• 한국사회정책
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.89-112
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• 2017

Because of low amounts of pension benefit, the Basic Pension of Korea has played a very limited role in reducing the high poverty rates of the elderly. Based on an empirical analysis of the poverty alleviation effect of alternative pension amounts, this paper shows that although the higher basic pension amounts help to reduce the absolute poverty rate of the elderly, it cannot significantly reduce the relative poverty rates. Authors contends that the main objective of the basic pension should be targeted to combat the absolute poverty level. This paper also argues that in order to reduce the relative poverty level of the elderly, the benefit level of National Pension should also be increased.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.67-87
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• 2006

This study examined how middle-aged jobholders anticipate their living after retirement, how they plan their post-retirement financial welfare and what attitude they have towards old age. The data came from 290 middle-aged male and female people in Incheon, Suwon and Cheongju city and were analyzed to find the differences among public planned pension types, such as the National Pension System (NPS), the Government Employee Pension Corporation (GEPC), and the Korea Teachers Pension (KTP). The major results were as follows: First, the expected income level after retirement in GEPC members was the highest and the lowest in KTP members. Second, the expected living period after retirement is the main criteria used when determining the amount of money needed for old age. Third, KTP members were of the most inferior at financial planning and practice, especially self-reflection of their expending behavior, thrift and saving practice for old age.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.156-172
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• 2018

Recently, Korea suffered serious social conflicts between generations due to population aging. Anxiety about depletion of the National Pension Fund is one of the social problem to young generation, because of the uncertainty that they will not able to receive the pension they paid. At the same time, due to the high housing rent in Seoul metropolitan area, the demand for housing welfare and supply of public rental housing for young generation was increased. There are some opinions about using National Pension Fund to supplying public rental houses in the society. In this research, we were concentrated on finding the suitable areas for the public rental house using National Pension Fund. First, verifying the validity of the investment using National Pension Fund for the public rental housing was done. And spatial statistical methods were applied to explore the suitable areas for the public rental housing in Seoul metro area. Finally, this study divided young people into three groups and analyzed ways to supply public rental housing for each group in proper areas by their demand. This research's ultimate goals are mitigating the conflicts between the generations and achieving both profitability and publicness of National Pension Fund.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.31-50
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• 2005

The perspectives on the gender equality are various. Therefore the relationship between social policy and gender equality must be thought in the sense of the following question: What kind of gender equality pursue social policy? In spite of the mentioned question the mainstreaming discussion about the relationship between social policy and gender equality focuses on how a social policy leads to gender inequality. The debate about the perspective with which social policy pursues to conglomerate or abolish gender inequality is not popular. In this study the Korean National Pension System is analysed according to the gender neutral approach, the gender recognition approach, the gender reconstruction approach and the gender reinforcement approach. As a result, the Korean National Pension System has a character as a gender neutral approach. Therefore the critics on the National Pension System should focus on this perspective. In the future, when the pension credit system, the guarantee of right to pension in the case of divorce and the basic pension guarantee would be introduced, the Korean National Pension System could be featured as a field of social policy that has a gender recognition approach.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.35
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• pp.345-374
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to contribute the improvement of national welfare by presenting of pension welfare business of Korea and Japan. The reason why I take the management of Japan's pension accumulation as the object of comparative study is that the history of pension system of Japan is relatively longer than that of Korea. First of all, National Pension Fund comes into use for public sector, financial sector, and welfare sector, The scale of pension management for welfare sector is 50 small. Therefore, the study for welfare business investment reflecting the intentions of pension entries and pensioners is needs of times. This study defines the concept of welfare investment business and prospects welfare investment business of the future on the basis of Japanese experiences, and then suggests the direction of efficient propulsion of welfare investment business to the reasonable decision-makers. Especially this study redefine the concept of welfare investment business on the basis of pension entry's social benefits which are composed of pension entry's gains and pensioner's gain. Of course, welfare investment business has to be presupposed the stability of pension system and the continuous contribution to national economy. Thus, in order to efficiently perform welfare business, the policy-making for national welfare improvement has to be established after the good of business is set up like the results of this study.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.353-384
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• 1995

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Present study examines the gender disparity in terms of its beneficiaries or benefit amount of National Pension of South Korea from the perspective of gender sensitivity. National Pension system has been manipulated and developed in order to maximize its universality. However, substantial gender differences are still found in terms of beneficiary number and benefit amount in the program. Benefit condition and benefit structure are determined assuming that male is the primary breadwinner in household and the primary regular full time worker in labor market. Women are only counted as dependents or excluded as unstable workers. As a result, women are fully or partially excluded from the program as they are excluded in other public sector such as labor market. Women's work (such as caring and housekeeping) are not taken into account in National Pension program. Policy suggestions for the National Pension of South Korea are also provided as the last part of this paper.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.77-88
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• 2019

This study is empirically intended to look into the effects of basic income security on poverty elimination and life independence in income security policies. To achieve this, poverty elimination and life independence through the national pension and basic pension as old-age pension for basic income security and the unemployment benefit and livelihood benefit as employment insurance were determined as dependent variables. The 10th data from Korea Welfare Panel Study were used in the statistical package program to analyze these variables. The overall findings showed that the national pension and basic pension as part of the old-age pension had a positive effect on poverty elimination and life independence. The unemployment benefit and livelihood benefit of employment insurance were not significant and they were rejected. And poverty elimination had a significant effect on life independence and it was adopted. Consequently, the old-age pension is a pensionable income security policy given to all the elderly with lower income, which it is very useful for guaranteeing a basic income. Poverty elimination leads to life independence through the guarantee of a certain basic income, suggesting that they are closely related to each other.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.203-226
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• 2010

Using the Korean Welfare Panel Study, this study examines the labor-market activities of uninsured persons and discusses policy implications for reforming the National Pension Scheme in Korea. First, despite the short observation period, the data show that pension status is not a static state and can be better understood in terms of dynamic processes. Second, in addition to frequent changes in income-earning activities, complex criteria for pension coverage cause substantial transitions in pension status. Third, a portion of uninsured persons involve in income-earning activities but they tend to face poor working conditions as well as unstable employment. Overall, this study suggests that building solid foundations for developing a financially sustainable and reliable social protection system is more important than rapid increase in pension coverage.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2016

This paper examines whether the pension systems of the western countries which was traditionally classified into the Beveridgean and Bismarckian pension regime will converge after recent pension reforms in the financial sustainability and adequacy perspective by comparing between UK, Germany and Sweden. As a result of pension reforms for the last 20 years, the gap between the Beveridgean and Bismarckian pension regime will be likely to decrease and, in particular, the tendency to convergency in adequacy is found. Even though it is not jumped to a conclusion that public pension expenditure between the three countries is likely to converge, the tendency to convergency in financial sustainability is also found if the difference of demographic aging between countries is considered. The paper suggests that it is necessary to make agreement between the range of pension expenditure and replacement ratio that western countries suggest in pension debate in Korea, instead of hitherto useless controversy between financial sustainability and adequacy.