• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.152-160
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• 2024

We analyzed risk factors of coastal gillnet fishers during fishing process and considered work safety measures to reduce safety accidents during fishing using a UWB (ultra wideband) based positioning system. The static position accuracy of the UWB based positioning system was 45 cm. When entering a port, there is a risk of falling overboard. When casting a net, there was a risk of falling overboard due to being hit by fishing gear or guards, or getting caught in a buoy line or sinker line. When hauling a net, there is a risk of getting caught between fishing gear and net hauler, and the risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to repetitive work over a long period of time. Most safety accidents during work on fishing boats are blamed on human errors of the fisher and skipper, but safety accidents occur due to a mixture of mechanical and equipment factors, work and environmental factors, and management factors in addition to human errors. Therefore, the 4E were presented as countermeasures against the 4M, which are causes of safety accidents, and the proposed measures were used to identify risk factors for operation process, comply with work safety rules, and ensure the wearing of personal protective equipments. We need to reduce safety accidents during work by making it part of our daily routine. These research results can be used in the future for optimal placement of fishing gear and fishing nets in other coastal industries where safety accidents occur frequently.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.687-694
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• 2012

Objective: This study aims to survey the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders(MSD) among Korean hospital workers and to analyze the relationship of MSD symptoms and workload perceived by workers. Background: Despite of high exposure to the MSD risk factors and high MSD symptom prevalence among health care workers, there were not enough studies of MSD prevalence among the hospital workers. Method: This study designed a survey based on Nordic questionnaire to obtain MSD symptoms and the degree of four perceived workloads: work repetition, urgency, physical exertion and satisfaction. In this survey, 1,846 workers in a hospital participated. The prevalence of MSD was analyzed for each body part, and MSD cases, which were predetermined in this study, were identified. The relationship between the MSD cases and each perceived workload was analyzed using chi-square test. Results: The pain in the shoulder was the most prevalent among the workers as 52%, and the low back(37%) and leg discomfort(36%) followed. The MSD cases, in which degree of pain was more than severe, were also the most prevalent in the shoulder(13%). Female workers had higher rate of MSD cases than the males. Among the four workload variables, the physical exertion was the statistically related to MSD cases for all the body parts. In addition, the others also had significant relation to MSD cases except one or two body parts. Conclusion: This study found that Korean hospital workers had MSD symptoms mainly in the shoulder, low back and legs in order, and the perceived workload surveyed in this study was highly correlated with MSD symptoms. Application: This study provides another evidence that subjective physical exertion perceived by workers is an important factor to explain MSD cases as same as the objective one.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2016

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relation between key strike forces and musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS). Moreover, this study presents a key strike force measurement method to be used in a workplace setting. The correlation between key strike force characteristics and MSS was previously studied, but the measurement methods used either a single-key switch or force platforms applied under the keyboard. Most of the studies were conducted in a laboratory setting. The uniqueness of measurement methods in the current study is their ability to measure forces applied to a specific key in a workplace setting and to provide more information about specific key strike forces during typing. Methods: Twenty-four healthy computer workers were recruited for the study. The demographic questionnaire, and self-reported questionnaires for psychosocial status (General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work) and for detecting MSS were filled up, which later helped in dividing the participants into two groups (12 participants with pain and 12 without pain). Participants typed a predetermined text that utilized the instrumented keys multiple times. The dynamic forces applied to the keys were recorded and collected, using four thin and flexible force sensors attached to the preselected keys according to their location. Results: The results demonstrated that participants with high levels of MSS, specifically in the back and neck, in the last year exerted significantly higher key strike forces than those with lower levels of symptoms (p < 0.005). Conclusion: The key strike force exerted while typing on a keyboard may be a risk factor for MSS, and should therefore be considered in ergonomic evaluations and interventional programs.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.543-549
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• 2020

Background: The working conditions of bus drivers are difficult; they lead to occupational diseases and require careful study, particularly in Ukraine. The objective of the article is the description of occupational health risks of passenger bus drivers that lead to deteriorating health. Methods: The risk assessment was performed using a modified Risk Score method, which allowed determining the generalized level of danger to the driver's health. The hygienic hazards level was assessed as based on Stevenson's law, which was generalized later. Results: Based on the modification of the Risk Score method, it was possible to depart from expert assessments method of the risk level and calculate the general indicator based on the degree of dependence of the impact on the human body on its intensity, proposed by V. Minko. This allows objective determining of the impact of hygiene hazards on the health of the driver and to predict the occurrence of occupational diseases associated with the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, and partial or complete disability due to the accumulation of emotional fatigue. The hazard assessment was carried out for three brands of passenger buses common in Ukraine, in which the driver is exposed to the dangers of fever, vibration, noise, harmful impurities in the bus cabin, and emotional load. Conclusion: The health of drivers in the cabins of passenger buses is most affected by hygiene hazards: fever, vibration, and emotional stress. The generalized level of risk is calculated by the modified method of Risk Score is 0.83; -0.99, -0.92 respectively.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2008

본 연구는 방사선사를 대상으로 신체 부위별 근골격계 질환의 유병률과 이런 증상에 영향을 주는 요인을 파악함으로써 방사선사의 직업성 근골격계 질환을 예방하고 관리하는데 목적이 있고 조사대상으로 대전광역시에 소재한 5개 종합병원의 현 근무부서에 1년 이상 근무하고 있는 방사선사 219명을 대상, 조사기간은 2007년 6월 13일부터 2007년 6월 27일까지였고, 설문지는 전체 방사선사 219명 중 180명에게 무작위로 배부하였으며, 그 중 143명을 분석대상으로 하였다. 조사는 자기기입식 설문서(self-administered questionnaire)를 이용하였고 조사 내용은 근골격계 자각증상부위 및 증상 유해 요인에 대해 구성해 보았다. 자각증상에 대한 조사는 미국의 국립산업안전보건연구소(National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; NIOSH)에서 정한 근골격계 증상 기준을 근거로 한국 산업안전공단(2003)에서 작성한 근골격계 부담 작업 유해요인 조사지침(KOSHA code H-30-2003)의 근골격계 질환 증상조사표를 이용하였고 증상 유해 요인은 노동부 고시 2003-24의 11가지 부담 작업 기준을 가지고 유해 요인 조사 항목에 사용하였다. 분석 방법은 각 신체 부위별 증상에 영향을 주는 요인의 교차비를 계산하기 위하여 증상호소 유무를 종속 변수로 하고, 일반적 변수 및 다른 변수들을 보정한 상태에서 노동부 고시 작업 부담 11개 항목을 독립변수로 하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 다음으로 11개 항목 중 신체 부위별로 통계적으로 유의한 변수들만 선택하여 Forward Wald 방법을 이용한 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하여 각 위험 요인의 교차비를 계산하였다. 통계분석은 SPSSWIN(버젼 12.0)통계 프로그램을 사용하였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.819-829
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• 2010

By referring thirty-seven previous studies on manual material handling (MMH), this paper analyzed guidelines and main factors of one-handed tasks. The previous studies concerned main factors of distance, weight, frequency, posture, gender, age, training, direction of force, height of the force exerted, and object shape and size. Based on these factors, the criteria used to understand one-handed tasks were objective measures of maximum strength, reaction force, etc., psychophysical measures of maximum acceptable frequency and weight, etc., and physiological measures of oxygen uptake, heart rate, electromyography, etc. An allowance threshold model regarding quantitative and objective fatigue and workload would be suggested for future research. This study would be expected that it serve to establish and Korean recommendations of one-handed tasks.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2001

The purpose of human factor study is to help the people in good conditions, and to increase the efficiency of physical productivity and mental creativity Also for the furniture design field, the applications of human scale dimensions are considered as the very important aspects. For the design of the office systems furniture, designer must consider the onveniences of variable users as much as possible. To design the office systems for the various work environment, it is necessary to analyze the human scale dimensions according to the furniture items and the user behaviors. In these days, many countries are interested about the workplace ergonomic regulations to reduce a class of injuries called ‘Musculoskeletal Disorders(MSDs)’ by controlling risk factors. In this study, I intend to research and to analyze the features of human scale dimensions and the user behaviors of office environment, and propose some office furniture design tips.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.209-219
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• 2019

이 연구는 치과위생사의 직무스트레스와 상지의 근골격계 기능 장애의 관련성을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 연구 대상자는 부산·경남 지역의 병원급 이상, 치과의원에 근무하는 치과위생사를 220명을 편의 표집하여 설문지를 배포한 후 최종 수거된 200부에서 응답이 부실한 2부를 제외하고 최종적으로 198명의 자료를 분석하였다. 설문문항으로는 일반적 특성, 직무스트레스, 작업관련 상지 근골격계 통증, 동작수행능력에 따른 기능평가 문항으로 구성하였다. 치과위생사의 대한 상지근골격계질환 통증은 목 39.4%, 어깨 54.6%, 팔/팔꿈치 14.7%, 손/손목/손가락 50.0% 였다. 그리고, 상지의 기능 장애는 치과위생사에서 호발하는 건강관련 문제로 불편한 작업자세와 상지 부위별 근골격계 통증을 보정하더라도 직무스트레스와 유의한 관련이 있었다. 즉, 팔꿈치를 굽혔다 펴는 반복 작업, 팔꿈치 부위에 통증이 있는 경우외에도 직무스트레스 역시 상지의 기능 장애와 관련이 있었다. 치과위생사의 직무스트레스는 이들의 상지 기능 장애로 이어져 결과적으로 의료서비스의 저하로 이어지므로, 장단기 계획하에 근무환경개선 등을 통하여 직무 스트레스를 감소시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색하여야 할 것이다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in erect spinae activities at different height of table during ultrasound therapy in order to propose a optimum work environment. METHODS: Twenty five healthy adult males and females volunteered to participate in this study. EMG signals of both erector spinae(T10, T12, L2, L4) were recorded throught the surface electromyography system at different height of table(45cm, 56.2cm, 67.5cm) during ultrasound therapy work. RESULTS: The higher table heights was, the lower %RVC of the T10, T12, L2, L4 erect spinae at both sides. The left and right T10, T12 and the left L4 showed significant differences. The lower the spinal level was, the higher %RVC of both erect spinae at 45cm, 56.2cm, 67.5cm. The left erect spinae at 56.2cm, right erect spinae at 45cm, 67.5cm showed significant differences. CONCLUSION: The muscle activities of both erect spinae decreased at higher table height and increased lower spinal level. We identified lower table height are risk factor of spine work related musculoskeletal disorders.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2010

A structure of line for producing products is variously changing to be automatic and one-person Cell-Line considering the physical burden for workers in manufacturing industry of electronic goods. However, workers tend to still accuse Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (including shoulder, waist, hand, wrist, leg etc.) as a simply repeated work by accelerating of the production speed for productivity improvement in the assembly line. Thus manufacturing engineers in charge of changing and set up newly for an assembly line are necessary to the construct of the guideline on human engineering. Especially. There is no standardized engineering-guide and it is difficult to create the exact work environment because the risk factor analysis and the improvement for assembly line are executed once a year on the current situation. I'd like to reduce the physical burden on workers through the effective improvement of processing by the guideline on working environment fit for a characteristic on manufacturing process when the process is changed or newly installed.