• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.953-959
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• 2014

This paper studies the uplink resource allocation for multiple radio access (MRA) in reconfigurable radio systems, where multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) multicarrier-code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) and MIMO orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) networks coexist. By assuming multi-radio user equipment with network-guided operation, the optimal resource allocation for MRA is analyzed as a cross-layer optimization framework with and without fairness consideration to maximize the uplink sum-rate capacity. Numerical results reveal that parallel MRA, which uses MC-CDMA and OFDMA networks concurrently, outperforms the performance of each MC-CDMA and OFDMA network by exploiting the multiuser selection diversity.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.869-878
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• 2012

A beam design method based on signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio (SLNR) has been recently proposed as an effective scheme for multiuser multiple-input multiple-output downlink channels. It is shown that its solution, which maximizes the SLNR at a transmitter, can be simply obtained by the generalized eigenvectors corresponding to the dominant generalized eigenvalues of a pair of covariance matrices of a desired signal and interference leakage plus noise. Under time-varying channels, however, generalized eigendecomposition is required at each time step to design the optimal beam, and its level of complexity is too high to implement in practical systems. To overcome this problem, a predictive beam design method updating the beams according to channel variation is proposed. To this end, the perturbed generalized eigenvectors, which can be obtained by a perturbation theory without any iteration, are used. The performance of the method in terms of SLNR is analyzed and verified using numerical results.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.426-436
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• 2019

In time division duplex (TDD)-based multiuser massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, the uplink channel is estimated and the results are used in downlink for signal detection. Owing to noisy uplink channel estimation, the downlink channel should also be estimated for accurate signal detection. Therefore, recently, a blind method was developed, which assumes the use of a linear high-power amplifier (HPA) in the base station (BS). In this study, we extend this method to a scenario with a nonlinear HPA in the BS, where the Bussgang decomposition is used for HPA modeling. In the proposed method, the average power of the received signal for each user is a function of channel gain, large-scale fading, and nonlinear distortion variance. Therefore, the channel gain is estimated, which is required for signal detection. The performance of the proposed method is analyzed theoretically. The simulation results show superior performance of the proposed method compared to that of the other methods in the literature.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제33권1C호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 다중사용자 multiple-input-multiple output(MIMO) 하향링크 채널 환경에서 시스템 용량을 향상시키기 위한 프리코딩(preceding) 기법에 관해 논의한다. 다중사용자 MIMO 시스템에서는 시스템 용량을 향상시키기 위한 다양한 프리코딩 기법들이 연구되어 왔다. 블록 대각화(Block Diagonalization) 프리코딩 기법은 다중사용자 MIMO broadcast 채널 환경에서 만들어진 여러 가지 프리코딩 기법 중 하나로 특이값 분해를 이용하여 제로-포싱(zero-forcing)을 하는 간단한 방법으로 구성되어 있다. 그러나 블록 대각화 기법은 복잡도가 낮아진 만큼 시스템 용량이 저하되는 단점을 갖고 있으며, 이러한 현상은 시스템 용량의 저하는 안테나들 사이에 상관도가 높을 때 더 심각해진다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 블록 대각화 기법을 수정하여 시스템 용량을 향상시킬 수 있는 프리코딩 기법을 제안한다. 실험 결과를 통해 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법이 기존의 블록 대각화 기법에 비해 높은 시스템 용량 성능을 보임을 확인할 수 있다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2009

송신단에서 채널 상태 정보를 알 수 있는 경우, 적응 알고리즘을 통한 전송 및 다중사용자 스케줄링을 통해 시스템 전송률을 향상시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 비트 인터리버와 결합한 부호화된 직교 주파수 다중 분할 (BIC-OFDM; Bit-Interleaved Coded Orthogonal frequency Division Multiplexing) 기법을 기반으로 하는 다중안테나 (MIMO; Multiple-Input Multiple Output) 시스템을 고려한다. 먼저 Levin-Campello 알고리즘을 개선한 비트 로딩 (bit-loading) 기법을 제안하고, 이를 다중안테나 시스템으로 확장하여 한정된 개수의 신호 성상을 사용하는 데 따르는 잔여 파워 문제를 극복하는 알고리즘을 제시한다. 실험 결과는 제안하는 기법이 시스템 성능을 개선시키며 특히 높은 신호 대 잡음비 (SNR; Signal-to-Noise Ratio) 영역에서 기존의 기법에 비하여 큰 성능 이득을 제공함을 보여준다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.32-35
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• 2018

5G 이동통신시스템에서 요구되는 높은 주파수 효율을 달성하기 위해서는 대규모 다중 입출력 송수신(Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output: Massive MIMO) 기술의 활용이 필수적이며, 원소 수의 증가에 따라 다양한 형태의 어레이 형상이 사용될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 균일 원형 어레이(Uniform Circular Array: UCA)를 사용하는 다중 사용자 MIMO 전송 시 활용 가능한 빔 형성 알고리듬을 제시하며, 빔 간 상관도를 활용하여 준 직교적인 빔 인덱스 쌍을 바탕으로 사용자간 간섭을 최소화하여 얻어지는 성능 이득을 평가한다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2010

Environmental issues and the need to reduce energy consumption for lowering operating costs have pushed power efficiency to become one of the major issues of current research in the field of wireless networks. This paper addresses a number of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) precoding and scheduling techniques across the PHY and MAC layers that can operate under a reduced link budget and collectively improve the transmit power efficiency of a base station, while maintaining the same levels of service. Different MIMO transmission and precoding schemes proposed for LTE, achieving varying degrees of multiuser diversity in both the time, frequency as well as the space domain, are examined. Several fairness-aware resource allocation algorithms are applied to the considered MIMO schemes and a detailed analysis of the tradeoffs between power efficiency and quality of service is presented. This paper explicitly examines the performance of a system serving real-time, VoIP traffic under different traffic loading conditions and transmit power levels. It is demonstrated that by use of efficient scheduling and resource allocation techniques significant savings in terms of consumed energy can be achieved, without compromising QoS.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2009

This paper proposes a new multiuser scheduling algorithm that can simultaneously support a variety of different quality-of-service (QoS) user groups while satisfying fairness among users in the same QoS group in MIMO broadcast channels. Toward this goal, the proposed algorithm consists of two parts: a QoS-aware fair (QF) scheduling within a QoS group and an antenna trade-off scheme between different QoS groups. The proposed QF scheduling algorithm finds a user set from a certain QoS group which can satisfy the fairness among users in terms of throughput or delay. The antenna trade-off scheme can minimize the QoS violations of a higher priority user group by trading off the number of transmit antennas allocated to different QoS groups. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed QF scheduling method satisfies different types of fairness among users and can adjust the degree of fairness among them. The antenna trade-off scheme combined with QF scheduling can improve the probability of QoS-guaranteed transmission when supporting different QoS groups.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.4738-4758
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• 2017

Resource allocation plays a crucial role in multiuser multiple input multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems to improve overall system performance. While previously proposed resource allocation algorithms are mainly designed from the point of view of the information-theoretic, we formulate the resource allocation problem as an average bit error rate (BER) minimization problem subject to a total power constraint when considering employing realistic MIMO detection techniques. Subsequently, we derive the optimal subcarrier and power allocation algorithms for three types of well-known MIMO detectors, including the maximum likelihood (ML) detector, linear detectors, and successive interference cancellation (SIC) detectors. To reduce the complexity, we also propose a two-step suboptimal algorithm that separates subcarrier and power allocation for each detector. We also analyze the diversity gain of the proposed suboptimal algorithms for various MIMO detectors. Simulation results confirm that the proposed suboptimal algorithm for each detector can achieve a comparable performance with the optimal allocation with a much lower complexity. Moreover, it is shown that the suboptimal algorithms perform better than the conventional algorithms that are known in the literature.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.291-301
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• 2016

In this paper, we study an optimized block-diagonal zero-forcing (BD-ZF) precoder in a two-tiered cognitive network consisting of a macro cell (MC) and a small cell (SC). By exploiting multiuser multiple-input and multiple-output Vandermonde-subspace frequency-division multiplexing (VFDM) transmission, a cognitive SC can coexist with an MC. We first devise a cross-tier precoder based on the idea of VFDM to cancel the interference from the SC to the MC. Then, we propose an optimized BD-ZF intra-tier precoder (ITP) to suppress multiuser interference and maximize the throughput in the SC. In the case where the dimension of a provided null space is larger than that required by the BD-ZF ITP, the optimized BD-ZF ITP can collect all limited channel gain by optimizing rotating and selecting matrices. Otherwise, the optimized BD-ZF ITP is validated to be equivalent to the conventional BD-ZF ITP in terms of throughput. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the throughput improvement of the proposed optimized BD-ZF ITP and to discover the impact of imperfect channel state information.