• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.395-401
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• 2010

[M(L/L')$(NO_3)_n$].$mH_2O$ 및 [VO(L/L')($SO_4)$].$2H_2O$ (여기서 L/L'는 Schiff 염기로 thiocarbohydrazide (TCH), benzilmonohydrazone (BMH)/diacetylmonohydrazone (DMH) 및 carbon disulphide에서 유도된 "3,4,10,11-tetraphenyl/tetramethyl-1,2,5,6,8,9,12,13-octaazacyclotetradeca-2,4,9,11-tetraene-7,14-dithione")의 분자식을 갖는 일련의 거대고리 착물을 (M = $UO_2$(VI), Th(IV) and ZrO(IV), n = 2, 4, m = 2, 3)을 금속이온 주형법으로 합성하였다. 이들 착물의 특성을 원소분석, 열분석, 몰 전기전도도, 자기모멘트 그리고 전자, 적외선 및 $^1H$-NMR로 조사하였다. 바나딜 착물의 경우 ESR 및 순환 전압전류법을 사용하였다. 그 결과, VO(IV) 이온은 5배위의 상자기성 착물을 이루며, $UO_2$(VI) 및 ZrO(IV)는 6배위 그리고 Th(IV)는 8배위를 가지나 공통적으로 위의 조성을 갖는 반자기성임을 알았다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권8호
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• pp.1062-1070
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• 2018

This paper presents a simple identification method for discrete-time low-order model of unknown delay process from pulse response. The key idea is to find the parameters of the model such that the first N moments of the unknown process and the model are equal. We first show that the k-th moment of a process can be determined by the moments of the input and output. The parameters and delay are estimated separately. It is shown that for a given delay, the parameters of the low-order model can be determined by solving linear equations in a matrix form. Delay of the model is estimated such that the integral of the absolute errors (IAE) of the candidate models with possible delays minimizes. The illustrative example shows that the proposed method can directly identify low-order models without order reduction process from a single pulse response.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2016

In the paper, as a sequence of the first tutorial, we discuss sufficient dimension reduction methodologies used to estimate central subspace (sliced inverse regression, sliced average variance estimation), central mean subspace (ordinary least square, principal Hessian direction, iterative Hessian transformation), and central $k^{th}$-moment subspace (covariance method). Large-sample tests to determine the structural dimensions of the three target subspaces are well derived in most of the methodologies; however, a permutation test (which does not require large-sample distributions) is introduced. The test can be applied to the methodologies discussed in the paper. Theoretical relationships among the sufficient dimension reduction methodologies are also investigated and real data analysis is presented for illustration purposes. A seeded dimension reduction approach is then introduced for the methodologies to apply to large p small n regressions.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.235-244
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• 1992

In this paper, fluttering behavior of mechanical monoleaflet tilting disc heart valve prostheses during the opening phase was analyzed taking into consideration the impact between the occluder and the guiding strut at the fully open position. The motion of the valve occluder was modeled as a rotating system, and equations were derived by employing the moment equilibrium principle. Forces due to lift, drag, gravity and buoyancy were considered as external forces acting on the occluder. The 4th order Runge-Kutta method was used to solve the governing equations. The results iimonstrated that the occludes reaches steady equilibrium position only after damped vibration. Fluttering frequency varies as a function of time after opening and is in the range of 8-84 Hz. Valve opening appears to be affected by the orientation of the valve relative to gravitational force. The opening velocities are in the range of 0.65-1.42m/sec and the dynamic loads by impact of the occludes and the strut are in the range of 90-190 N.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.451-458
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate shear parameters on cutting slope of weathered granite soils by using small dynamic cone penetration test on the very moment of its cutting. The results were : On the relations among N$\_$c/, Li, and CEC, the condition of Li＞6%, CEC＞14(meq/100g) corresponds to that of N$\_$c/ values of 2∼30, and 3＜CEC＜14(meq/100g) to N$\_$c/=30∼50. Comparing the smallest penetration depth from two small dynamic cone penetration tests done at 5m below from the top of the slope on April 15th, October 31t. there was a l0cm difference. So we could find out the degree of weathering on the slope. And dividing the difference by 190 days (the whole testing time), we could know it's being weathered 0.052mm each day. The more N. value increases, the more shear parameters(internal friction angle ; $\phi$, cohesion : c) increase at a standard pressure($\sigma$＞32㎪). So the condition of N$\_$c/=2∼50 corresponds to that of $\phi$=27∼50, c=12∼49㎪. From the above testing results, the N$\_$c/ values more correspond to $\phi$ values than c values. In conclusion, this study suggests that on small dynamic cone penetration test a penetration boundary line of 5 centimeters is decided at around Li=4%, CEC=3(meq/100g) which is classified as a strong weathering soil. It also shows that as Li increases CEC increases as well, while N$\_$c/ decreases.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.477-493
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• 2005

In case of Mindlin plate, not only the bending deformation but also the shear behavior is allowed. While the bending and shear stiffness are given in the same order in terms of elastic modulus, they are in different order in case of plate thickness. Accordingly, bending and shear contributions have to be dealt with independently if the stochastic finite element analysis is performed on the Mindlin plate taking into account of the uncertain plate thickness. In this study, a formulation is suggested to give the response variability of Mindlin plate taking into account of the uncertainties in elastic modulus as well as in the thickness of plate, a geometrical parameter, and their correlation. The cubic function of thickness and the correlation between elastic modulus and thickness are incorporated into the formulation by means of the modified auto- and cross-correlation functions, which are constructed based on the general formula for n-th joint moment of random variables. To demonstrate the adequacy of the proposed formulation, a plate with various boundary conditions is taken as an example and the results are compared with those obtained by means of classical Monte Carlo simulation.

• 인문언어
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• 제7집
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• pp.271-289
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• 2005

Dans cet article, nous discutons de certains $probl{\grave{e}}mes$ syntaxiques en ayant recours $\grave{a}$ la $th{\acute{e}}orie$ linguistique de Milner. Nous remettons en question $l'ind{\acute{e}}pendance$ et $l'identit{\acute{e}}$ de la structure syntaxique, la relation entre le plan syntaxique et le plan lexical, le $caract{\grave{e}}re$ de la $g{\acute{e}}om{\acute{e}}trie$ de la syntaxe, etc.. La discussion est non seulement linguistique mais aussi interdisciplinaire et ${\acute{e}}pist{\acute{e}}mologique$, dans la mesure $o{\grave{u}}$ nous examinons la nature de $l'entit{\acute{e}}$ syntaxique et la $m{\acute{e}}thode$ "scientifique" de la syntaxe qui donne $acc{\grave{e}}s$ $\grave{a}$ $l'entit{\acute{e}}$ syntaxique. Selon Milner, il faut distinguer la place du terme lexical avec la position syntaxique qui est $l'entit{\acute{e}}$ syntaxique. La $premi{\grave{e}}re$ n'est pas syntaxique $\grave{a}$ strictement parler, mais elle, observable contrairement $\grave{a}$ la seconde, sert $\grave{a}$ conjecturer la dimension syntaxique, $c'est-\grave{a}-dire$ le $syst{\grave{e}}me$ positionnel. Le dispositif $th{\acute{e}}orique$ dans la $th{\acute{e}}orie$ linguistique de Milner n'est rien d'autre que l'ensemble des propositions qui permet, en absence d'observatoire, de conjecturer le $syst{\grave{e}}me$ positionnel sur la base du $syst{\grave{e}}me$ des places. Dire $l'ind{\acute{e}}pendance$ de la structure syntaxique revient $\grave{a}$ dire qu'il y a une coupure entre le $syst{\grave{e}}me$ positionnel et le $syst{\grave{e}}me$ des places. Autrement dit, sans cette coupure, on ne peut parler de $l'ind{\acute{e}}pendance$ de la structure syntaxique. Ainsi $distingu{\acute{e}}s$, les deux $syst{\grave{e}}mes$ en cause se mettent en relation soit naturels soit non naturels ou par distorsion $d'apr{\grave{e}}s$ Milner. La relation naturelle est une relation lexico-syntaxique $n{\acute{e}}e$ au moment $o{\grave{u}}$ un terme lexical occupe une position syntaxique dont la $cat{\acute{e}}gorie$ est identique $\grave{a}$ celle de son occupant. A la $diff{\acute{e}}rence$ de cette relation d'occupation naturelle $suppos{\acute{e}}e$ chez Milner comme une tendance du langage naturel, la relation d'occupation non naturelle est "paradoxale" dans le sens $o{\grave{u}}$ elle est produite dans la rencontre plus ou moins "anomale" entre l'occupant lexical et $l'occup{\acute{e}}$ syntaxique. Le $degr{\acute{e}}$ de l'anomalie qu'une langue autorise peut ${\hat{e}}tre$ $mesur{\acute{e}}$ empiriquement et doit ${\hat{e}}tre$ $vari{\acute{e}}$ en fonction de la langue $concern{\acute{e}}e$. Le $caract{\grave{e}re$ $g{\acute{e}}om{\acute{e}}trique$ de la syntaxe $am{\grave{e}}ne$ ${\grave{a}}$ remettre en cause, entre autres, $l'empiricit{\acute{e}}$ et la $mat{\acute{e}}rialit{\acute{e}}$ de la $g{\acute{e}}om{\acute{e}}trie$ syntaxique. En ce qui concerne ces sujets, nos $th{\grave{e}}ses$ sont les suivantes : la nature de la $g{\acute{e}}om{\acute{e}}trie$ syntaxique n'est pas a priori mais empirique ; la $g{\acute{e}}om{\acute{e}}trie$ de la syntaxe peut et doit ${\hat{e}}tre$ construite $\grave{a}$ l'aide de la logique "empirique".

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.291-302
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• 2005

구조응답에 기여하는 중요성으로 인하여 추계론적 해석에서는 재료탄성계수의 불확실성에 의한 응답변화도에 대한 연구가 주로 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 추계론적 해석이 의미있는 값을 제공하기 위해서는 가능한 많은 인수에 대한 불확실성을 동시에 고려하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 구조재료의 중요한 두 인수인 탄성계수와 포아송비에 나타나는 불확실성을 고려한 추계론적 해석을 위한 정식화를 평면문제에 대하여 제안하였다. 이를 위하여 이들 두 인수의 함수로 주어지는 구성행렬의 각 요소에 대한 다항식 전개를 채용하였으며, 두 인수의 불확실성에 따라 나타나는 자기 및 상호상관함수는 n-차 모멘트에 대한 일반식을 적용하여 구성하였다. 다항식 전개에 따라 부행렬의 무한합으로 변형된 구성행렬은 계산상의 편의를 위하여 요구되는 정확도 내에서 절삭하여 사용하였다. 제안된 방법의 검증을 위하여 단순 평면구조를 예제로 택하여 해석하었으며, 해석결과는 국부평균법을 채용한 고전적인 몬테카를 해석 결과와 비교하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.521-537
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• 2022

과학 학습 과정에서 유발되는 상태호기심과 상태불안은 학업 수행 및 성취에 많은 영향을 미친다. 상태호기심과 상태불안은 매 순간마다 그 수준이 변할 수 있기 때문에 학습의 전 과정에서 학생의 상태호기심과 상태불안 수준을 파악하여 지도할 필요가 있다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구에서는 과학 학습을 과학 문제 대면, 결과 확인, 과학 개념 학습의 세 상황으로 구분하여 초등학교 5~6학년 학생을 대상으로 자신의 예상과 결과의 일치 여부에 따른 학생들의 상태호기심 및 상태불안 수준의 변화를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 문제 대면 후 결과를 확인하는 과정에서 자신의 예상과 일치한 결과에 직면한 nVOE 집단의 상태호기심 수준은 유의한 차이가 없었지만, 자신의 예상과 일치하지 않은 결과에 직면한 VOE 집단의 상태호기심은 증가하였다. VOE 집단 중 결과에 대한 이유를 바르게 추론한 VOE-R 집단의 상태호기심 수준은 유의한 변화가 없었지만 결과에 대한 이유를 바르게 추론하지 못한 VOE-FR 집단의 상태호기심은 증가하였다. 한편 문제의 결과를 확인한 후 VOE 집단과 nVOE 집단의 상태불안은 감소하였으며 VOE-R 집단 역시 상태불안이 감소하였다. 반면 VOE-FR 집단의 상태불안은 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 문제의 결과를 확인한 후 결과에 대한 과학 개념을 학습하는 과정에서 VOE 집단, nVOE 집단, VOE-FR 집단의 상태호기심은 모두 감소하였다. 한편 nVOE 집단의 상태불안 수준은 유의한 변화가 없었지만, VOE 집단, VOE-R 집단, VOE-FR 집단의 상태불안 수준은 감소하였다. 이러한 연구 결과의 교육적 함의에 대하여 논의하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 과학 학습에서 유발되는 학생의 정서적 상태에 대한 이해의 폭을 넓힐 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.151-199
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• 1992

A study on Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, one of the most widely-known Korean medicine books, has been conducted and the findings are as follows:the political and social background at the end of Yi-dynasty amidst the inflow of western civilization and the aggression of foreign forces can be seen as a historical period of trial, when civilization and independence had to be preserved at the same time, during the period, the social trend was to pursue a rapid practical solution rather than a profound theory. Responding to this trend, simple and easy medical science became to prevailand the representative medicine book of this kind was Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. 1. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n was written comprising the characteristics of simple and easy medical science with a view to popularizing-collection of logics, easy readability, medical science in time, etc. 2. Bang Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, rich and grand in content, came out of Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam at the right moment as a pragmatic guide book of Korea medical practice symbolizing Korean spirit. 3. Do-yun Whang whose pen name was Hye-Am was born in Changwon, Kyungnam-do as the 18th descendant of Changwon Whang family. He engaged in medical practice in Seoul and wrote and edited Boo-Bang-Py$\breve{u}$n-Ram. $\breve{U}$i-Jong-Son-Ik, $\breve{U}$i-J$\breve{u}$ng-Son-Ik-Bu-Yeo, $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whan-Tu, ect. and made his son, Pil-Su follow him and let him edit Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, which put $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu and Son-Ik-Bon-Cho together. 4. The construct of Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n can be subdivied into three parts: herbs of 34 classes and 514 kinds were arranged on the upper part and $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu was arranged on the middle end lower part. Such arrangement can be very effective in clinics. 5. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n as a curative book of Korean medical science has been a necessary another ego for many Korean medical practioners. It also played a great role of enhancing Korean oriental medical science to be widely used by Koreans. On the other hand, it produced a side effect of emergence of employed medical practioner who lacked in scholastic aptitude. 6. Tens or newly edited Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n have been issued. Among them, Jung-Jeong, Bang-Yak-Hap-py$\breve{u}$n, J$\breve{u}$ng-Mak-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, and By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Jung-Jeon have been widely known. Lately, Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n which includes more symptoms and remedies or is translated into Korean came out in several kinds. 7. The number of korea classical medicinal books quoted in Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n is 68, among which Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam Occupies the top in the list enlisting 69 medicinal treatment. This Shows that Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam gave birth to Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n.