maximize synergy among participating universities through the sharing of research equipment, facilities, and programs. The joint campus is expected to play a key role in creating an innovation system in the region by enhancing research capacity for strategic industries, cultivating highly skilled human resources, and leading industry-academia-research cooperation. In order to ensure the sustainable development of the new city, there is a growing need to have a main player in place that could lead the region's economic development. The joint campus will propel industrial specialization and serve as a catalyst to attract competent universities to the region. This paper will examine the concept, major functions, and the establishment and operation of the joint campus.

산업클러스터의 체계성과 중소기업의 기업가정신, R&D역량 및 기술혁신 (Industrial Cluster System, and Entrepreneurship, RandD Capability and Technological Innovation of SMEs)

  • 신진교;임재현
    • 경영과정보연구
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.171-188
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구는 중소기업의 기술혁신에 있어 중요하면서 실증연구가 부족한 산업클러스터의 체계성과 기업가 정신, 그리고 기술혁신 과정의 체계성을 위해 반드시 고려되어야 할 R&D역량이 기술혁신과 어떤 관계를 가지는지 실증하였다. 대구지역 중소기업을 대상으로 분석한 결과, 산업클러스터의 산업생산체계는 기업가정신에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 기업가정신은 기술혁신에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 산업클러스터의 과학기술체계는 R&D역량과 기술혁신에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, R&D역량도 기술혁신에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 반면 산업클러스터의 기업지원체계는 어디에도 영향을 미치는 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 중소기업의 기술혁신 과정에 대한 이해와 산업클러스터 정책 수립의 뒷받침 자료가 될 것이다.

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Lessons from Korea's Response to COVID-19: Missing Factors of Sectoral Innovation System

  • Seol, Sung-Soo;Ko, Chang-Ryong
    • Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.106-132
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    • 2020
  • This study intends to add a factor to the discussion on the sectoral systems of innovation through Korea's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Korean approach is summarized as follows: the first response centers on technology and innovation. These include the development of diagnostic test methods and accurate test kits, first in the world, the use of ICT technology in epidemiological investigations, the technical response in the field, and the competitive edge in the development of medicine and vaccines that were behind the developed countries. The second response is an aggressive effort implemented just after the Chinese announcement, before the domestic outbreak; the third response is the open policy that induces voluntary participation of all subjects and people by opening all information. More important is the leadership at the national level shown in the past Korean experience and most advanced countries. National leadership must be the missing factor.

Public Procurement for Innovation in Vietnam: Rationales and Perspectives

  • Cao, Thi Thu Anh;Dang, Thu Giang
    • STI Policy Review
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.87-109
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    • 2016
  • Public procurement for innovation (PPI) is a new approach in stimulating innovation, and currently attracts considerable attention from policymakers and academics. This paper discusses the rationales and perspectives of PPI in Vietnam. The rationales for public procurement for innovation policy in Vietnam compared to theoretical and international practice are discussed. From such a comparison, the paper concludes that R&D results-procurement policy in Vietnam shall be understood and implemented as regular PPI both theoretically and practically. However while designing the policy, policymakers must consider the characteristics of the STI system of the country in order to make the policy adaptable to context. The paper identifies that PPI in Vietnam can be implemented with a ready legal framework (intellectual property rights, R&D contracts, standardization, etc.), the prepared capabilities of R&D institutions, businesses, and public agencies in innovation processes, and the provision of a demand-supply network and other procurement incentives.

Technology Adoption Issues and Challenges for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises: A Case Study of the Food and Beverage Sub-Sector in Indonesia

  • PRANATA, Nika;SOEKARNI, Muhammad;MYCHELISDA, Erla;NOVANDRA, Rio;NUGROHO, Agus Eko;RIFAI, Bahtiar;BUHAERAH, Pihri;ZULHAMDANI, Muhammad;YULIANA, Retno Rizki Dini
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.265-274
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    • 2022
  • MSMEs in the food and beverage industry play a critical role in the Indonesian economy since they account for the majority of the manufacturing sector's GDP. Despite its importance, it is unable to compete on a worldwide scale due to a lack of technological adoption. As a result, the purpose of this study is to look into the concerns and challenges that F&B MSMEs have when it comes to technology adoption. An online survey of 626 MSMEs and in-depth interviews as well as focus groups with diverse stakeholders from four provinces, namely West Java, East Java, South Sulawesi, and North Sumatera, provided the data for this study. To be thorough, the approach used in the study is based on the Technology, Organization, and Environment (TOE) framework. According to the findings, the majority of MSMEs use technology for marketing and sales, mainly through e-commerce. Meanwhile, for a variety of reasons, most of them continue to rely on traditional and semi-automatic technologies for production. According to the TOE framework, MSMEs lack those three parts of the technology adoption framework, particularly the environmental aspect, which is mostly due to a lack of cooperation among stakeholders. Finally, as a policy proposal, we offer a comprehensive technology adoption strategy based on the findings through an integrated MSMEs development information system including many important stakeholders.

우리 나라 국가표준체계 현황과 선진화 방안 (Requirements for the Advancement of the National Standard System of Korea)

  • 김동진;박찬복;서상욱
    • 기술혁신학회지
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.111-137
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    • 2000
  • The significant role of the national standards has ever been growing as a critical infrastructure of the national competitiveness. Strategic policies for the advancement of the national standards system in Korea are suggested based on the analysis of trends surrounding the national standards at home and abroad. National standards failing in securing international recognition of its technical competence give an adverse effect to the improvement of industry and national welfare. As a most effective way toward the advancement of the national standards system, the national metrology institute should be placed at the top of the national standards system so as to exert its influence with its technical capabilities close to international level. Efforts are to be made to secure international credibility of the national standards through faithful implementation of the requirements of the mutual recognition arrangement(MRA). And, the legal structures should be refined to be in harmony with the global environment.

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국가과학기술경쟁력 제고를 위한 과학기술부 업무혁신 사례 - 연구비 집행절차 간소화 및 디지털화 - (A Case Study on the Business Innovation for increasing National Science and Technology Competitiveness power - Simplification and Digitalization of R&D Expenses Performance procedure -)

  • 김봉수;이은영;최운백;장보현
    • 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국디지털정책학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.51-58
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    • 2007
  • Considering innovation a key to raising living standards, the Ministry of Science and Technology has put in place various measures meeting the needs of the newly promoted Deputy Prime Minister of Science and Technology. Such measures include business process reengineering as streamlining the work process to achieve the improvement in quality and efficiency: building the integrated performance management system to promote performance-or tented environment; and running the 1ifelong learning system for better competitiveness of government officials. Further to the innovation efforts at work, the number of steps of the R&D budget execution is streamlined from eight to five and its payment period is considerably reduced to 15 days from 60 days. In addition, the digitalized R&D budget management systems such as e-Contract System, One-click Processing Monitoring System, and Information Service System through Short Message Service (SMS) will contribute to improving R&D performance. And these systems are efficiently integrated into a portal interface named "Yeon-gu-ma-ru." The Ministry of Science and Technology, spearheading nationwide innovation, will continue efforts to make viable achievements of innovation.

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A Comparative Analysis of the National Innovation Systems of China and Australia

  • Akpolat, Hasan;Chang, Linzhao
    • International Journal of Quality Innovation
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.153-167
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    • 2008
  • This paper presents the findings of a visiting scholarship research that was carried out at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Australia. Based on the extensive literature review, government databases and international statistics, it introduces an analytical framework for comparison of the national innovation systems (NIS) of China and Australia in regards to their strengths and weaknesses. This is done through individual examination and comparison of functions of typical institutions involved in innovation to reveal the structural characteristics and performances of the two systems. The interactions among these institutions are then analysed to illustrate their dynamics and efficiency. The comparison has shown clearly that China's NIS has several weaknesses and gaps due to its developing and transition stage. There are positive signs that Chinese Government has recognised the nature and scope of the problem and seems to work in the right direction. This paper aims to support this process by providing some recommendations that could help bridge the gaps between the NISs of China and Australia. Due to the fact that both, China's and Australia's NISs, have their unique characteristics but share numerous complementary features, there is a large potential for further cooperation between the two national innovation systems.