• Title/Summary/Keyword: multiple classes

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A Study on the Perception of Dental Student's about Online Classes Based on Non-face-to-face Education Course (비대면 교육 운영에 따른 온라인수업에 대한 치과대학생의 인식 연구)

  • Hwang, Jae yeon
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.289-297
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of dental students based on their experiences of online classes after taking non-face-to-face education courses for all the school semesters in 2020. For the research method, an online survey was conducted on A survey was conducted on 161 dental students enrolled in A University. The analytical method was conducted through frequency analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The survey analysis findings showed that the satisfaction of dental students' about the non-face-to-face education course was above 4.2, and the detailed items were in the order of the appropriateness of the attendance processing method, satisfaction with recorded video lectures, and the assessment method of the course grade. In the case of the factors that affect the satisfaction of non-face-to-face education courses, the learning system and assessment method were statistically significant. The online class type that is most preferred by the students is recorded video lectures, and the highest number of participants chose 21~30 minutes as the appropriate time for the class content. It is considered that the application of the online system will continue to be used together with face-to-face education courses in the education site and various university-level efforts like systematic support are required to achieve effective learning achievements. This study only investigated the non-face-to-face education operation conditions of A University, so it cannot be generalized to all universities, but it can be used as basic data to provide education curriculum design and supportive measures for the compatibility of face-to-face and non-face-to-face courses.

Difference in Health-related Quality of Life among Social Classes and Related Factors in Korea (우리나라 사회계층별 건강관련 삶의 질의 차이와 관련요인)

  • Lim, Gyeong-Tae;Kwon, In-Sun;Kim, Soon-Young;Cho, Young-Chae;Nam, Hea-Sung
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.2189-2198
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    • 2012
  • This study was designed to measure the difference in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among social classes and explore the factors that may explain it. Study subjects were 7,992 Korean adults aged 20-69 from the 4th (2007-2009) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys data. We described mean value of EQ-5D index as a HRQOL by class and performed hierarchical multiple regression analysis to find the factors. The result was as follows. In the distribution of EQ-5D index level among social classes, new middle class (class II) had the highest score (0.966 in men and 0.955 in women); upper and middle-upper class (class I) 0.965 in men and 0.936 in women; working class (class IV) 0.958 in men and 0.936 in women; old middle class (class III) 0.955 in men and 0.932 in women; low class (class VI) 0.941 in men and 0.908 in women; and rural self-management class (class V) the lowest score (0.918 in men and 0.866 in women). In men, chronic disease, job stress, education and income level were found to make the difference in the health-related quality of life among social classes; in women, those factors and health behavior explained the difference. In conclusion, the lower social class has lower HRQOL. Except for education and income level, chronic disease may be the major factor to explain the difference in the health-related quality of life among social classes.

Conditional Generative Adversarial Network based Collaborative Filtering Recommendation System (Conditional Generative Adversarial Network(CGAN) 기반 협업 필터링 추천 시스템)

  • Kang, Soyi;Shin, Kyung-shik
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.157-173
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    • 2021
  • With the development of information technology, the amount of available information increases daily. However, having access to so much information makes it difficult for users to easily find the information they seek. Users want a visualized system that reduces information retrieval and learning time, saving them from personally reading and judging all available information. As a result, recommendation systems are an increasingly important technologies that are essential to the business. Collaborative filtering is used in various fields with excellent performance because recommendations are made based on similar user interests and preferences. However, limitations do exist. Sparsity occurs when user-item preference information is insufficient, and is the main limitation of collaborative filtering. The evaluation value of the user item matrix may be distorted by the data depending on the popularity of the product, or there may be new users who have not yet evaluated the value. The lack of historical data to identify consumer preferences is referred to as data sparsity, and various methods have been studied to address these problems. However, most attempts to solve the sparsity problem are not optimal because they can only be applied when additional data such as users' personal information, social networks, or characteristics of items are included. Another problem is that real-world score data are mostly biased to high scores, resulting in severe imbalances. One cause of this imbalance distribution is the purchasing bias, in which only users with high product ratings purchase products, so those with low ratings are less likely to purchase products and thus do not leave negative product reviews. Due to these characteristics, unlike most users' actual preferences, reviews by users who purchase products are more likely to be positive. Therefore, the actual rating data is over-learned in many classes with high incidence due to its biased characteristics, distorting the market. Applying collaborative filtering to these imbalanced data leads to poor recommendation performance due to excessive learning of biased classes. Traditional oversampling techniques to address this problem are likely to cause overfitting because they repeat the same data, which acts as noise in learning, reducing recommendation performance. In addition, pre-processing methods for most existing data imbalance problems are designed and used for binary classes. Binary class imbalance techniques are difficult to apply to multi-class problems because they cannot model multi-class problems, such as objects at cross-class boundaries or objects overlapping multiple classes. To solve this problem, research has been conducted to convert and apply multi-class problems to binary class problems. However, simplification of multi-class problems can cause potential classification errors when combined with the results of classifiers learned from other sub-problems, resulting in loss of important information about relationships beyond the selected items. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more effective methods to address multi-class imbalance problems. We propose a collaborative filtering model using CGAN to generate realistic virtual data to populate the empty user-item matrix. Conditional vector y identify distributions for minority classes and generate data reflecting their characteristics. Collaborative filtering then maximizes the performance of the recommendation system via hyperparameter tuning. This process should improve the accuracy of the model by addressing the sparsity problem of collaborative filtering implementations while mitigating data imbalances arising from real data. Our model has superior recommendation performance over existing oversampling techniques and existing real-world data with data sparsity. SMOTE, Borderline SMOTE, SVM-SMOTE, ADASYN, and GAN were used as comparative models and we demonstrate the highest prediction accuracy on the RMSE and MAE evaluation scales. Through this study, oversampling based on deep learning will be able to further refine the performance of recommendation systems using actual data and be used to build business recommendation systems.

Clinical Study of Multiple Cardiac Valve Replacement : A Report of 63 Cases (중복심장판막이식의 임상적 고찰 63예 보고)

  • Suh, Kyung-Pill;Yang, Gi-Min
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.405-413
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    • 1980
  • A total of 63 patients [42 males and 21 females] underwent multiple valve replacement with artificial valves between January 1975 and August 1980 at Seoul National University Hospital. There were 38 patients with aortic and mitral valve replacement, 22 with mitral and tricuspid, and 3 with aortic, mitral and tricuspid valve replacement. The valve lesions varied from trivial to severe and most aortic and mitral valves had mixed stenosis and insufficiency, while tricuspid valves had only insufficiency. The patients were severely symptomatic in majority of the cases, and belonged to the Classes III and IV [III:45, IV:16] of the NYHA functional criteria. Hemodynamic studies were performed on all the patients. The mean pulmonary wedge pressure was remarkably increased to 19.8 mmHg in aortic and mitral valve lesions and 18.0 mmHg in mitral and tricuspid valve lesions. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure was also increased, while the cardiac index was reduced. In 1977, the average perfusion time was 245.5 minutes for aortic and mitral valve replacement and 181.6 minutes for mitral and tricuspid valve replacement. It has progressively declined to 169.2 minutes for aortic and mitral valve replacement and 123 minutes for mitral and tricuspid valve replacement in 1980. The average period of aortic occlusion also declined after the use of cardioplegic solution. Twenty deaths occurred among the 63 patients operated upon, an overall mortality rate of 30.8%. The operative mortality has declined with successive year from a level of 66.7% before 1977 to 21.1% in 1980. Fourteen patients suffered from a list of postoperative complications, which eventually resolved with adequate treatment. All the survivors were enjoying the levels of daily life activities greater than those existing before the operation.

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Evaluation of a Specially Designed Tobacco Control Program to Reduce Tobacco Use among School Children in Kerala

  • Philip, Phinse Mappalakayil;Parambil, Neetu Ambali;Bhaskarapillai, Binukumar;Balasubramanian, Satheesan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.3455-3459
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    • 2013
  • Background: Smoking and smokeless tobacco use are almost always initiated and established during adolescence. More than 80% of adult smokers begin smoking before 18 years of age. The main objective of the present study is to assess the feasibility of preventing adolescent tobacco use with the help of a specially designed tobacco control program. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional survey on tobacco use and related health effects was conducted using a structured questionnaire in 13 randomly selected schools in Kannur district of Kerala. These students were followed for a period of one academic year with multiple spaced interventions such as anti-tobacco awareness classes, formation of anti-tobacco task forces, inter-school competitions, supplying IEC (information, education and communication) materials and providing a handbook on tobacco control for school personnel. Final evaluation was at the end of one year. Results: There were 4,144 school children who participated in the first phase of the study. The prevalence of tobacco smoking and chewing habits were 9.85% and 2.24% respectively. Ninety-one percent had parental advice against tobacco use and only 3.79% expressed desire for future tobacco use. The final evaluation witnessed a sharp decline in the current tobacco use as 4.68%. We observed a statistically significant difference towards the future use of tobacco (p<0.001) and awareness about the ill effects of passive smoking (p<0.001) among boys and girls. Further a significantly increased knowledge was observed among boys compared to girls about tobacco and oral cancer (p=0.046). Conclusions: The comprehensive school based tobacco control project significantly reduced the tobacco use pattern in the target population. School tobacco projects incorporating frequent follow ups and multiple interventions appear more effective than projects with single intervention.

Expansion of Private Tutoring Market for Adults according to Labor Market Changes and the Geographical Characteristics (노동시장의 구조 변화에 따른 성인 대상 사교육 시장의 성장과 공간적 함의)

  • Park, Sohyun;Lee, Keumsook
    • Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.402-419
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    • 2014
  • This study attempts to investigate the spatial characteristics of private tutoring markets for adults which have been expanded rapidly with labor market changes in Korea. In particular, For the purpose, we examine thoroughly various indies of labor markets and private tutoring markets for adults in Korea in first and then analyze the spatial characteristics. We classify private tutoring institutes for adults into two categories by job-statuses and education levels, and analyze the spatial distribution patterns of the attendants of the classes. In order to understand the spatial characteristic of their distributions, we distinguish whether there exist the spatial autocorrelation or not by applying Moran's I values for each categories in first. We also examine the spatial cluster patterns by Hot spots analysis utilizing $G^*$ statistics. Multiple linear regression models are developed for each category to explain the relationships between the spatial distributions of private tutoring institutes and geographical variables.

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Modelling of Differentiated Bandwidth Requests in IEEE 802.16m Systems

  • Yoon, Kang Jin;Kim, Ronny Yongho;Kim, Young Yong
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.726-747
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    • 2013
  • In order to support a large number of mobile stations (MSs) with statistical multiplexing in cellular networks, a random access scheme is widely used for uplink (UL) bandwidth request (BR). In the design of a random access based BR scheme, there are two important requirements: short connection delay and diverse Quality of Services (QoSs) support. Such requirements are crucial for IMT-Advanced systems like IEEE 802.16m to provide various types of fourth generation (4G) data services. IEEE 802.16m provides advanced UL BR schemes for non-real time polling service (nrtPS) and best-effort (BE) service to meet the requirements of short connection time and multiple QoS level support. In order to provide short connection time and multiple QoS support, three-step and differentiated BR procedures are adopted. In this paper, a novel modelling of IEEE 802.16m contention based BR scheme is proposed that uses a 2-dimensional discrete time Markov chain. Both the short access delay three-step BR procedures and normal five-step BR procedure are considered in the model. Our proposed model also incorporates the IEEE 802.16m differentiated BR procedure. With the proposed model, we extensively evaluate the performance of IEEE 802.16m BR for two different service classes by changing QoS parameters, such as backoff window size and BR timer. Computer simulations are performed to corroborate the accuracy of the proposed model for various operation scenarios. With the proposed model, accurate QoS parameter values can be derived for the IEEE 802.16m contention-based BR scheme.

Performance Analysis of Adaptive Separated-Queueing ATM Switch for multimedia Services (멀티미디어 서비스를 지원하는 적응적 분리 큐잉 ATM 스위치의 성능분석)

  • Im, Cheol-Su;Park, Byeong-Seop
    • The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.167-174
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    • 1999
  • In this paper, we propose the adaptive separated-queueing ATM switching model for the effective processing of the various types of multimedia traffic by virtue of ATM switching network with multiple outlets which is the essential part of B-ISDN. This proposed model employs the dynamically separated buffering mechanism in the processing of two classes of cell, realtime service traffic and non-realtime service traffic, at the output buffer to enhance the overall QoS(Quality of Service). The adopted ATM switch architecture has Batcher-banyan based network, but it uses different topologies and control techniques 6to resolve the cell contention. For the performance evaluation of our proposed method, we have done both analytical modeling and simulation. The both results show that our proposed queueing strategy is quite appropriate to the ATM switch with multiple outlets and can quarantee the QoS requirements of the incoming multimedia traffic.

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Convergence analysis of nursing choice factors in senior high school students (고등학교 3학년 학생의 융복합적 간호대학 진로선택 요인 분석)

  • Han, Su-Jeong;Kim, Mi-Ran
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.8 no.11
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    • pp.109-114
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    • 2017
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the factors of career choice in high school seniors and to utilize the data to guide their career selection. From July 2, 2016 to August 2, 2016, a total of 145 high school seniors from six different high schools in Daejeon and Chungcheong area participated the study. Pearson's correlation coefficients, t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis, using SPSS 24.0 version program. It was shown that the participants who had a positive relationship with their school nurse, or those who had experience in nursing-related career activities inside or outside the school, or participants who had career-related classes, expert counseling, and educational experience in school were interested in applying to nursing school. The findings from this study provided implications for promoting career education programs attracting talent from high school seniors who are interested in applying nursing school.

Resource Request Scheduling for Best Effort Service in Wireless MAN : Performance Analysis (Wireless MAN에서 Best Effort 서비스를 위한 자원 요청 스케줄링 방식의 성능 분석)

  • Park, Jin-Kyung;Shin, Woo-Cheol;Ha, Jun;Choi, Cheon-Won
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2003.07a
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    • pp.57-60
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    • 2003
  • IEEE 802.16 Wireless MAN standard specifies the air interface of fixed point-to-multipoint broadband wireless access systems providing multiple service. Among the service classes supported by the wireless MAN, the BE class is ranked on the lowest position in priority and is usually deployed by multicast and broadcast polling MAC scheme. In provisioning such BE service, the delay performance is influenced by a number of components including restrictions on resource request per SS, the number of request opportunities in upward frame, scheduling requests at BS, and contention resolution method. As candidate components of MAC function for BE service, we propose single and multiple request schemes (for controling the number of requests per SS), exhaustive and limited request schemes (for regulating the amount of grant per request) and FCFS, H-SMF, pure SMF, SS-wise Round Robin, and pure Round Robin (for scheduling requests at BS). Then, we construct MAC schemes by combining the above components and evaluate the delay performance exhibited by each MAC scheme using a simulation method. From numerical results, we investigate the effect of MAC components on average delay and delay variation and observe the dissonance on collision reduction in a resource - limited environment.

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