• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 1998

To evaluate the genotoxicity of SKP-450, an antihypertensive agent the in vitro reverse mutation assay using Salmonella typhimurium, the Chromosome aberration assay using Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells and the in vivo micronucleus assay using bone marrow cells of ddY mice were performed. In the Reverse mutation test, SKP-450 did not induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537 with and without metabolic activation. In the chromosome aberration assay using CHL cells, there was no increased incidence of structural and numerical aberrations with and without metabolic activation. The in vivo induction of micronuclei was measured in polychromatic erythrocytes of bone marrow of male ddY mice at 30 hours after treatment with SKP-450 by p.o once. The results showed no increased incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of ddY male mice treated with SKP-450.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.89-92
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• 1998

The results of chromosome aberration test in mammalian cells in culture (Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells) showed no induction of structural and numerical aberrations by YH1226, a cephalosporin antibiotic regardless of metabolic activation, while positive control group (mitomycin C and benzo(a)pyrene) showed structural chromosome aberrations of 25% and 10%, respectively. The in vivo induction of micronuclei was measured in polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of male ddY mouse given YH1226 at 500, 250, 125 mg/kg by i.p. once. After 24 hours, animals were sacrificed and evaluated for the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in whole erythrocytes. Although a positive response for induction of micronuclei in animals treated with mitomycin C demonstrated the sensitivity of the test system for detection of a chemical clastogen, YH1226 did not induce microunclei in bone marrow of ddY male mice.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.205-210
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• 2002

In irradiated human lymphocytes, translocation of chromosome has been more frequently observed than dicentric chromosome. Differences in the misrepair process leading to translocation and dicentric chromosomes may explain the above observations. In order to find out whether dicentric and translocation are originated from different mechanism, the frequencies of radiation induced translocation and dicentric in lymphocytes were examined following treatment of irradiated lymphocytes with two DNA repair inhibitors, 3AB for inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis and Ara C for inhibition of DNA-polymerase $\alpha$. Ara C potentiated the frequencies of radiation induced dicentric and translocation. 3AB also potentiated the frequencies of radiation induced dicentric, but not translocation. These results suggest the potential differences in the mechanisms in the formation of translocation and dicentric chromosomes.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.199-204
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• 2002

It has been known that Ganoderma lucidum and Lentinus edodes have anticancer activity and immune enhancing activity. These two mushrooms were grown in liquid culture and harvested. From these mycelia, DNA was isolated and EtBr-CsCl density gradient ultracentrifugation was performed to purify it further. Then mitochondrial DNA was isolated by bisbenzimide-CsCl density ultracentrifugaton. Mitochondrial DNA of Ganoderma lucidum was digested by restriction enzymes, EcoR I, Hind Ⅲ, and Pst I, then electrophoresed. It showed 12, 22, 4 fragments. Mitochondrial DNA of Lentinus edodes was digested by EcoR I. Electric pattern showed 6 fragments. 4 fragments had appeared by Pst 1 digested mitochondrial DNA. Hind ill couldn't digest mitochondrial DNA of Lentinus edodes. Mitochondrial DNA of fusants was isolated to compare to those of parents. The results showed that fusant P₂S₄has new, recombined mitochondrial DNA. But P₂S₄had the same DNA that Ganoderma lucidum had.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.183-186
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• 2002

Hypertension is a multifactorial disease. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in its etiology. Since the impairment of nitric oxide (NOS) production plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) gene is supposed to be a candidate gene of hypertension. Our study group investigated the 27 bp insertion/deletion (Ins/Del) polymorphism of ecNOS gene in 99 Korean normotensives and 98 hypertensives, respectively. There was no significant association with any cardiovascular risk factors as well as hypertension in Koreans. The Ins/Del polymorphism of the ecNOS gene indicated the similar allele distribution among ethnic groups studied. Further studies using larger sample size and subject information is required to describe the general picture of the association between the ecNOS gene polymorphic loci and hypertension

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 2006

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play an important role in this response by rapidly killing invading microorganisms. In this study antimicrobial peptide has been isolated from acidified whole body extract of a bivalve mollusk, the marine mussel (Mytilus coruscus). This peptide purified to homogeneity by gel-filtration and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The molecular weight was 1464.92 Da, determined by MALDI-TOF Mass spectrometry. In addition to growth inhibition of Escherichia coli D31.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2006

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to cause oxidative modification of DNA, proteins, lipids and small cellular molecules and are associated with tissue damage and are the contributing factors for diabetes, inflammation, aging, cancer, arteriosclerosis, and hypertension. We screened the anti-oxidative effect on V79-4 hamster lung fibroblast cells induced by hydrogen peroxide with eleven extracts of combined medicinal plants. Dancheonhwankakambang and Samikangyabtang were found to show the scavenging activities of DPPH radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species, which is measured by dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate method (DCHF-DA).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.916-921
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• 1994

The inhibitory effects of the juice and boiling water extract of Houttuyina cordata Thunb., which has been known as a traditional folk antitumor agent, on the genotxicity induced by mutagens were investigated . For this purpose, Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100, and the transheterozygous (mwh/+) third larvae of Drosophila melanogaster were used. The juice of fresh H. cordata 9JHC) and boiling H. cordata extract (BHC) showed antimutagenicities toared alfatoxin B₁ in S. typhimurium TA 98 and TA100. The JHC's inhibitory effect increased by 76% to 98% as the adding concentrations increased, and the BHC had a 86-97% inhibitory effect. however, in the case of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), the JHC's inhibitory effect was 52-60% irrespectively of its concentrations and the BHC had a low inhibitory effect. The JHC and BHC slightly reduced the somatic chromosomal mutagenicity by MNNG in the wing hair spot test system (mwh/+) of D. melanogaster, which suggests that they can inhibit gene mutation , deletion and mitotic chromosomal recomgination.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.106-112
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• 2001

In view of the effect of factor Ⅶ as a risk factor for essential hypertension, we investigated the length (I/D) polymorphism at position 323 promoter region and exon 8-Msp I RFLP of the human factor Ⅶ gene in the Korean patients with essential hypertension and normal controls. There were no significant differences in the allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies of these polymorphisms between normotensive and essential hypertensive subjects. The significant linkage disequilibrium was however, detected between two polymorphic sites. The Msp I RFLP and I/D polymorphism were also significantly associated with plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. Therefore, our results suggest that the significant association between two genetic variations in the human factor Ⅶ gene and plasma TG level may reflect the potential role of human factor Ⅶ gene as one of the genetic components for cardiovascular risk.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.118-121
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• 2001

The predictive screening of various molecular descriptors for predicting carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and alkylation activity of chlorinated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) has been investigated for the application of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR). The toxicity index for 29 compounds were computed by the PASS program and active values were employed in this study. Studies show that different descriptors account for the model equation of each genotoxic endpoint and that thermodynamic descriptors significantly played a major role on prediction of endpoints of chlorinated aliphatic compounds.