• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.413-415
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• 2021

This paper proposes a nail detection algorithm using OpenPose and implements virtual nail art using it. Based on the key points detected by OpenPose, the finger area is detected using skin color characteristics for each finger. The nail region is detected from the edge image of the detected finger region. Then, a virtual nail art is implemented by synthesizing nail tips in the nail area. In a somewhat controlled shooting environment, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm detects nail areas well and implements virtual nail art well.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.235-243
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• 2012

Objectives: Nail has been a substitute DNA source for genotyping. To investigate the integrity and consistency of nail DNA amplification for biomarker study, nail clippings from 12 subjects were collected at monthly intervals. The possibility of longer amplification and existence of GAPDH RNA/protein, were also investigated with three nail samples. Methods: Three primer sets were designed for quantitative amplification of nuclear and mitochondrial genes and analysis of their consistency. The mean threshold cycles in amplification of the target genes were compared to test the consistency of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performance among individual factors including age groups, sex, family, the nail source, and by the size of the amplification segments. Results: The amplification of the target genes from nail DNA showed similar integrity and consistency between the nail sources, and among the serial collections. However, nail DNA from those in their forties showed earlier threshold cycles in amplification than those in their teens or seventies. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) showed better DNA integrity and consistency in amplification of all three targets than did nuclear DNA (nucDNA). Over 9 kb of mtDNA was successfully amplified, and nested quantitative PCR showed reliable copy numbers (%) between the two loci. Reverse transcription PCR for mRNA and immunoblotting for GAPDH protein successfully reflected their corresponding amounts. Regarding the existence of RNA and protein in nails, more effective extraction and detection methods need to be set up to validate the feasibility in biomarker study. Conclusions: Nail DNA might be a feasible intra-individual monitoring biomarker. Considering integrity and consistency in target amplification, mtDNA would be a better target for biomarker research than nucDNA.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.217-224
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• 2019

Phthalates, endocrine disrupting chemicals, are similar in structure to sex hormones and mainly show reproductive toxicity and developmental toxicity. In this study, we analyzed 11 phthalates, including 3 kinds of phthalates prohibited in cosmetic use and 8 kinds of phthalates regulated in 'Common standards for children's products safety' and EU cosmetic regulation (EC No. 1223/2009). The phthalate analysis was optimized using GC-MS/MS. In analytical method validation, this method was satisfied in specificity, linearity, recovery rate, accuracy and MQL. Therefore, we used this method to analyze 82 products of Nail cosmetics & polish. Although six phthalates such as DBP, BBP, DEHP, DPP, DIBP and DIDP were detected at concentrations of $1.0{\sim}59.8{\mu}g/g$g, they were suitable to Korean cosmetic standards. DIBP and DBP were detected at concentration of $1.1{\sim}2.6{\mu}g/g$ in artificial nail, DBP and DEHP were $1.4{\sim}2.5{\mu}g/g$ in glue for nails, and DIBP, DBP, and DEHP were $2.5{\sim}33.3{\mu}g/g$ in nail stickers. Although substances such as DBP and DEHP in artificial nail, Glue for nails, and nail stickers were detected, they were suitable to 'Common safety standards for children's products. DIBP is not a regulated substance in Korea but showed the third highest detection rate following DBP (84.6%) and DEHP (63.4%). The concentration of phthalates detected in nail products is considered to be safe in current standards but continuous monitoring and research about non-regulated substances are also needed to be considered.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.60-76
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• 2000

Early detection in real-time response of slope movements ensures tremendous saving of lives and repair costs from catastrophic disaster Therefore, it is essential to constantly monitor the performance and integrity of slope-stabilizing structures such as Rock bolt, Nail and Pile during or after installation. We developed a novel monitoring system using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)sensor. It's advantages are highly sensitivity, small dimension and electro-magnetic immunity. capability of multiplexing, system integrity, remote sensing - these serve real-time health monitoring of the structures. Real-time strain measurement by the signal processing program is shown graphically and it gives a warning sound when the monitored strain state exceeds a given threshold level so that any sign of abnormal disturbance on the spot can be easily perceived.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2005

Early detection in real-time response of slope movements ensures tremendous saving of lives and repair costs from catastrophic disaster. Therefore, it is essential to constantly monitor the performance and integrity of slope-stabilizing structures such as Rock bolt, Nail and Pile during or after installation. We developed a novel monitoring system using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor. It's advantages are highly sensitivity, small dimension and electro-magnetic immunity. capability of multiplexing, system integrity, remote sensing - these serve real-time health monitoring of the structures. Real-time strain measurement by the signal processing program is shown graphically and it gives a warning sound when the monitored strain state exceeds a given threshold level so that any sign of abnormal disturbance on the spot can be easily perceived.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.240-243
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 네일 아트를 한 손 이미지가 주어졌을 때 손톱에 있는 네일 아트의 컬러를 자동으로 분류해주기 위한 시스템을 제안한다. 네일 아트 컬러 자동 분류기는 Object Detection 모델을 이용하여 인풋으로 들어오는 손 이미지에서 손톱 영역을 찾고, 각 손톱에 대하여 13 가지 컬러 중 하나로 분류한 결과를 아웃풋으로 반환한다. 본 프로젝트에서는 사용자가 요청하는 네일 아트 손 이미지에 대하여 컬러 라벨링 결과를 반환해주는 API 형태의 서비스를 제안하며, 반응형 웹을 통해 시연 가능하도록 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.203-210
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• 2007

Since the emissions composition from the household products have potentially been associated with health risks for building occupants, the chemical composition emitted from the products should be surveyed. The current study identified the emission composition for 42 liquid household products, using a purge-and-trap method. This evaluation was done by classifying the household products into five product classes (deodorizers, household cleaners, color removers, pesticides, and polishes). Nineteen compounds were chosen on the basis of selection criteria. The quality control program for purge-and-trap and analytical systems included tests of laboratory blank Tenax traps and blank water samples, and the determination of calibration equation, measurement precision, method detection limit (MDL), and recovery. The number of chemicals varied according to the product categories, ranging from 4 for the product category of bleaches to 12 for the product categories of air fresheners and nail color removers. For all product categories, the emission composition and concentrations varied broadly according to product. It is noteworthy that most household products emit limonene: 19 of 25 cleaning products; 5 of 6 deodorizers; 1 of 3 pesticides; 3 of 3 color removers; and 4 of 5 polishes. It was suggested that the use of household products sold in Korea could elevate the formation of secondary toxic pollutants in indoor environments, by the reaction of limonene with ozone, which entered indoor environments or might be generated by indoor sources such as electronic air cleaning devices and copying machines.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.71.2-71.2
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• 2021

Using multi-epoch spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) obtained from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we identify 16 spectrally variable sources, for which the spectral shapes of broad emission lines significantly vary with a time scale of yrs. Out of them, 3 AGNs are already known as changing-look (CL) AGNs by previous studies. 6 AGNs are newly identified as CL AGNs from our study. A majority of these AGNs are relatively faint and their variability in the continuum is small, which may explain their non-detection in the previous studies. 7 sources are known as binary AGN candidates based on the systematic velocity offset between broad emission lines and narrow emission lines. For those sources and 3 CL AGNs, we find that the peak of broad emission lines had been shifted up to a few thousands km/s for ~10 years, implying that those can be promising candidates for pc-scale binary AGNs or recoiling black holes. We plan to conduct multiwavelength follow-up studies to nail down the physical origin of the velocity shift.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2012

An effective, environmentally friendly analytic methods using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detector (GC-MSD) have been developed for the quantitative analysis of trace phthalate levels in cosmetics such as nail lacquer and hair spray. Since such cosmetics are largely comprised of organic solvents, conventional clean-up methods that have been widely used for phthalate analyses are in adequate. In addition, analysis of trace phthalate levels is notorious for its sensitivity to contamination, which causes high analytical values. A direct sample dilution method using an organic solvent was adopted to the sample preparation process to determine the exact amounts of phthalates and simultaneously avoid the high risk of secondary contamination. The method has many advantages including high accuracy, sensitivity, and simplicity in sample preparation. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were selected for analysis because they have been frequently detected in cosmetics and consistently reported as endocrine disruptors in humans and animals. Internal standard method using two deuterium substitutes (DBP-$d_4$, DEHP-$d_4$) as the internal standard was also used. The results of 'Method validation' showed the capabilities of this method for the routine analysis of phthalates at the ppm level. The recovery ranges were between 95 % and 106.1 %, and relative standards deviations (RSD) were less than 3.9 % in fortified nail lacquer and hair spray samples at the concentration of $25{\mu}g/g$.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.611-619
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to apply the quantitative light-induced fluorescence(QLF) and use of fluorescein-enhanced QLF method for quantitative assessment of early enamel demineralization in vitro, comparing effectiveness of light sources : argon laser, halogen lamp, light emitting diode (LED) and plasma arc lamp. Sixty extracted teeth were used, prepared by gentle pumicing and coating in an acid-resistant nail-varnish, except for an exposure to a demineralizing solution. Teeth were removed at regular intervals (24, 48 and 72hrs), air-dried and QLF image were taken. Mineral loss, as measured by difference of optical density, was recorded. For dyeenhanced QLF a 0.075% sodium fluorescein dye was applied after QLF examination and mineral loss was recorded. The following result were obtained : 1. Comparing with mean difference of optical density, plasma arc lamp was higher than other light sources in all group (p<0.05). 2. Comparing each group with mean difference of optical density, there was significant different using plasma are lamp and halogen lamp. 3. For use of dye-enhanced QLF, comparing with mean difference of optical density, plasma arc lamp were higher than other light sources in all group(p<0.05). 4. With this model dye-enhanced QLF compared with QLF in optical density, dye-enhanced QLF was higher than QLF in optical density. From the results presented in this paper, it was concluded that plasma light source was more effective compared with other light source for the detection and the quantification of early enamel caries.