• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.515-520
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• 2007

M. pneumoniae는 지역사회폐렴의 중요한 원인균으로 대개 경증의 임상상을 보이지만 급성호흡곤란증후군을 일으킬 정도로 중증의 폐렴을 보이는 경우가 드물게 보고 되고 있다. 저자들은 일반적인 임상적인 경과와 달리 심한 폐침윤과 호흡곤란을 호소한 M. pneumoniae 폐렴 2예를 보고한다. 이들은 M. pneumoniae 폐렴의 전형적인 임상양상을 보이지 않았으나 중증지역사회폐렴의 양상을 보여 처음부터 새로운 퀴놀론이나 마크로라이드가 포함된 경험적 항생제 투여를 시작하였다. 또한 처음부터 M. pneumoniae IgG또는 IgM의 의미있는 상승과 추적검사에서 더욱 상승된 항체가를 보이고 혈청 검사에서 다른 감염증의 가능성을 배제하여 M. pneumoniae 폐렴으로 진단하였으며 합병증을 남기지 않고 치료가 되었다. 두 증례를 통하여 저자들은 M. pneumoniae 감염이 중증의 지역사회폐렴의 원인의 하나로 고려되어야 하며, 중증 폐렴소견을 보이는 경우에도 마크로라이드나 퀴놀론을 포함한 경험적 항생제 치료가 필요할 수 있음을 경험하여 보고한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.863-870
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• 2005

2002년 2월부터 2005년 4월까지 호흡기질환 환자로부터 분리된 M. pneumeniae 123 균주의 tetracycline과 erythromycin에 대한 MIC 범위는 각각 $0.5\~1.0$, and $0.5\~512{\mu}/ml$ 이었다. 분리된 M. pneumoniae 123 균주에서 plasmid DNA는 확인되지 않았다. 분리된 M. pneumoniae 123 균주 중에서 57($46.3\%$) 균주가 tetracycline에 저항성인 tetM유전자를 가지고 있었으며, 235 rRNA domain V에 erythromycin에 저항성 변이를 일으킨 균주가 60($48.8\%$)이었다. erythromycin에 저항성 변이를 일으키지 않은 63균주 중에서 tetM 유전자를 가지고 있는 균주는 36($57.1\%$)이었으며, erythromycin에 저항성 변이를 일으킨 60균주 중에서 21($35.0\%$ 균주가 tetM 유전자를 가지고 있었다. 본 연구로써 국내에서 tetracycline과 erythromycin에 대한 저항성 M. pneumoniae 균주의 분리율이 외국에 비하여 높으며, M. pneumoniae 감염의 치료에 erythromycin이 일차 선택제가 될 수 없으므로 이에 대한 범국가적 조사가 필요하다고 생각된다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2019

목적: 소아 마이코플라즈마 폐렴의 임상 중증도와 cytokine, chemokine의 상관 관계를 살펴보았다. 방법: 대상 환아의 임상소견과 검사소견을 후향적으로 조사하였고, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, inducible protein (IP)-10, macrophage inflammatory protein $(MIP)-1{\beta}$와 tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$를 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 총 72명이 포함되었고, 흉부 사진에서 대엽성 병변을 보이는 경우(29명)에서 기관지-미만성 병변을 보이는 경우(43명)보다 erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)와 IL-18 수치가 의미 있게 높았다. 하지만, 스테로이드 사용 여부에 따른 차이는 보이지 않았다. CRP, ESR, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), IL-18 그리고 IP-10 수치는 입원 전 발열 기간과 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 또한 ESR과 CRP 수치는 IL-18과, LDH는 IP-10과 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: CRP, ESR, IL-18 그리고 IP-10 수치는 대엽성 폐렴이나 긴 발열 기간과 같은 질병의 중증도와 연관성을 가진다.

• 보건세계
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• 제43권11호통권483호
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• pp.4-7
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• 1996

폐는 산소가 많이 포함된 신선한 공기를 혈액에 공급하여 줌으로써 우리 몸의 활동유지에 필요한 산소를 공급해 줌과 동시에 신체의 활동에 의하여 생성된 이산화탄소를 몸밖으로 배출하는 작용을 주로 하는 기관이다. 따라서 폐는 본연의 기능을 유지하기 위하여 계속적으로 외부의 공기를 흡입하여야 한다. 이 과정에서 외부에서 균으로 오염된 공기를 흡인하거나 또는 폐에 도달되기 전에 공기가 거쳐 지나가게 되는 구강 및 인후가 균으로 오염되어 있다가 오염된 분비물이 기도로 흡인되거나 하는 경우에는 폐실질에 염증이 발생할 수 잇는데, 이러한 경우를 폐렴이라고 한다. 이밖에도 다른 외부장기의 감염이 혈행성으로 폐로 전이되어서 폐렴이 발생할 수도 있다. 폐렴의 원인균은 각종 세균, mycoplasma, chlamidae, rickettsiae, virus 등 매우 다양하며, 균이 아닌 자극성 물질 또 호산구의 폐침윤 등에 의해서도 폐렴이 발생할 수 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.889-897
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• 2011

Mycoplasma Pneumonia of swine (MPS) decreases the daily growth of pigs, and, co-infection with a virus sometimes causes severe pneumonia. Genetic selection of pigs resistant to the pulmonary MPS lesion might solve the economic loss due to MPS in animal production. Here, we examined the immunophenotype of Landrace line (Miyagino L2), genetically selected to reduce the incidence of pulmonary MPS lesion for 5 generations in Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station. Although this line is expected to be resistant to the pulmonary MPS lesion, the biological characteristics of its immune function are not clear. We investigated details of the immunorelated phenotype of Miyagino L2 at the hematological and molecular biological level, including cytokine expression, and compared the results with that of non-genetically selected Landrace. Miyagino L2 showed decreased antigen-specific IgG and IgM production and increased CD8-positive T-cell population, and high levels of cortisol concentration, suggesting that the MPS-resistant phenotype is associated these immunological differences. Additionally, T-cell CD4 expression was highly correlated with the MPS expected breeding value. Although the detailed mechanisms underlying this high correlation remain unknown, our result suggested that the genetic selection of the expression level of CD4 might be useful to improve MPS resistance in pig production.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.611-625
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• 2000

For the improvement of quality control of laboratory mouse, we investigated the environmental condition, histopathological findings and serological test using ELISA to mouse hepatitis virus(MHV), Mycoplasma pulmonis(MP), Clostridium piliforme(TZ) and Sendai virus (HVJ) of ICR, C57BL/6, CBA and C3H/He mice that were supplied from conventional laboratory animal facility. 1. The ammonia concentration of facility was below the recommended concentration, 15ppm, by the KNIH, and the room temperature($21{\sim}23^{\circ}C$) and relative humidity(40~60%) was optimum range recommend by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, respectively. 2. The incidence rate of inapparent disease was 86.6% and the major findings in the liver were vacuolar degeneration with nucleic pleomorphism. The lung was shown the thickening of alveolar wall and interstitial pneumonia with congestion. The kidney and spleen were observed the mild congestion and extramedullary hematopoiesis, respectively. 3. The positive reaction rates against MHV and MP in serological test was 97.9% and 37.5%, respectively but HVJ and TZ were negative. These results suggest that laboratory mice could be infected with MHV and MP under conventional environments. Therefore we recommend to select thoroughly inapparent infected mice and to convert conventional system into SPF facility as soon as possible.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.97-103
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• 1987

1987년 1월에서 동년 7월까지 본 임상병리과에 M. pneumoniae의 감염을 의심하여 한냉응집소와 항Mycoplasma 항체가 소아환자 191명중 추적조사를 시행한 환자 48명을 대상으로 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 한냉응집소 만으로 M. pneumoniae를 진단하는 데에는 유용성이 떨어진다. 2. M. pneumoniae의 감염을 진단하는 데에는 한냉응집소치 보다 항Mycoplasma 항체가 더 감수성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 초기에 한냉응집소가 정상으로 나타나더라도, 추적조사에서 양성으로 나타날 수 있으므로, 임상적으로 M. pneumoniae의 감염이 의심되면 추적조사가 필요하다. 4. 소아 폐렴에서 M. pneumoniae에 의한 감염이 많으므로(37.5%), 소아 폐렴환자에선 반드시 한냉응집소와 항Mycoplasma 항체 측정을 동시에 할 필요가 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.1096-1104
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• 2010

This bio-acoustic study was aimed at classifying the different porcine wasting diseases through sound analysis with emphasis given to differences in the acoustic footprints of coughs in porcine circo virus type 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MH) - infected pigs from a normal cough. A total of 36 pigs (Yorkshire${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Duroc) with average weight ranging between 25-30 kg were studied, and blood samples of the suspected infected pigs were collected and subjected to serological analysis to determine PCV2, PRRS and MH. Sounds emitted by coughing pigs were recorded individually for 30 minutes depending on cough attacks by a digital camcorder placed within a meter distance from the animal. Recorded signals were digitalized in a PC using the Cool Edit Program, classified through labeling method, and analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and discriminant analysis. Input features after classification showed that normal cough had the highest pitch level compared to other infectious diseases (p<0.002) but not statistically different from PRRS and MH. PCV2 differed statistically (p<0.002) from the normal cough and PRRS but not from MH. MH had the highest intensity and all coughs differed statistically from each other (p<0.0001). PCV2 was statistically different from others (p<0.0001) in formants 1, 2, 3 and 4. There was no statistical difference in duration between different porcine diseases and the normal cough (p>0.6863). Mechanisms of cough sound creation in the airway could be used to explain these observed acoustic differences and these findings indicated that the existence of acoustically different cough patterns depend on causes or the animals' respiratory system conditions. Conclusively, differences in the status of lungs results in different cough sounds. Finally, this study could be useful in supporting an early detection method based on the on-line cough counter algorithm for the initial diagnosis of sick animals in breeding farms.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.2153-2159
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• 2015

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is known to cause porcine enzootic pneumonia (EP), an important disease in swine production. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of sonicated protein fractions of M. hyopneumoniae on inflammatory response and gene expression in the murine alveolar macrophage MH-S cell line. The effects of sonicated protein fractions and intact M. hyopneumoniae on the gene expression of cytokines and iNOS were assessed using RT-PCR. The Annealing Control Primer (ACP)-based PCR method was used to screen differentially expressed genes. Increased transcription of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, COX-2, and iNOS mRNA was observed after exposure to the supernatant (SPT), precipitant (PPT), and intact M. hyopneumoniae protein. A time-dependent analysis of the mRNA expression revealed an upregulation after 4 h for IL-6 and iNOS and after 12 h for IL-1β and TNF-α, for both SPT and PPT; the fold change in COX-2 expression was less. A dose- and time-dependent correlation was observed in nitrite (NO) production for both protein fractions; however, there was no significant difference between the effects of the two protein fractions. In a differential gene analysis, PCR revealed differential expression for nine gene bands after 3 h of stimulation — only one gene was downregulated, while the remaining eight were upregulated. The results of this study provide insights that help improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of and macrophage defenses against M. hyopneumoniae assault, and suggest targets for future studies on therapeutic interventions for M. hyopneumoniae infections.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1484-1490
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• 2013

A lack of investigation in specific regions has impeded the understanding of epidemiological trends in the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in South Korea. To help fill this research gap, this study used multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) to determine the prevalence of STIs detected in clinical specimens collected from women in Cheonan, South Korea between August 2006 and November 2012, and analyzed the prevalence of STIs according to age, bacterial pathogen, and time period. Of the 1,618 specimens collected from 1,523 patients, 536 (35.2%) tested positive for at least 1 pathogen, with 407 (25.2%) testing positive for 1 pathogen, 103 (6.4%) for 2 pathogens, 20 (1.2%) for 3 pathogens, and 6 (0.4%) for 4 pathogens (n = 697 pathogens total). The median ages of all patients and of STI-positive patients were 37.8 and 33.3 years, respectively, and both decreased annually over the study period. Mycoplasma hominis (MH) was detected in 62.1% of the positive specimens, Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) in 28.4%, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in 23.1%, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) in 7.8%, Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in 6.5%, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) in 2.1%. Whereas the prevalence of MH, MG, and TV infection did not vary greatly over the study period, that of UU decreased by one-fifth and that of both CT and NG increased 4-fold. The results indicate great variability in the rates of infection with each pathogen and a decreasing trend in overall STI prevalence, age of patients seeking STI testing, and age of STI-positive patients.