• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2016

최근 전세계적으로 지역사회 기원 메티실린내성 황색포도알균(CA-MRSA)에 의한 피부연부조직 감염증이 증가하고 있다. 16개월의 한국 여아가 생후 6개월부터 시작된 반복되는 피부연부조직 감염증을 주소로 내원하였다. 환아의 가족들도 환아와 비슷한 시기에 피부연부조직 감염증의 병력이 있었다. 환아의 혈중 면역글로불린 및 NBT 검사는 정상이었고, 피부 병변 외에는 가족 모두 건강하였다. 환아의 감염증 부위의 고름 배양 및 비강 내 보균 검사시 모두 PVL genes을 생성하는 CA-MRSA ST714 SCCmec type IV가 확인되었고, 이는 ST30의 single locus variant로서 국내에서는 보고된 적이 없는 MRSA의 유전형이다. 환아와 함께, 환아의 균주와 동일 항생제 감수성 양상을 보이는 MRSA 보균자인 환아부에게 재발 방지를 위해서 비강내 mupirocin 5일 요법을 시행하였고 이후 10개월간 추가적인 재발은 없었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.447-455
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• 2013

Objectives: This study aims to understand the concentration, diversity, and antibiotic characteristics of staphylococci present in the indoor air of child-care facilities. Methods: Air sampling was performed from October 2012 to January 2013 in 120 child-care facilities in Seoul, Korea. Methicillin-resistant bacteria were selected from the total obtained airborne bacteria and subjected to 16S rRNA analysis for methicillin-resistant staphylococcal species determination. Identified staphylococcal strains were tested for resistance to a range of antibiotics. Results: Average total airborne bacterial concentration was $508.9{\pm}246.3CFU/m^3$. Indoor concentration of total airborne bacteria had a significant positive correlation with the $CO_2$ concentration in the child-care facilities. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci were present in 13.3% of the child-care facilities studied. A total of four species (S. epidermidis, S. cohnii, S. saprophyticus, S. sp.) and 55 strains were identified from the indoor air of the child-care facilities. Staphylococcus cohnii was the most common species (54.5%), followed by S. epidermidis (38.2%). All of the isolated staphylococcal strains exhibited high resistance to oxacillin, erythromycin, mupirocin, and ceftizoxime. Especially, S. saprophyticus strains showed more multidrug resistance to oxacillin, vancomycin, clindamycin, erythromycin, lincomycin, ceftizoxime, mupirocin, and tetracycline than did other species. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that a monitoring system for multidrug-resistant bacteria is needed in facilities for children, as the community-associated infections of these bacteria are increasing.

• 약학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2009

Community-acquired antimicrobial resistant bacteria are an emerging problem whole world-wide. Generally, Hands are main mediator of pathogen transmission as compared with other body parts. So, the purpose of this research was to investigate the microbiological quality and antimicrobial susceptibilities of samples which were collected from the door knob and surface in public- and home-facilities, and also hand. Of total 191 samples, 71 samples (37%) were shown to be of high-level total bacterial count (>$10^8\;CFU/cm^2$). And presence of Staphylococcus and Enteric bacilli was observed in 61 samples (32%) and 76 samples (40%), respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of staphylococcal isolates from the samples were tested for six different antimicrobial agents, which are in wide spread clinical use in Korea, as well as four new antimicrobials, daptomycin, linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin and tigecycline. Among staphylococcal isolates, antimicrobial resistance were observed in oxacillin (n=6), mupirocin (n=7), vancomycin (n=1), quinupristin/dalfopristin (n=2) and gentamicin (n=5). Fortunately, all the isolates were susceptible to new antimicrobial such as daptomycin, linezolid and tigecycline. Furthermore 4 Enterococcus faecalis were isolated from four hand samples, and all these isolates exhibited multidrug resistance to four different antimicrobial (oxacillin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, mupirocin, gentamicin). Also, 5 Escherichia coli were isolated from surface in home (n=3), door knob in public facilities (n=1) and hand (n=1). Escherichia coli isolated from hand was high-level resistant to tigecycline ($128{\mu}g$/ml) and gentamicin ($64{\mu}g$/ml).

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.85-88
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• 2006

항문주위 연쇄구균성 피부염(perianal streptococcal dermatitis, PSD)은 종종 다른 소아 항문주위 질환과 혼돈되어 잘못된 치료로 질병을 악화시키므로 빠르고 정확한 진단이 중요하다. 조기 진단과 치료는 환아의 불편과 부모의 스트레스를 경감시키며, 항생제 투여를 빨리 할수록 증상이 극적으로 빨리 호전된다. 저자들은 드물지는 않지만 현실적으로 잘 알려져 있지 않은 항문주위 연쇄구균성 피부염 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.542-544
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• 2023

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Z0118SP0130 was isolated from eye specimen of a companion dog in South Korea. The complete genome of Z0118SP0130 consisted of a 2,663,277 bp chromosome and there was no plasmid. The strain was identified as the sequence type 45 and contained a mecA gene which comprised of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type Vb (5C2&5). Antimicrobial resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, mupirocin, oxacillin, streptomycin, and gentamicin was observed in the strain.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.545-547
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• 2023

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a normal flora of human skin and is occasionally associated with pathogenic infections. We report the complete genome sequence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain Z0118SE0272 isolated from the residential environment sharing by a companion dog and dwellers. Resistance to cefoxitin was observed in the strain, whereas it was susceptible to erythromycin, clindamycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, mupirocin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, and tigecycline. The strain Z0118SE0272 identified as sequence type 130 possessed the mecA gene responsible for methicillin resistance, which composed the new type of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec elements lacking mecRI.

• 약학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2006

VISA and VRE are the main causes of surgical infection, urinary tract infections and bacteremia in hospitals. In this study; we selected VISA (Vancomycin Intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus) isolated from the clinical isolates. One of the isolated strains indicated the high resistance to severel anti-biotics (Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, Mupirocin, Synercid, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Lincomycin, Cefotaxim, Meropenem). Antimicrobial activity of Bifidobacterium spp. against VISA and VRE were measured. About $10^4$ cells of VISA or VRE were mixed with 1,5 and 9 ml of Bifidobacterium and the final volume was adjusted to 10 ml with brain heart infusion (BHI) broth. The cell suspension was incubated for 3, 6, 9, and 24 hr, serially diluted and then plated on BHI agar plate. As numbers of Bifidobacterium were increased viable cell count of VISA and VRE decreased. The strongest antimicrobial activity of the Bifidobacterium was observed after 9hr incubation in any mixture, almost completely inhibiting the growth of VISA and VRE.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.376-382
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• 1999

A methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolate was recovered from a 9-month-old female Shih-Tzu dog with canine distemper virus infection. We performed in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility test to determine the most effective antimicrobial drug against the isolate and thus, to emphasize its potential clinical importance in animal practices. Isolate was confirmed MRSA by oxacillin agar screening test. The isolate was fully resistant to all $\beta$-lactam antibiotics and was susceptible to glycopeptides. Of the other antibiotics, mupirocin, TMP/SMZ (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), and chloramphenicol showed inhibitory effect at the concentration of 4x MIC. The MICs ranged 0.25->$128{\mu}g/ml$, and MBCs ranged 0.5->$128{\mu}g/ml$. The combined TMP/SMZ with cefamandole or novobiocin showed synergistic effect, whereas the combination of novobiocin plus cefamandole or teicoplanin resulted in antagonistic effects. Although MRSA in animals so far has been reported in the geographically limited countries, at least theoretically, it could be occurred in the future more frequently through either human or animal origin. The use of this combination may be of value in this situation. As with all antimicrobial agents, inappropriate or unnecessarily prolonged therapy may contribute to the emergence of resistance strains and loss of efficacy.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2010

This study was carried out to compare the efficacy and selectivity of TOS and BS media for enumeration of bifidobacteria in commercial fermented milk products. First, bifidobacteria was isolated from 20 fermented milk products, and all isolated bifidobacteria were identified by genomic technology as Bifidobacterium lactis. The two media significantly differed from each other with regard to the recovery of B. lactis, that is, the recovery of this organism was as much as 6 logs lower on BS medium than on TOS. When the concentration of BS solution (mixture of paromomycin sulfate, neomycin, sodium propionate, and lithium chloride) used in BS medium was reduced to 50% (BS50), a relatively high percentage recovery of bifidobacteria from pure cultures was achieved. Susceptibility tests to antibiotics and tests for selective agents for the isolated bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria were conducted. The BS solution inhibited some lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium species, while mupirocin (MU) suppressed the growth of all tested lactic acid bacteria but not Bifidobacterium. As compared with BS50 medium, TOS with or without MU showed good bifidobacteria recovery and readily distinguishable colonies; in particular, TOS supplemented with MU had a high selectivity for bifidobacteria. In conclusion, all results suggested that TOS medium with or without MU was found to be suitable for selective enumeration of bifidobacteria from mixed cultures in fermented milk, and better in that capacity than BS medium.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2007

본 연구는 인간의 건강과 식품의 오염을 예방하기 위한 유용한 자료를 얻기 위하여 육류(소고기, 닭고기, 돼지고기)로부터 분리된 staphylococci를 가지고 한국에서 광범위하게 사용되는 6가지 항생제와 daptomycin, linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin and tigecycline과 같은 4가지의 신항생제에 대한 항생제 감수성 시험을 수행하였다. 이에 더하여 육류의 세균 오염실태를 조사하기 위하여 총 세균수와 대장균수를 측정하였다. 그 결과 147개의 육류 샘플 중 48%의 샘플에서 일반세균수의 기준에 부적합한 결과가 나타났으며, 대장균수에 대해서는 31%의 샘플에서 기준에 부적합한 결과가 나타났다. 또한 육류의 91%에서 stapylococci가 검출되었으며 이들 staphylococci는 Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS)와 S. aureus로 동정되었다. 분리된 staphylococci의 5.4%가 methicillin (oxacillin)에 내성을 나타내었고, 특히 mupirocin ($MIC_{90},\;>\;12\;{\mu}g/mL$) gentamicin ($MIC_{90},\;64\;{\mu}g/mL$)에 높은 내성을 나타내었다. 그러나 신항생제에 대해서는 methicillin 내성 staphylococci를 포함한 모든 staphylococci 분리균주가 높은 감수성을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 결과들은 육류가 소비자들의 건강에 중요한 위험요소로 작용할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.