• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cross-sectional areas of the paraspinal and psoas muscles with low back pain. Methods : We assessed the cross-sectional area of the psoas and paraspinal muscles at the superior part of L4 level and vertebral body of L4 of 132 patients who were hospitalized with a chief complaint of low back pain at Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine from January 2013 to April 2013. After calculating the mean psoas area, we divided the patients into 2 groups by whether the psoas cross section was larger or smaller than the mean, and compared the admission period, verbal numeric rating scale(NRS) of low back pain(LBP), and improvement of verbal NRS of LBP. We also subcategorized the patients into acute and chronic groups according to the duration period, and compared the cross-sectional area of the psoas and paraspinal muscles. Results : Although analyses of the verbal NRS of LBP, and improvement of verbal NRS of LBP between groups with larger and smaller psoas cross section areas showed no significant difference, the admission period was significantly shorter in the group with larger psoas cross section areas. There was no significant difference in analyses of cross section areas in the acute and chronic groups. Of the possible prognostic variables, improvement of verbal NRS of LBP showed no correlation, while the admission period displayed a significant correlation. The cross-sectional area of the psoas and paraspinal muscles divided by the area of the vertebral body of L4 had a significant negative correlation with age. Conclusions : The cross-sectional area of the psoas and paraspinal muscles were correlated with the admission period in LBP patients, and the cross-sectional area of the surrounding muscles divided by the area of the L4 vertebral body was negatively correlated with age.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2013

This study analyzes how different knee flexion angles affect the abdominal and pelvic muscle activity during supine bridging. Twenty healthy subjects participated in the study. We used surface electromyography (EMG) to measure how three different knee flexion angles ($100^{\circ}$, $70^{\circ}$, and $40^{\circ}$) affected the activity of the transverse abdominis/internal oblique (TrA/IO), external oblique (EO), biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), and gluteus maximus (GM) muscles on the dominant side during supine bridging. The one-way repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the statistical significance of TrA/IO, EO, BF, RF and GM muscle activity and the GM/BF activity ratio. For the TrA/IO, EO, BF, and GM muscles, supine bridging with different knee flexion angles resulted in significant differences in abdominal and pelvic muscle activity. For the TrA/IO muscles, the post-hoc test demonstrated that muscle activity significantly increased at $40^{\circ}$ compared to $70^{\circ}$; however, there were no significant differences between $100^{\circ}$ and $70^{\circ}$ or $100^{\circ}$ and $40^{\circ}$. For the EO muscle, the post-hoc test demonstrated that muscle activity significantly increased at $40^{\circ}$ compared to $100^{\circ}$ and $70^{\circ}$; no significant difference was observed between angles $100^{\circ}$ and $70^{\circ}$. For the BF muscle, the post-hoc test demonstrated that muscle activity significantly increased according to the knee flexion angle ($40^{\circ}$ > $70^{\circ}$ > $100^{\circ}$). For the GM muscle, the post-hoc test demonstrated that muscle activity significantly increased according to the knee flexion angle ($100^{\circ}$ > $70^{\circ}$ > $40^{\circ}$). However, for the RF muscle, there was no significant difference. Additionally, the GM/BF activity ratio significantly increased according to the knee flexion angle ($100^{\circ}$ > $70^{\circ}$ > $40^{\circ}$). From these results, we can conclude that bridging with a knee flexion of $100^{\circ}$ can strengthen the GM muscle, whereas bridging with a knee flexion of $40^{\circ}$ is recommended to strengthen the IO, EO, and BF muscles. We can also conclude that knee flexion angles should be modified during supine bridging to increase the muscle activity of different target muscles.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.65-75
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in muscle thickness and ground reaction force of the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateral oblique muscles during squats at ankle angles of toe 0°, toe in 10°, and toe out 10°. Methods: In this study, 9 male and 17 female students in their 20s participated in a randomized controlled trial and were compared according to the ankle angles of toe 0°, toe in 10°, and toe out 10°. To determine the reliability and measurement of muscle thickness according to ankle angle using ultrasound equipment and muscle thickness, the participants' ankle angles-toe 0°, toe in 10°, and toe out 10°-were measured three times at the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis oblique muscles during squats. At the same time, the maximum vertical ground reaction force was measured with a force plate. A total of three measurements were taken and averaged, and two minutes of squat movements were assessed between ankle angles to prevent target action. Results: The results of this study illustrated that the reliability of the vastus medialis oblique muscles and vastus lateralis oblique muscles in ankle angle was high. The difference in muscle thickness was significantly greater in comparing the toe out 10° angle with the toe 0° angle than between toe in 10° and toe out 10° in vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis oblique (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the ankle angle of toe 0° and toe in 10° (p > 0.05). The maximum vertical ground reaction force was significantly greater at toe out 10° than at the ankle angle of toe 0° and toe out 10° and between toe in 10° and toe out 10° (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison between toe 0° and toe in 10° (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Squatting at an ankle angle of toe out 10° increases the dorsi flexion; thus, the stability of the ankle and the thickness of both oblique muscles increased to perform more effective squats. In addition, as the base of support widens, it is thought that the stability of the posture increases so that squat training can be performed safely.

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.187-197
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the changes in the muscle activity of the trunk stabilizer muscles before and after incorporating Pilates breathing during three types of Pilates chair exercises. Methods: This study included 33 healthy men and women in their 20's; they were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. sEMG was used to measure the changes in the muscle activity in the internal oblique/transverse abdominis, rectus abdominis, and erector spinae during the three types of Pilates chair movements (footwork, twist footwork, and bridging) without and with the Pilates breathing integration. The muscle activities of the trunk stabilizers between without and with Pilates breathing were statistically analyzed and compared. Results: The internal oblique/transverse abdominis showed an increase and a significant difference in the muscle activity in all three movements of footwork, twist footwork, and bridging after the Pilates breathing integration (p<.001). The muscle activity of the rectus abdominis (p<.05) and the erector spinae (p<.05) also increased and showed a significant difference after the Pilates breathing incorporation, except in the bridging movement for the erector spinae. The increase in the rate after integrating Pilates breathing was relatively greater in internal oblique/transverse abdominis than in other muscles. Conclusion: When Pilates breathing was applied, the activities of the trunk stabilizer muscles increased significantly and immediately in all three movements of Pilates chair footwork, twist footwork, and bridging. This means that the use of breathing is expected to have a positive and immediate effect on the activation of trunk stabilizers, thus indicating that it can possibly be an effective re-enforcing tool to promote trunk stability when it is integrated to the Pilates chair exercise. Incorporating Pilates breathing also seemed to have a tendency to activate the deep trunk stabilizer muscles more than the superficial stabilizer muscles.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.543-551
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 스마트 폰을 사용(≥ 60분/일)하는 건강한 20대 남성 50명을 대상으로 두부의 움직임에 직접 관여하는 경추부 근육(두판상근, 흉쇄유돌근, 상부승모근)에 연부조직 측정기 Myoton을 이용하여 스마트 폰 사용정도와 경추부 근육의 기계적 속성의 관련성을 규명하려는 목적으로 수행되었다. 스마트 폰 사용정도는 전용의 중독 척도설문지를 이용하였다. 경추부 근육의 기계적 속성은 Myoton을 이용하여 근 긴장도(frequency), 동강성(stiffness), 점탄성(decrement), 근변형률(creep) 및 회복시간(relaxation)의 반영지표를 각각 산출하였다. 스마트 폰 사용에 의한 중독 점수와 경추부 근육의 기계적 속성을 반영하는 각 지표와의 관련성을 평가하기 위해 상관분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 기계적 속성을 반영한 모든 parameters의 변동계수는 각각 2% 미만이었으며, 측정자 신뢰도인 급내상관계수 역시 높은 신뢰성이 도출되었다(ICC>.9, p<.01). 스마트 폰 중독점수는 상부승모근의 근 긴장도(r=.353, p<.05)와 동강성(r=.346, p<.05), 흉쇄유돌근의 점탄성(r=-.284, p<.05)과 근 변형률(r=.288, p<.05)과의 유의미한 상관이 나타났고, 특히 두부 통증과 관련된 두판상근의 근 긴장도(r=-.368, p<.01), 점탄성(r=-.405, p<.01), 동강성(r=-.424, p<.01)과의 높은 상관계수로 스마트 폰 과사용과 밀접한 관련성을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 젊은 남성들에 있어서 스마트 폰 과사용은 경추부 근 손상과 통증 및 두통에 유의미한 관련성이 있음을 간접적으로 시사하며, Myoton은 경추부 근육 성질을 예측 및 평가할 수 있는 유용한 기기임을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 1992

This paper describes a quantitative analysis of electromyography (EMG) measured from seven subjects performing four seated dynamic tasks. EMG signals were mom- bored using 15 surface electrodes which were placed on selected trunk and lower extrmity muscles of the right side of the body. Each EMG signal was then processed through rectification, integration, and filtering. Based on the maximum level of the processed EMG, it was found that the trunk and ankle muscles play an important role on the postural control during the seated tasks.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.323-325
• /
• 1987

The concentrations of glucose and glycogen in the normal gastrocnemius muscles of Uromastix hardwickii were $88.82{\pm}4.52\;mg/100\;gm$ and $158.98{\pm}23.19\;mg/100gm$ of wet weight of the muscle, respectively. 14-days denervation period has no any effect on glucose contents while the glycogen concentration was decreased to 1/3 of the normal control innervated muscles.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1993년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); Seoul National University, Seoul; 20-22 Oct. 1993
• /
• pp.1047-1051
• /
• 1993

A fuzzy controller of a manipulator with artificial rubber muscles is proposed. The fuzzy logic controller as a compensator is described to control the trajectory tracking of a -two link manipulator, where computed torque control method has already assumed to be applied. We shows that the fuzzy compensator with a simple adaptive scaling technique is effective for the robust control when there exist model uncertainties and/or untuned feedback gains. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is illustrated by some experimental results for a circular path tracking.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국감성과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.11-15
• /
• 2002

Activities of venter frontalis, corrugator, levator labii superioris and greater zygomatic muscles were measured for five male subjects while they made pleasant, unpleasant and neutral facial expressions, and while they were presented pleasant, disgusting, and neutral odors. Pleasant expression and odor activated zygomatic muscles while unpleasant expression and odor increased corrugator muscle activity.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.631-637
• /
• 1993

In the previous report, it was described that the butanol fraction of the root bark extract of Aralia elata had potent antigastritic and antiulcerative effects in rats, In this pharmacological profile, the fraction revealed low acute toxicities in mice and rats, no central nervous system activities, moderate analgesic action, weak inhibitory action in carrageenin edema of rats and no direct effects on isolated smooth muscles of rats and guinea-pigs. Slight lowering of blood pressure as given i.v. in rabbit was observed.