• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze data regarding the effects of group music therapy with adolescents. 27 master's, doctorial theses and published articles between 2000 and 2012 were selected for meta analysis. Subjects, independent variables, dependent variables, and the number of session were used to compare the effectiveness of group music therapy program. 49 effect sizes using means and standard deviation from 27 studies were calculated. The results were as follows. The overall mean effect size was -0.14, which is small size effect, according to Cohen's ES interpretation criteria. The mean ES was influenced by the subjects(adolescents/maladjustment students/addictive students/students in facility), the ES of adolescents was the biggest. However there were no significant difference among subjects. During the independent variables(active music therapy/receptive music therapy/combined music therapy), combined music therapy showed the biggest efficacy. When results were sorted by the dependent variables (social/emotional/behavior/cognitive category), the ES of behavioral category was the biggest. However, there was no significant difference among them. The ES of 11~15 session was the most effective.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this analysis was to classify music therapy studies published in KCI journals to understand the type of research being conducted and trends in the research. This study analyzed 472 music therapy articles published in KCI journals from 2005 to October 31, 2017. The study analyzed the overall characteristics of the included studies, trends in each research field, study subjects, research types, and commonalities and differences between research fields. It was confirmed that the number of music therapy studies published in KCI journals steadily increased from 2005. The results also confirmed that the research subjects and types of music therapy research became more diverse. For example, earlier studies focused on participants with disabilities, but populations without disabilities were increasingly the focus of more recent studies. Similarly, earlier studies were mostly experimental or descriptive, but more recent research included historical, philosophical, and program development studies. The results of analysis confirm that music therapy research is evolving and being conducted in cooperation with many other fields. This article provides a snapshot of the current state of music therapy research and offers implications for the future of music therapy research with multidisciplinary characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.60-68
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music therapy on postpartum blues and maternal attachment of puerperal women. Methods: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The participants were puerperal women who agreed to participate in this study and through a convenience sampling, 60 puerperal women were recruited (30 in the experimental group, 30 in the control group). After measuring postpartum blues and maternal attachment, music therapy was provided to the experimental group over 40 min, once a day, and for 8 days. Then, postpartum blues and maternal attachment for the experimental and control group were measured again on the 8th day. The data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 Program. Results: The first hypothesis that "the degree of postpartum blues for the experimental group who participated in music therapy would be lower than that of the control group" was accepted (t=4.350, p<.001). The second hypothesis that "the degree of maternal attachment of the experimental group who participated in music therapy would be higher than that of the control group" was accepted (t=4.828, p<.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that music therapy has positive influences on decreasing postpartum blues and increasing maternal attachment of puerperal women.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music therapy on postpartum stress and maternal attachment of puerperal women. Methods: The participants were puerperal women who agreed to participate in this study and through a convenience sampling, 84 puerperal women were recruited (40 in the experimental group, 44 in the control group). After measuring postpartum stress and maternal attachment, music therapy was provided to the experimental group over 60min, three times a week, and for 2 weeks. Then, postpartum stress and maternal attachment for the experimental and control group were measured again before discharge. The data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: The first hypothesis that "the degree of postpartum stress for the experimental group who participated in music therapy would be lower than that of the control group" was accepted. The second hypothesis that "the degree of maternal attachment the experimental group who participated in music therapy would be higher than that of the control group" was accepted. Conclusion: These findings indicate that music therapy has positive influences on decreasing postpartum stress and increasing maternal attachment of puerperal women.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.43-57
• /
• 2011

Chronic mental-handicapped people are lacking in non-verbal expression such as eye contact, intonation, voice volume, facial expression, and gesture as well as the contents of speech, speak with a monotonous voice, fail to be vivid and clear in voice, and have absence of expression, thereby bringing about difficulty even for social adjustment and about low self-esteem. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to examine effectiveness for enhancing self-expression and self-esteem by applying music therapy to the chronic mental-handicapped. The subjects were the chronic mental-handicapped who receive rehabilitation service at the community rehabilitation center, and who have over 10 years in the duration of disease. 1he music therapy activity was progressed with totally 14 sessions during 7 weeks with twice a week. This study confirmed t-test that is verification of difference in the mean, in order to examine difference between before and after music therapy in self-expression and self-esteem of the chronic mental-handicapped, and researched into qualitative case. The findings are as follows. First, as a result of score in self-expression scale, the significant improvement was shown after music therapy compared to before music therapy. The significant difference was indicated in verbal self-expression, phonetic self-expression, and non-verbal self-expression, which are its sub-spheres. Thus, the conclusion was obtained as saying that music therapy is effective for enhancing self-expression. Second, as a result of score in self-esteem scale, the significant difference was shown after music therapy compared to before music therapy. Thus, the conclusion was obtained as saying that music therapy is effective for enhancing self-esteem. Through the above results, the music therapy showed effectiveness of self-expression ability and self-esteem in the chronic mental-handicapped at the community rehabilitation center, thereby having been confirmed to be possibly utilized as rehabilitation program for the social skill ability and the social adjustment of the chronic mental-handicapped.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.84-105
• /
• 2007

Cerebral palsy is a collection of motor disorders resulting from damage to the central nervous system that arise in multiple handicaps including cognitive disorders, speech disorders, epilepsy, perception disorders, and emotion disorders. Today spastic cerebral palsy has become more prevalent because intensive care for newborns has resulted in higher survival rates for very small premature babies. Since the children grow the fastest in order for a development during one year after birth, the therapeutic intervention is provided as early as possible to the children with cerebral palsy. After seven year old, there is no effect of intervention. So, the necessity of early intervention to spastic cerebral palsied infants is increasing. The purpose of this study is to develop the music therapy activity program using the techniques of neurological music therapy(NMT), the therapeutic application of music to dysfunctions due to neurologic disease of the human nervous system, for rudimentary movement phase of spastic cerebral palsied infant. This music therapy activity program was developed on the basis of the major developmental tasks of the rudimentary movement phase, the period that children can acquire the most basic movement function at the 0 to 2. Then the developmental characteristics of spastic cerebral palsy were applied to this music therapy activity program. This music therapy activity program was classified to three domains, those are stability, locomotion, and manipulation. This study has been consisted of three steps, those are the development of the activities, the evaluation of the activities by th panels, and the adjustment and complement of the activities. Reviewing literatures and interviews were done for the development of the activities, and the evaluation the activities was done by seven music therapists. In the evaluation steps, the questionnaire was used for estimating the content validity and application efficiency. The adjustment and complement of the activities were evaluated by the panels who were participating in the music therapy for cerebral palsied children in the clinical setting, and the results of the adjustment and complement were confirmed by the panels. The evaluation was presented in a mean value with the comment of the panels. In conclusion, the music therapy activity program for the spastic cerebral palsied infants using the techniques of NMT was developed on the basis of the major developmental tasks of the rudimentary movement phase. The program is comprised of 38 activities, those are 14 activities for developing the stability, 10 activities for developing the locomotion, and 14 activities for developing the manipulation. The programed activities would bring out the answers in the affirmative for the conformance with infants' development phase, the harmony between the objective and the activity, the conformance with the cerebral palsied infants, the properness of the music and the instruments, and the utility in the clinic field. This results mean that this developed music activity program is appropriate to help spastic cerebral palsied infants progress their movement development by stages.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.1-31
• /
• 2009

This study aims to conduct a music psychotherapy program on North Korean child defectors, who are experiencing acculturative stress, and to discover the effects of the program on the participants' acculturative stress. This study targeted four North Korean child defectors, who belonged to an H afterschool class in Seoul and performed the program in individual sessions for about 40 minutes per session, totaling 14 sessions. The research results include the following. First, after comparing the results of acculturative stress score that measured before and after the execution of the music psychotherapy program, the mean of the score was significantly decreased from 32.75 to 23 average. Furthermore, as a result of conducting a qualitative analysis of the lingual responses that the participants demonstrated in musical activity, in relation to acculturative stress, the participants were found to experience a positive change. These results imply that the music psychotherapy program offers consistent support through music to North Korean Child Defectors, who are cowering psychologically and experiencing difficulty in adaptation, and reinforces inner resources through their positive self-perception, which indicates that it can be an effective mediation in reducing their acculturative stress.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.61-77
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate music therapists'use and perception of computer-based music technology. Questionnaires were distributed either electronically or in-person to 367 music therapists with credentials. Of the 367 initially distributed questionnaires, 101 were returned and 61 were analyzed after excluding 40 incomplete responses. The survey was comprised of two sections: the use of music technology and perceived importance of music technology in music therapy practice. The results showed that 65.6% of the respondents had used music technology in their clinical practice. The most frequently used type of music technology was Finale, followed by Garage band, and Cubase. With regard to the areas where music technology was used, it was implemented primarily for adolescents for musical or emotional goals, and was applied most frequently as a musical resource. In addition, most respondents showed a positive attitude toward music technology and added that they would need to be trained to use music technology for their clinical practice. These results provide practical information on how music therapists use and perceive computer-based music technology, and its implication for music therapy clinical practice.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.212-221
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music therapy (Jang-Gu) on depression, stress, pain and body discomfort in women with osteoarthritis. Methods: The study is designed using one group pretest-posttest experimental design. 31 arthritis patients, the subjects of the group participated in the music therapy program. The program was provided for 12 weeks (two times per week). The questionnaires were used to measure the outcome variables before and after the program. Data were analyzed with the SPSS 17.0 using descriptive statistics, paired t-test. Results: Depression, Stress, Pain did not decrease. But body discomfort decreased (p=0.001). Conclusion: Therefore this program was effective in body discomfort and can be a community based self-help management program for arthritis patient.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.153-163
• /
• 2011

This study was to investigate the effects of percussion program on depression and self-esteem for the elderly lived in residential care. 12 older adults participated in the 40-min. percussion program for 4 weeks(10 sessions). The percussion program consisted of three steps; 1) introduction for creating rapport and relationship, 2) process for mood induction and increasing interaction, and ending for increasing self-achievement and confirming the changed mood. Korean Geriatric Depression Scale (KGDS) and Self-Esteem Scale (SES) were administered before the first session and after the completion of the program. Results showed statistical significance (p<.05) in KGDS (p=.020) and SES (p=.025). Findings imply that percussion program can induce positive changes in depression and self-esteem for elderly in the residential care, and more depressed elderly group may have better outcome in percussion playing. Future studies should consider various levels of depression among elderly, and design the program to be more sensitive to the level of functioning.