• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.222-224
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• 2004

Sodam oyster mushroom(Pleurotus ostreatus were bred in Mushroom Research Institute, Gyonggi Province A.R.E.S in 2002. Sodam oyster mushroom were bred and cultivated one after mating single spores collected from Aenutari 1-ho and Suhan 1-ho. The major characteristics of the mushroom are showing a lot of pinheadings, the gray-colored and shallow cornhead-shaped pileus. Around 20 days at $20^{\circ}C$ were required for incubation of Sodam and the yield was shown high by 148.2g/bottle. As the activity of hypha is so strong, the proper time of pinheading is demanded.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 1973

Among the factors which affect the mushroom yield, this investigation was aimed to confim the relationship between nitrogen content of rice straw compost and crop yield, residual ammonia content and yield. In this investigation the nitrogen content in dry weight of compost ranged from 1.10 to 2.06% and the residual ammonia content between 0.01 and 0.8% at spawning according to the sources of organic or inorganic nitrogen and the formulas of compost materials. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The relationship between nitrogen content of rice straw compost and mushroom yield was represented by the formula: y=13.95+0.048$(r=0.68^{**})$. 2. Nitrogen content and mushroom yield of compost supplemented with organic nitrogen sources were increased as compared with control or inorganic treatments. 3. The relationship between the residual ammonia content and mushroom yield is represented by the formula: $y=0.38086-0.011948+0.00012x^2(r=-0.75^{**})$. In order to obtain high cropping yield the residual ammonia content at spawning should be below 0.03% (expressed as nitrogen content). 4. Application of ammonium sulfate increased the nitrogen content of compost slightly, but the residual ammonia content was increased considerably and yield decreased. On the other hand, the residual ammonia content of urea treatment was low and increased mushroom yield remarkably.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.120-124
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• 2020

This study was conducted to provide basic data for setting a standard medium for winter mushroom cultivation. Investigation of medium composition in winter mushroom farms in Korea revealed that the types of medium used for each farm were slightly different and that the mixing ratio of the medium also varied. All farmers used corncob, rice bran, and beet pulp as the main media, and calcium carbonate and ground oyster shells were used at 1.0~3.8% to adjust the pH of the medium. Analysis of the physicochemical properties of the mixed media showed nitrogen content of 1.28~1.52%, carbon content of 45.7~48.5%, and C/N ratio of 30.7~37.9. The content of inorganic components was significantly different in each farm, depending on the type and amount of minerals in the mixed medium. Mycelial growth was the fastest at Farm 2, reaching 6.5 cm within 34 days of culture, followed by Farm 4 at 5.7 cm, whereas Farm 1, 3, and 5 showed similar growth. Mycelial density was high without any significant difference between farms. Survey of yield according to medium composition in each farm showed the highest yield in Farm 2 at 173.4 g/bottle, followed by Farm 1 at 168.4 g/bottle, whereas Farm 3 and 4 showed similar yield. However, Farm 4 had the lowest yield at 145.4 g/bottle. Therefore, mushroom yield was different depending on the medium composition in the farm, and thus selection of a medium that can be used universally in multiple mushroom farms was considered possible.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine the minimal yield of spent mushroom substrates (SMS) and physicochemical characteristics of Pleurotus ryngii, Pleurotus osteratus and Ammulina velutipes according to mushroom species and cultivation types. The annual yield of SMS in 2004 was minimally 1,670,182M/T and 10.7-fold of the mushroom yield. The yield of SMS for Pleurotus ryngii, Pleurotus osteratus and Ammulina velutipes was 972,141M/T and was 58.2% of the total yield of SMS. Data from the chemical analysis of totally 109 SMS samples revealed that bed type cultivation showed low NDF (65.2%), high NFC (12.7%) and high ash (11.5%) contents (P<0.05), resulting in better nutritional characteristics compared with bottle or vinyl bag cultivation. In general, it was more desirable to classify SMS by cultivation types rather than by mushroom species for the effective use of SMS as an animal feed. Among cultivation types, SMS from bed type cultivation needed to be preferably used as feed.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.589-602
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• 2011

In this study, experiments were conducted to determine the effect of different compost teas on plant growth reponses and yield of leaf lettuce. Compost tea is a liquid extract of compost obtained by mixing compost and water for a defined period of time. The pig manure and spent mushroom compost were made by steeping compost in water. Compost tea was aerated from 24 hours and molasses and kelp were added as supplements. The four types of compost were tested growth of lettuce. EC of animal manure compost tea was higher than that of spent mushroom compost tea. Mineral nutrients were significantly higher in animal manure compost tea compared with spent mushroom compost tea. Compost tea contains nutrient and a ranges of different organisms. The beneficial fungi and actinomycetes were prominent in a spent mushroom compost tea. Compost tea from animal manure had the higher numbers of total bacteria. The actinomycetes densities were high in spent mushroom compost tea. But actinomycetes were not founded in animal manure compost tea. The growth characteristics of lettuce in animal manure compost tea were higher than those of spent mushroom compost tea. And also SPAD value in leaf was high in plot treated with animal manure compost tea. The fresh yield of lettuce in animal compost tea was higher by 181% that of control plot. The effect of compost tea on growth of lettuce was largely attributable to mineral nutrient.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 2014

The experiments were conducted to provide information on the chemical concentrations and cultural characteristics in the periods of hyphal incubation, primordial formation, and fruiting bodies yield of winter mushroom, Flammulina velutipes at the mixture ratio of the raw materials. Substrates were analyzed for pH, total carbon (T-C), total nitrogen (T-N), and C/N ratio. In case of Flammulina velutipes, yield of fruiting bodies were 190.5 g/850 ml in the substrates, [Corn-cob + Rice bran + Soybean curd residue (75:20:5)], which was increased 20.4% more than the control, [Douglas fir sawdust + Rice bran (75:25)]. But the periods of hyphal incubation took 28 days, which was 7 days longer than the control. Also, in the substrates [Douglas fir sawdust + Rice bran + Soybean curd residue (75:20:5)], the yields was 172.7 g/850 ml and the periods of hyphal incubation was 21 days.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.124-134
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• 2010

This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of using softwood as the sawdust medium for Lentinula edodes cultivation, effect of nutrient on the mycelial growth, spawning, the mushroom yield, and quality. The nitrogen nutrition significantly enhanced the mycelial growth of L. edodes. The glutamic acid in the L. leptolepis and P. koraiensis, and asparagine in the P. densiflora were appeared to slight increase in the mycelial growth. The vegetable oil showed very effective on the mycelial growth in the P. koraiensis sawdust medium. Carbon/nitrogen ratio of all the test was reduced after mycelial growth. The mycelial growth was exclusively dependent on reduction of carbon. The mushroom yield (32.7%) of the P. densiflora sawdust medium (carbon source: 3% active carbon, nitrogen source: 0.4% asparagines) was the best in mushroom production of L. edodes, followed by the Q. variabilis sawdust (35.4%) of the control medium. The diameter of mushroom cap was obtained from the P. densiflora sawdust (carbon source: 3% sucrose, nitrogen source: 0.4% potassium nitrate) and P. koraiensis sawdust (carbon source: 3% sucrose, nitrogen source: 0.4% potassium nitrate), and the P. koraiensis sawdust (carbon source: 3% xylose, nitrogen source: 0.4% glutamic acid, supplement: 0.05% amino acid), with values 71.5 mm, 71.5 mm and 72.1 mm, respectively. In the polypropylene bag cultivation, the weight losses of the block medium gradually increased for 80 days in the dark (13.8~16.8%) and then became stable in the range of 20.7~25.8%.

• Mycobiology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.115-118
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• 2004

A composting technique was assessed to enhance efficiency in oyster mushroom substrate. Poplar sawdusts and by-product of winter mushroom added by 10% of rice bran were composted outdoors at $20^{\circ}C$ to $28^{\circ}C$ for 12 days. The duration of fermentation was shortened 3 days in fermented sawdust plot. The yield obtained from waste cotton substrate with fermented poplar sawdust was 742 g, whereas the yield from control 663 g. In addition, the substrate with by-product of winter mushroom was the most effective to composting. It was useful to apply the fermented sawdust and by-product to waste cotton for compost and sporophore production of oyster mushroom.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.287-291
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• 2020

The nutritional value and yield of mushrooms depend on the substrate on which it is grown. This study sought to biofortify Pleurotus floridanus with calcium supplements and assess its effect on the yield and calcium levels. The experiment was set up in a 2 × 5 factorial and replicated thrice in a completely randomized design. Two calcium supplements, OML and OMW, were added to two growth media. The examination of total dry weight yield showed that calcium supplements OML and OMW in the sawdust medium containing wheatbran in the ratio 1:10 had a mean value of 4.37 g, which was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in the control (1.29 g). However, in the sawdust-only medium, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the application of treatments. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed between the calcium types in both growth media. The mineral analysis showed that calcium levels were increased in harvested mushrooms with the addition of calcium OML and OMW to the growth media.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.71-75
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• 2007

'Sunjung', a new variety of golden oyster mushroom was bred in Mushroom Research Institute, Gyeonggido Agricultural Research & Extension Services in 2006. This oyster mushroom was selected one which mate with monokaryon collected from KME20064 and KME20066. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was about 26 ~$28^{\circ}C$ and that for the primordia and growth of fruitbody was about $18{\sim}23^{\circ}C$. Compared to the control which took 25 days of incubation period, Sunjung required 21~22days. It grew primordia after developed a lump of mycelium. In the characteristics of fruit body, pileus was infundibuliform of yellow-color and stripe was slender/long shape of white color. The yield was 112.9g/850cc bottle and 275.5g/2kg P.P bag.