• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.540-551
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of mungbean starch gels containing various hydrocolloids (carrageenan, locust bean gum and xanthan gum) during room temperature storage ($25^{\circ}C$ for 24, 48 and 72 hours). Carrageenan and xanthan gum reduced the pasting viscosity of mungbean starch, whereas the locust bean gum increased the viscosity. The melting characteristics, as assessed by DSC, showed that carrageenan and xanthan gum delayed gelatinization of mungbean starch and the locust bean gum had no effect on this property. The lightness (L) of the gels with the locust bean gum was similar to that without the additive during storage, whereas that with carrageenan and xanthan gum was higher than that without the additive. Hardness, chewiness and gumminess of the gels with the locust bean gum was higher than that without the additive during storage, whereas that with carrageenan and xanthan gum was lower than that without the additive. The rupture stress, rupture strain and rupture energy of the gels with carrageenan and xanthan gum was lower than that without the additive during storage, whereas that with the locust bean gum was similar to that without the additive. In the sensory evaluation, springiness and cohesiveness of the gels with carrageenan and xanthan gum were lower than those without the additive, whereas springiness, brittleness and hardness of the gels with the locust bean gum were higher than those without the additive. In addition, the overall acceptability of the gels with the locust bean gum improved. The above results showed that carrageenan and xanthan gum lowered the quality characteristics of the mungbean starch gel and the locust bean gum improved them. Thus, the addition of 0.5% locust bean gum is an appropriate method for improving the quality characteristics of mungbean starch gel.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of frozen stored mungbean starch gels added with sucrose fatty acid ester (SE). The study showed a delay of gelatinization of mungbean starch by SE addition through the measurements conducted by using Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). In the color of SE added frozen stored gels, lightness (L) and yellowness (b) values were increased compared to those of values measured from freshly prepared gel, whereas redness (a) value was decreased. The addition of 1% SE on mungbean starch gel prevented the color change during frozen storage. Rupture stress and rupture energy of frozen stored gel was higher than those of freshly prepared gel, whereas rupture strain of frozen stored gel was lower than that of freshly prepared gel. The addition of 1% SE on mungbean starch gel prevented the change of rupture characteristics during frozen storage. Texture profile analysis(TPA) characteristics revealed a significant change of the gel texture during frozen storage by showing an increase of hardness of the frozen stored gels compared to the freshly prepared gels with newly discovered fracturability, which resulted to show a large difference of gel texture by showing the disappearance of adhesiveness and large reduction of cohesivenes. The addition of 1% SE on mungbean starch gel prevented the change of TPA characteristics during frozen storage. Scanning electron micrographs showed that network structure of frozen stored gel was more rough than that of freshly prepared gel, and the addition of 1% SE on mungbean starch gel could suppress the breakdown of network structure. Thus the addition of 1.0% SE on mungbean starch gel was appropriate method for remaining gel characteristics during frozen storage.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.539-544
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• 1999

This study attempted to determine the effect of storage temperature(5$^{\circ}C$ and 25$^{\circ}C$) and time(1, 24, 48 and 72 hours) on the sensory and textural properties of mungbean starch gels. The color value, syneresis, texture and sensory properties of mungbean starch gels were measured. As the storage time increased, the lightness(L) and whiteness(W) values of mungbean starch gel increased. This trend was more apparent at the storage temperature of 5$^{\circ}C$. The syneresis of gels also increased as the storage time increased and the storage temperature was lower. As the storage time increased, the hardness of the gel increased whereas the adhesiveness and cohesiveness of the gel decreased. These results showed that mungbean starch gel lost its typical viscoelasticity during storage. This trend was also more apparent at the storage temperature of 5$^{\circ}C$. Sensory characteristics of the gel were well correlated with the mechanical characteristics. Overall quality of the gel decreased markedly at the 2nd day storage at 5$^{\circ}C$ and at the 3rd day storage at 25$^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.213-227
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• 2004

This study was attempted to investigate the sensory and textural characteristics of mungbean starch gels with soy bean oil and sucrose fatty acid ester(SE) addition during room temperature storage. Freshly prepared mungbean starch gels, with and without soy bean oil and SE, were stored at 25$^{\circ}C$ for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The color value, syneresis, texture and sensory properties of the gels were measured. The lightness(L) of the gels with soy bean oil and without additives was similar whereas that with SE was lower than that without additives. Syneresis of the gels with soy bean oil and SE was lower than that without additives. Rupture stress, rupture strain and rupture energy of the freshly prepared gel with 2∼4% soy bean oil were increased, but there were no differences in rupture properties between the gel with soy bean oil and that without additives. Rupture stress, rupture stain and rupture energy of all the gels with SE were decreased. Addition of soy bean oil to the gel did not change the texture profile of the gel, whereas hardness, springiness and chewiness of the gel with SE were decreased. In sensory evaluation, the acceptability of freshly prepared gel with soy bean oil was similar to that without additives, whereas that of the gel with 2% soy bean oil stored for 24 hours was higher than that without additives. The acceptability of the gel with SE was decreased significantly.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.567-572
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• 2002

The effects of adding mulberry leaves powder, yellow soybean powder(YSP), and mugwor powder(MP) for the preparation of mungbean starch gels(MSG) were studied. MSG with above additives were analysed for proximate composition. sensory evaluation, chromaticity, and rheometric properties. In the proximate composition test, the moisture content was the highest in the MSG with 0.5% MP, and the crude protein content war the highest in MSG with 1.0% YSP. In the sensory evaluation, MSG with various additives showed higher values than control. Whereas MSG with 0.5% additives showed a high value in hardness, control gels showed high values in the gumminess and brittleness in the measurement with a rheometer.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1291-1297
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• 2000

Particle size distribution, pasting properties by Rapid Visco Analyser, and textural properties of acorn, mungbean and buckwheat starches, which are the basic raw materials for mook, are compared. The major particle size of mungbean starch was $10{\sim}30$ micron, whereas acorn and buckwheat starches were $5{\sim}20$ micron. At the same starch concentration, mungbean starch had the highest peak viscosity, breakdown and setback. Acorn starch showed the lowest peak viscosity and breakdown. The peak viscosity of buckwheat starch was close to that of mungbean, however the trough and final viscosity were comparable to those of acorn starch. At the same peak viscosity, mungbean starch showed the lowest trough and final viscosity and the highest breakdown and setback. Acorn starch was differentiated from buckwheat starch in that the former had the higher value of setback. The textural properties of mungbean starch gel were significantly different from others. The texture of gels from acorn and buckwheat starches revealed that only the hardness and gumminess were different each other. The hardness of starch gels were negatively correlated with trough and final viscosity, and positively correlated with setback.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.391-398
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of storage temperature(5$\^{C}$ and 25$\^{C}$) and time(1, 24, 48 and 72hours) on the retrogradation characteristics of mungbean starch gels by using differential scanning calorimeter, rapid visco-analyzer, $\beta$-amylase method, X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope. Endothermic peaks of gels stored at 5$\^{C}$ were shifted to the lower temperature than those stored at 25$\^{C}$ and endothermic enthalpy of gels stored at 5$\^{C}$ was greater than that stored at 25$\^{C}$. DSC thermograms showed that the retrogradation rate of gels stored at 5$\^{C}$ was higher than that shored at 25$\^{C}$. The pasting properties of the gels such as peak viscosity and final viscosity increased with increasing storage time except the gels stored at 25$\^{C}$ for 72 hours and this trend was more apparent at the storage temperature of 5$\^{C}$. The digestibility measured by $\beta$-amylase method decreased with increasing storage time and this trend was more apparent at the storage temperature of 5$\^{C}$. X-ray diffraction patterns of the gels stored at 5$\^{C}$ showed more distinct peak than those stored at 25$\^{C}$, but no difference was detected by the storage time. The microstucture of all the gels showed a well developed three dimensional network The network structure of the gels stored at 25$\^{C}$ formed a thick matrix after 72 hours and those stored at 5$\^{C}$ from the early stage of storage.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1989

The physicochemical properties and gel forming properties of mungbean and buckwheat crude starches were investigated. The results were as follows; 1. The granule size and shape of mungbean crude starch were $11~32\mu\textrm{m}$ and oval, and those of buckwheat crude starch were $3~10 \mu\textrm{m}$ and polygonal. 2. The amylose conteut of mungbean crude starch and buckwheat crude starch were 78.0% and 26.4% respectively. 3. The blue value of mungbean crude starch and buckwheat crude starch were 1.030 and 0.409, respectively. 4. Periodate oxidation of mungbean crude starch resulted that amylose had the average molecular weight of 95, 648, degree of polymerization of 590 and amylopectin had the degree of branching of 5.4, glucose unit per segment of 18.6, and periodate oxidation of buckwheat crude starch resulted that amylose had the average molecular weight of 133, 690, degree of polymerization of 825 and amylopectin had the degree of branching of 5.2, glucose unit per segment of 19.2 5. Water binding capacity of mungbean crude starch was 185.1% and that of buckwheat was 209.9% 6. The pattern of change in swelling power of mungbean crude starch for increasing temperature started to increase at $60^{\circ}C$ and increased rapidly from $70^{\circ}C$, and that of buckwheat increased slowly from $60^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$ without rapid increase. 7 The ranges of gelatinization temp. of mungbean and buckwheat crude starches were 63. 9-$109^{\circ}C$ and 52.5-84.$2^{\circ}C$, respectively. 8. The gelatinization patterns for 6% munbean crude starch and 8% buckwheat crude starch were investigated by Brabender amglograph. Mungbean crude starch showed the initial pasting temperature of 77.6$^{\circ}C$ without peak height, and buckwheat crude starch showed that of $62.5^{\circ}C$ without peak height. In addition, sensory evaluation for sample starch gels (mungbean, buckwheat, cowpea) was done. 1. The difference of sensory characteristics for each starch gel was significant. 2. The sample starch gels were regarded as 'Mook' by pannels. 3. 74.44% of the degree of Mooklike was explained by hardness.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.63-69
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• 1991

This study was undertaken for the purpose of studying the physicochemical propery of mungbean and texture of mungbean starch gels. Mungbean starch gel made with different levels of oil were tested to investigate the textural characteristics by mechanical test. The results are summerized as fallows: The content of moisture fat, protein, and ash in Seonwha mungbean were shown to be about 13.19%, 1.02%, 23.57% 3.13% respectively. Those of Seonwha mungbean crude starch were 12.48%, 0.63%, 0.94%, 0.13% respectively. The gain of dry crude starch from peeled mungbean was 22.48%. Water binding capacity of Seonwha mungbean crude starch was 183.1%. The pattern of change in swelling power of Seonwha mungbean crude starch for increasing temperature increased slowly to $70^{\circ}C$, and then increased rapidly. The pattern of change in solubility was similar to that of swelling power. The amylose and amylopectin content were 22.5%, 77.5%. Brabender hot-paste viscosities of mungbean crude starch at 8% and 10% showed the similar amylogram patterns with peak vicosity. By the Rheometer measurement result of 8% 10% mungbean starch gel, Hardness and Fractuability tended to be decreased as the addition level of oil increased. Elasticity, Adhesiveness, Chewiness, L, a, and b value tended to be increased as the addition level of oil increased.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2002

Mungbean starch gels(MSG) was prepared by adding green tea powder(GP) in the ratio of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0% and tested for sensory characteristics, chromaticity and rheological properties. In sensory evaluation test, 1.5% GP added MSG gave the highest score in color, 1% GP added MSG in flavor and overall quality and 0.5% and 1.0% GP added MSG was evaluated higher than control in general. In chromaticity tests lightness(L) value of MSG decreased as the ratio of GP increased. In rheometer test, 2% and 2.5% GP added MSG showed the high values in hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and brittlness.