• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.190-195
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• 2003

To assess the genotoxicity of AS6, several classical toxicological tests were performed. In Ames test, AS6 did not show any transformation of revertant with or without S-9 metabolic activating system, indicating the lack of mutagenic effect of the compound. To assess clastogenic effect, in vivo micronucleus and in vitro chromosomal aberration assays were performed using male ICR mice and Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cells, respectively. Chromosomal aberration was not induced regardless of the presence of S-9 metabolic activating system. In addition, AS6 did not cause any increase in the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes at any of the dose levels, suggesting little clastogenicity in vitro or in vivo. Taken together, these results demonstrate that AS-6 has no mutagenic effect in our test system.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.197-202
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• 1999

To confirm the effects of binlang(Areca catechu L.) and tansen(Salvia miltriorrhiza bung) on the mutagenicity induced by hydrogen peroxide, SOS Chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37 and Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA104 were perlormed. Methanol-soluble parts of their water extracts showed high inhibitory effect against the mutagenicity of hydrogen peroxide in two bacterial mutation assays. Step-wise fractionation of methanol-soluble part from tansen was done using ethyl acetate, butanol and water. Among these fraction was further partitioned by Sephadex LH-20 column chromtography, and 6 subfractions were obtained. The fraction III showed the strongest inhibitory effects against the mutagenic activities induced by hydrogen peroxide. The inhibition rates of fraction III at concentration of 500$\mu\textrm{g}$/assay were 28%, 30% and 15% against 4-NQO, MNNG and B(a)P, respectively. But the mutagenic potency of AFB1 was increased.

• 약학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.253-257
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• 1991

The anti-mutagenic effect of Orostachys japonicus (OJ) toward aflatoxin (AFB$_{1}$) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in the Salmonella assay system was studied. The methanol extract of OJ inhibited the mutagenicity induced by AFB$_{1}$ about 97% when 5% of the extract added to the system. Butanol fraction from the methanol extract was the most effective against AFB$_{1}$. However, other fractions of hexane, chloroform, and ethylacetate also showed considerable antimutagenic activity against AFB$_{1}$. Several identified compounds from the fractions of OJ exhibited anti-mutagenic effect. $\beta$-Sitosterol, astragalin and kaempferol-3-rhamnosyl-7-glucoside were selected from the compounds, and these compounds inhibited the mutagenicity dose-dependently. These 3 compounds also decreased the mutagenicity induced by MNNG. From these results, it is suggested that the major compounds such as triterpene, sterol and flavonoid in the OJ were responsible for the inhibition of the AFB$_{1}$ and MNNG-induced mutagenicities.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 1996

The mutagenic potential of rHu-EPO was evaluated using the short-term genotoxicity tests including Ames, chromosome aberration and micronuclei tests. In Salmonella typhimurium assay, rHu-EPO did not show any mutagenic response in the absence or presence of S9 mix with TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537. In chromosome aberration test, rHu-EPO did not show any significant effect on Chinese Hamster Ovary(CHO) cells compared with control. In micronucleus test using male ICR mice, a dose-dependence increase in the frequency of micronucleuted polychromatic erythrocytes(MNPCEs) was observed in bone marrow cells treated with rHu-EPO. However, it was related to the secondary effect of rHu-EPO and the number of MNPCEs was equal to spontaneous frequency. These results indicate that rHu-EPO does not show any positive response in short-term genotoxicity assays.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제7권3_4호
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• pp.69-79
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• 1992

Recently, concerns of water pollution and health risks caused by synthetic detergents have emerged, as the use of various detergents has increased It has been suggested that some surfactants are cocarcinogens. The surfactants tested were linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleat (tween 80), and the mutagens were 1-nitropyrene, N -methyl- N'-nitro-N -nitrosoguanidine, benzo (a) pyrene, and aflatoxin B$_1$. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of surfactants on the activity of mytagens using the Ames mutagenic assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The surfactants have no mutagenic activity of themselves. 2. Higher doses of surfactants than 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/plate reduced the number of revertants. It is assumed that the reduction would inhibited cell growth. 3. When the comutagenic ratio is defined as the ratio between mutagenic activity itself and the activity with mutagen and surfactant (drinking water quality standard), LAS showed the comutagenic ratio 0.86-1.17 and SLS 0.74-1.10 as well. According to the comparisons, it could not be recognised for the comutagenicity of drinking water quality standard of surfactant. 4. As increasing the amount of mutagens, the designated amount of surfactant did not affected the mutagen's activity statistically. From the above result, syunthetic surfactants do not present mutagenicity and comutagenicity in the microbial assay.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.308-313
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• 1992

쑥의 주요 휘발성분이 Salmonella typhimurium TA100에서 aflatoxin B$_1$의 돌연변이 유발성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 쑥(Artemisia asictica nakai)의 생엽과 볶음 쑥차로 부터 휘발성향기성분을 Tenax trap으로 포집하여 분리하였다. GC-MS로 동정된 9가지 주요화합물중 myrcene, cineole camphor, caryophyllen, coumarin, farnesol은 돌연변이 유발을 억제시키는 효과가 있었으며, 2-pyrrolidine, thujone, 그리고 1-acetylpiperidine은 증가시키는 효과가 있었다. 그러나 이들 9가지 화합물을 혼합하여 시험하였을 때는 돌연변이 억제효과만 현저하였다. 따라서 2-pyrrolidine, thujone, 그리고 1-acetylpiperidine의 돌연변이 증가효과는 쑥중의 항돌연변이 물질에 의해 그 효과를 나타내지 못함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2013

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans JG22 isolated from pepper leaf jangajji on the mutagenic activity of N-methyl, N'-nitro, N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and 2-nitrofluene (2-NF) and to evaluate the effect of physico-chemical pretreatment on the antimutagenic activity of the strain. The viable cells of JG22 strain displayed a significantly high (p <0.05) antimutagenic activity against both mutagens tested. The antimutagenic effect of JG22 strain seems to be positively correlated with the amounts of the cells in the incubation time. This strain produced the antimutagenic activity of the maximum levels after preincubation for 30 min. The binding of this strain against the mutagenic compounds might be mainly present in the cell wall fraction rather than the cytosol fraction. Pretreatment with proteolytic enzymes and simulated gastric and intestinal juices and at different pH values had no significant effect on two mutagens removal by the viable cells. However, the binding activity of the mutagen by the strain seems to be affected by heating, enzymes including $\alpha$-amylase and lysozyme, divalent ions, and sodium metaperiodate. Thus, carbohydrates consisting of the cell walls may be important elements responsible for the binding of MNNG and 2-NF by this strain. In conclusion, the binding of the mutagens to cells of JG 22 strain may play a vital role in suppressing the process of mutagenesis induced by mutagens.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1992

Physiological toxic and mutagenic effects of gramoxone in Drosophila melanogaster were invetigated. Gramoxone was highly toxic on the development, resulting in of lowering the viability and in prolongation of the developmental times. Adults treated with gramoxone during the developmental stages caused a lowering of the productivity and a little chinge in protein quantity. But the effect on the sex-linked lethal mutagenesis was found to be negative. The order of mortality causing ado리t stoa형e feeding to gramoxone in the D. melanogaster complex was like this ; D. mauritiana, D. sechellia, D. simulans and D. melanogasteu Two species of the D. yakuba complex were alike. Those results were more or less correlation with speciation of the D. melanogaster subgroup.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.175-175
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• 2003

Phthalocyanine, a water soluble porphyrin derivative and dye, is known to inhibit the mutagenic and carcinogenic actions of compounds having polycyclic structures, e.g. heterocyclic amines. There is evidence that this adsorbent effect shows by a complex formation between the porphyrin-like structure of phthalocyanine and the planar molecular surfaces of theses compounds. That phthalocyanine can form an insoluble material when mixed with chitosan, a polyglucosamine, and that the solid chitosan-phthalocyanine, named Eco-Blue, thus prepared can efficiently adsorb polycyclic mutagenic compounds. The adsorption was experimented by UV/VIS spectrometry. The adsorbent effects of mutagens and carcinogens was identified by Gas chromatography (GC) and Ames Test. The adsorbed polycyclic mutagens were elutable with buffer, but only to small extents. Chitosan-phthalocyanine may be expected to be useful as an adsorbent against polycyclic mutagens and carcinogens.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.120.1-120.1
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• 2003

The mutagenic potential of Gryllus bimaculatus was evaluated using the short-term genotoxicity tests including Ames, chromosome aberration and micronuclei tests. In salmonella typhimurium assay, G. bimaculatus did not show any mutagenic response in the absence or presence of S9 mix with TA98, TAl00, TA1535, and TA1537. In chromosome aberration test, G. bimaculatus did not show any significant effect on Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells compared with control. (omitted)