• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.691-703
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• 1998

Saliva is obviously potential medium to protect the dental caries by not only physical clearing effect, but aggregating action of protein with bacteria. Nevertheless, we still do not understand how the dental caries occur and what brings the individual difference in caries prevalence. In the regards of dental caries prevalence, we hypothesized that the composition of salivary protein might be different from caries susceptible group to caries resistant group. The purposes of this experiment were focused on the molecular analysis of salivary proteins from the subjects who were involved in multiple caries. Electrophoretic analysis was done on the whole saliva collected from the children with and without multiple caries. We found 86.2% of subjects with multiple caries has approximately 120 KDa protein band while 30.4% in the healthy subjects. And the concentration of the total protein on the subjects with multiple caries is significantly higher than that of the healthy group. However, it turned out that the difference of the salivary composition does not affect the bacterial adhesion to hydroxyapatite bead. With regards of enzymes in saliva, the activity of ${\alpha}-amylase$ and lactate dehydrogenase does not have any significant difference between both groups. However, the concentrations of $Na^+\;and\;Cl^-$ in saliva from multiple caries group is higher than that of the control group. Taken all together, it may be concluded that 120 KDa protein in saliva may be associated with the process of dental caries, also the high concentration of protein and $Na^+,\;Cl^-$ in saliva may be linked to dental caries development as a cofactors.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.347-354
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between pit and fissure sealants of the molars, and caries prevalence and experience to assess the effect of sealants on caries prevention. Methods: Data from 16,119 people were extracted from the seventh Korean national health and nutrition examination survey, which was conducted from 2016 to 2018. Demographic, socioeconomic, oral health-related behavioral, and oral examination survey data were collected as independent variables. SAS statistics for complex samples and multiple logistic regression analysis (Windows ver. 9.4) was used for the statistical analyses. Results: Caries prevalence and experience were significantly associated with age, sex, daily toothbrushing frequency, interdental cleaning, and having molar sealant. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between having molar sealants and the caries prevalence and experience among participants under 30 years of age after adjusting socio-economic variables and toothbrushing-related factors. Conclusions: This study confirmed the effect of molar sealants on caries prevention in Korea. Our results support that the application of molar sealants in children, adolescents, and young individuals is effective in preventing caries.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2019

다발성 우식이 있는 청소년 지적장애 환자들은 협조도가 불량하고 치료 부위가 광범위하며 구강 관리 유지가 어려울 수 있다. 따라서 장애와 환자의 상태에 맞게 최소 침습적 치료보다는 적극적인 크라운 수복 치료와 유지관리 및 보호자와 환자를 대상으로 식이 관리 및 칫솔질 교육을 진행하도록 해야한다. 청소년기 다발성 우식이 있는 지적장애 환자에 대해 더 적극적인 치료와 양호한 유지관리가 이루어지도록 치과의사와 보호자 모두 적극적인 노력이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 환자 맞춤의 치과 치료 방법을 선택하고 보호자 교육을 통해 이를 유지관리 및 예방에 힘쓸 수 있게 해야 하며, 보호자는 개선된 구강상태를 유지하고 예방하기 위해 가정에서의 구강위생관리를 중요하게 잘 수행해야 할 것이다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.419-424
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• 2013

Objectives : This study aimed to explore the influence of food intake and oral health behaviors on dental caries in juveniles. Methods : A total of 2,129 juveniles completed a questionnaire survey to identify the presence of permanent teeth caries, behaviors relevant to oral health and food intake based on the fourth National Health and Nutrition Survey. Results : Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that higher occasions of intake of carbonated drinks significantly cased dental caries in the meanwhile oral health behavior and the number of toothbrushing was in reverse proportion to dntal caries. The risk of dental caries was higher in the group of lower frequency of toothbrushing and intake of carbonated drink. Conclusions : Carbonated drinks intake and the number of toothbrushing is closely related to dental caries. So it is very important to develop oral health education program in order to improve eating habits and toothbrushing habits in juveniles.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.250-256
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of maternal socioeconomic status, maternal oral health behaviors, and oral health behaviors of children, on the prevalence of early childhood caries in children aged 5 years. The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data collected between 2007 and 2014 were applied to this study, and the study sample included 824 children who received oral examinations and participated in the health behavior survey. The factor that affected the prevalence of early childhood caries were confirmed by maternal and child factors. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The mothers' age, income level, and job status affected the prevalence of early childhood caries. There was a significant difference in the analysis considering the factors of motherhood and children in the prevalence of early childhood caries according to mother's age, education level, income level, and the child's oral examination. The prevalence of early childhood caries was higher in children who received oral examinations than in those who did not. When the mother's educational level was higher than college education, it was found that the index of child, i.e., there was a difference in the prevalence of early childhood caries according to the mother's educational and income levels. These results indicate that maternal socioeconomic characteristics are correlated with the oral health of children. Therefore, oral health education programs that include mothers for the prevention of early dental caries in children may improve the dental health of children. In addition, specific oral health policies are necessary to address the differences in the oral health between the income groups.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess dental health states of disabled people and analyze association between perception and awareness toward dental health and dental health status. Methods: The survey was performed from June 25 through October 30, 2004. A total of 548 disabled people participated in the study with details of 419 living in eight residential care centers located in Gyeongsangbuk-do and 129 children from a special school and two day-care centers. All subjects underwent oral examination and surveyed through a questionnaire. Parents of 129 children with disabilities were also surveyed through a separate questionnaire. Results: The dental caries experience rate was 82.1% of total 548 subjects. By age, those in their 20s experienced a high rate of dental caries with 87.5%. By educational level, those with a middle school education experienced a high dental caries rate with 91.8% (p<0.05). Of total subjects who experienced dental caries, 78.9% had experience in dental caries treatment. By age, those in their 10s showed a high rate of dental caries treatment with 87.4%(p<0.05). By educational level, those with a high school education showed a high rate of dental caries treatment with 87.7%(p<0.05). Those in residential care centers had a high rate of dental caries treatment with 82.1%, which is significantly higher than 68.8% of those who used day-care centers. A tooth extraction rate was 38.0% of total subjects. Those in their 40s had a higher rate of tooth extraction(p<0.01). Those in residental care centers had a significantly higher rate of extraction with 43.4%, compared with 20.2% of those in day-care centers. Of total subjects, 61.5% had plaque. A high rate of plaque formation was observed in those in their 40s(92.0%), those with a high school education(84.0%) and those with multiple disabilities(77.8%)(p<0.01). Among total subjects, 47.6% maintained healthy periodontal tissue. Those in their 40s and those with multiple disabilities had diseased periodontal tissue(p<0.01). Of 129 disabled children, 43.8% had plaque with parents who were not oral health-conscious while 18.6% had plaque with parents who were oral health-conscious, showing a significant difference(p<0.05) Conclusion: The results of the study suggest the need for educating parents with disabled children about oral health and strengthening programs for oral health for teachers working at special schools and day-care centers.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2019

The effectiveness of dental implants in patients with disability, who are non-compliant during treatment, is controversial because of their poor oral health. Thus, oral health-care and management in such patients is concerning. Moreover, limited information is available on prognosis after implant placement. Herein, we describe a patient with schizophrenia who underwent dental implantation under multiple inductions of general anesthesia (5 times) and required conservative treatment and tooth extraction for multiple dental caries and retained roots because of inadequate oral health-care. Postoperatively, fracture of the prosthodontics and progression of dental caries were observed, and with 3 additional inductions of general anesthesia, conservative treatment, implant surgery, and prosthesis implantation were conducted. Postoperative 12-month follow-up since the last prosthesis implantation showed successful results. For patients with schizophrenia, multiple implantation can reduce horizontal bone loss and achieve aesthetic results compared to treatment with removable prosthodontics and could serve as an alternative treatment modality.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.337-347
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• 2009

영유아기 치아우식증은 복잡하고 다인자적 질환으로 숙주 및 미생물, 식이, 시간 등의 위험요소에 의해 질환이 진행된다. 이 중 미생물로 대변되는 Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans)는 우식 개시에 있어 중요한 역할을 하며, 어머니를 통한 수직 감염이 잘 알려져 있다. 영유아기의 어머니를 통한 조기 감염은 향후 유치열기 우식 발생과 높은 연관성을 나타내므로 우식위험요소에 대한 조기 파악은 미래의 치아우식증 예방에 있어 매우 중요하다. 최근 치아우식증의 원인 및 이에 미치는 요소들에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지면서 우식 진행에 대한 정확한 예측을 위한 여러 가지 우식위험도평가(caries risk assessment) 도구가 개발되었는데, 이 중 대표적인 한 가지가 Cariogram이다. Cariogram은 개인의 우식활성도 및 우식위험요소(caries risk factor)의 상호작용을 그래프로 나타낸다. 이번 연구의 목적은 3${\sim}$5세의 중증 유아기우식증(Severe Early Childhood Caries; S-ECC)에 해당되는 어린이들과 그들의 어머니 사이에서 우식관련타액검사 및 최근 개발된 Cariogram을 이용하여 S. mutans의 수준 및 우식활성도에 대한 상관관계가 존재함과 우식위험요소 간의 연관성을 파악해 보았는데, 이를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 1. 중증 유아기우식증을 보이는 어린이에서 구강 내 존재하는 Streptococcus mutans의 수준은 비우식군보다 높았다(p<0.05). 2. 모자간 구강 내 존재하는 Streptococcus mutans 수준은 상관관계를 보였다(p<0.05). 3. 모자간 우식활성도를 Cariogram을 통해 측정해 본 결과 상관관계를 보였다(p<0.05). 4. 우식활성도에 미치는 우식위험요소는 어린이에서 숙주요소가 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 S. mutans가 향후 치아우식증 발생 가능성을 예측하는데 있어 유용한 우식위험요소가 될 수 있으며, Cariogram을 통한 향후의 우식진행과 관련된 여러 가지 우식위험요소가 예측 가능하므로 이에 대한 조기 대처 및 예방적 처치가 가능하리라 사료된다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.435-445
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• 2020

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between obesity and dental caries of Korean adolescents. Methods: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES VI) (2013 to 2015) were used and targeted adolescents aged 13 to 18 years. For statistical analysis, the SPSS 18.0 program was used, and the significance level was set at 0.05. Results: For the general and health-related characteristics, female students (p=0.001) showed higher decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index than male students. Furthermore, DMFT showed higher tendency, as age was higher (p<0.001). Smoking (p=0.011) and drinking experience (p=0.027) revealed higher DMFT. The dental caries experience was significantly different among students who were female (p=0.033), older (p=0.001), and overweight or underweight (p=0.022). In the BMI for the general and health-related characteristics, male students had higher obesity rate than female students (p=0.003), and obese subjects had higher dental checkup in the last year (p=0.013). In multiple linear regression analysis of obesity and DMFT, the unadjusted model showed that the obesity group's DMFT was about 0.8 higher than that of the normal group (p=0.024). However, statistical significance was not shown in the adjusted models. In the logistic regression analysis of obesity and dental caries experience, the unadjusted model 1 (1.93 times), the adjusted model 2 (1.79 times), and model 3 (1.76 times) showed significantly higher dental caries experience. Conclusions: Both obesity and dental caries are related to diet habits and lifestyles and have a negative impact on adult health. Therefore, it is necessary to create a healthy social environment around the adolescent, and proper intervention through education is required to form healthy habits.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.571-576
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between early childhood caries(ECC) and breastfeeding. Methods : Data of 670 children were derived from the Forth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2009. Demographic and socioeconomic data, oral health related behavior, and breastfeeding practice data were collected as independent variables. The ECC was used as a dependent variable. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the relationship between ECC and the other variables. Results : Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that ECC was related with age, tooth brushing frequency, and breastfeeding practice. Conclusions : This study confirmed various risk indicators of ECC in Korean children, using Korean national survey data. Parents should begin an early and consistent mouth care regime to decrease the risk of ECC.