• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.394-400
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• 2022

Background: Impacts of exposure are generally monitored and recorded after injuries or illness occur. Yet, absence of conventional after-the-effect impacts (i.e., lagging indicators), tend to focus on physical health and injuries, and fail to inform if workers are not exposed to safety and health hazards. In contrast to lagging indicators, leading indicators are proactive, preventive, and predictive indexes that offer insights how effective safety and health. The present study is to validate an extended Voluntary Protection Programs (VPP) that consists of six leading indicators. Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to 13 organizations (response rate = 93.1%, 1,439 responses) in Taiwan. Cronbach α, multiple linear regression and canonical correlation were used to test the reliability of the extended Voluntary Protection Programs (VPP) which consists of six leading indicators (safe climate, transformational leadership, organizational justice, organizational support, hazard prevention and control, and training). Criteria-related validation strategy was applied to examine relationships of six leading indicators with six criteria (perceived health, burnout, depression, job satisfaction, job performance, and life satisfaction). Results: The results showed that the Cronbach's α of six leading indicators ranged from 0.87 to 0.92. The canonical correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between the six leading indicators and criteria (1st canonical function: correlation = 0.647, square correlation = 0.419, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The present study validates the extended VPP framework that focuses on promoting safety and physical and mental health. Results further provides applications of the extended VPP framework to promote workers' safety and health.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.157-176
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• 2024

Integrative analysis for better understanding of complex biological systems gains more attention. Observing subjects from various perspectives and conducting integrative analysis of those multiple datasets enables a deeper understanding of the subject. In this paper, we compared two methods that simultaneously consider two datasets gathered from the same objects, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and co-inertia analysis (CIA). Since CCA cannot handle the case when the data exhibit high-dimensionality, two strategies were considered instead: Utilization of a ridge constant (CCA-ridge) and substitution of covariance matrices of each data to identity matrix and then applying penalized singular value decomposition (CCA-PMD). To illustrate CIA and CCA, both extensions of CCA and CIA were applied to NCI60 cell line data. It is shown that both methods yield biologically meaningful and significant results by identifying important genes that enhance our comprehension of the data. Their results shows some dissimilarities arisen from the different criteria used to measure the relationship between two sets of data in each method. Additionally, CIA exhibits variations dependent on the weight matrices employed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.77 no.4
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• pp.429-444
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• 1988

Considering the recent trent toward the development of multiple-use of forest trees, investigations for comprehensive information on these young stands of Hinoki cypress are necessary for rational forest management. From this point of view, 83 sample trees were selected and cut down from 23-ear old stands of Hinoki cypress at Changsung-gun, Chonnam-do. Various stem growth factors of felled trees were measured and canonical correlaton analysis, principal component analysis and factor analysis were applied to investigate the stem growth characteristics, relationships among stem growth factors, and to get potential information and comprehensive information. The results are as follows ; Canonical correlation coefficient between stem volume and quality growth factor was 0.9877. Coefficient of canonical variates showed that DBH among diameter growth factors and height among height growth factors had important effects on stem volume. From the analysis of relationship between stem-volume and canonical variates, which were linearly combined DBH with height as one set, DBH had greater influence on volume growth than height. The 1st-2nd principal components here adopted to fit the effective value of 85% from the pincipal component analysis for 12 stem growth factors. The result showed that the 1st-2nd principal component had cumulative contribution rate of 88.10%. The 1st and the 2nd principal components were interpreted as "size factor" and "shape factor", respectively. From summed proportion of the efficient principal component fur each variate, information of variates except crown diameter, clear length and form height explained more than 87%. Two common factors were set by the eigen value obtained from SMC (squared multiple correlation) of diagonal elements of canonical matrix. There were 2 latent factors, $f_1$ and $f_2$. The former way interpreted as nature of diameter growth system. In inherent phenomenon of 12 growth factor, communalities except clear length and crown diameter had great explanatory poorer of 78.62-98.30%. Eighty three sample trees could he classified into 5 stem types as follows ; medium type within a radius of ${\pm}1$ standard deviation of factor scores, uniformity type in diameter and height growth in the 1st quadrant, slim type in the 2nd quadrant, dwarfish type in the 3rd quadrant, and fall-holed type in the 4 th quadrant.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.55-69
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• 2006

This study investigated relationship between preservice kindergarten teachers' cognitive strategies and self-determination motivation types. Cognitive strategies were measured by 3 variables surface, deep, and metacognitive strategies; motivation for self-determination was measured by 7 variables; intrinsic motivation(IM) to know, IM to accomplish, IM to experience stimulation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, and amotivation. The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire(Pintirch & DeGroot, 1990) and the Academic Motivation Scale(Vallerand et al., 1992, 1993) were administered to 82 subjects. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis. Finding were a positive correlation between IM to know and IM to accomplish. IM to accomplish positively predicted surface, deep, and metacognitive strategies, and identified regulation positively predicted deep cognitive strategy. Amotivation negatively predicted deep and metacognitive strategies.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.169-182
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• 2007

Creative problem solving skills in mathematics were measured by fluency, flexibility, and originality; cognitive strategies were measured by rehearsal, elaboration, organization, planning, monitoring, and regulating. The Creative Problem Solving Test in Mathematics developed at the Korea Educational Development Institute(Kim et al., 1997) and the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire(Pintrich & DeGroot, 1990) were administered to 84 subjects in grade 5(45 girls, 39 boys). Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis. Results indicated that positive regulating predicted total score and fluency, flexibility, and originality scores of creative problem solving skills. Elaboration, rehearsal, organization, regulating, monitoring, and planning positively contributed to the fluency and flexibility scores of creative problem solving skills.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.419-429
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• 2006

This study investigated gender differences in the factors affecting elementary school students' ability to identify scientific problems. Scientific problem finding tasks, involving written instruments including IQ tests, content knowledge, science process skills, divergent thinking skills, intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, personality traits, and home environment were administered to 96 elementary school students(male; 50 & female: 46). The data collected was analyzed by means of a t-test, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis. The finding indicated that there were significant gender differences in scientific problem finding performance. Female students were significantly higher in both total score and elaborate score of scientific problem finding than male students. Personality traits and intrinsic motivation positively and extrinsic motivation negatively predicted male students' abilities in scientific problem finding. Science process skills, personality traits and intrinsic motivation positively and extrinsic motivation negatively predicted female students' scientific problem finding and IQ positively predicted female students' elaborate score of scientific problem finding.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.125-137
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• 1991

This study aims to offer basic data for development of the three generations sharing house plan, through finding out the relationship between family characteristics and the housing needs of the middle aged living in the middle and small cities. The 1029 questionnaires were used for this study, and data were analysed by canonical correlation analysis, factor analysis and multiple regression. The results are as follows. Their family characteristics influence housing needs for the three generations sharing house. Especially groups of female, neuclear family, family of higher S.E.S., less number of children. family living in the apartment houses and owner occupied house prefer more privacy between generations in the three generations sharing house.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.51-72
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• 2006

There are many occasions that the performance of a corps is influenced not only by its own efforts but by the commander of the next higher unit in a vertical organizational structure. When the direction of the commander in the next higher organization is different from that of the actual evaluation agency, the unit under evaluation may get rated lower than what it should deserve. This study suggests an alternative method to evaluate the performance of military units in the situation that there exist critical environmental factors which affect the performance. This method employes DEA, a non parametric method, and Constrained Canonical Correlation Analysis(CCCA), a parametric method which is used to estimate a efficient frontier with multiple dependent variables and constraints. This article also exploits a set of categorical environmental variables in the CCCA to improve the fairness of performance evaluation. It is shown that the introduction of the categorical variables helps evaluating the true performance of individual units such as battalions subordinated to different next higher commanders.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.365-373
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• 2006

With a few exceptions, Korean lakes are artificially constructed for multi-purposes throughout the country. In the majority of cases, a lake is in a multiple series of reservoirs along a river or is an estuary Moreover, nutrient supplying activities (including sand extraction) and biomanipulation(esp., overfishing and fish introduction) are omnipresent in most cases. Furthermore, there is an Asian monsoon every year. In brief, europhication and algal blooms break out as a result of complicated causes. However limnological monitoring and scientific working programs are in the course of beginning. The question is what kind of strategy is desirable to establish a solid limnological database for the efficiency of the restoration process in each Korean reservoir We present light monitoring cases on the basis of algal and some physicochemical data in 2005. Do they give some useful informations despite their simplicity. Based on physicochemical factors and phytoplankton data using Utermohl method and Canonical Correspondence Analysis(CCA) were performed for Lake Cheongpyeong, Lake ASan, Lake Namyang, and Lake SapGyo. The results of CCA showed that Lake Cheongpyeong was different from the other three Lakes at estuary. Also each Lake at estuary was slightly different from one other. This result would encourage to initiate building an adequate Korean reservoir-ecosystem understanding and models for better ecological management despite the limited data. However, the results also indicate to sustain collecting ecological data and building database to interpret the Korean ecological reservoir model.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.273-288
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• 2008

Types of motivation for self-determination studied in the current research included intrinsic motivation (IM) to know, IM to accomplish, IM to experience stimulation; external, introjected, identified regulation; and amotivation as related to children's self-regulated learning strategies (use of cognitive strategy and self-regulation). The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich & DeGroot, 1990) and the Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerand et al., 1992, 1993) were administered to 123 $5^{th}$ graders (63 girls, 60 boys). Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation, multiple regression, and canonical correlation analysis. Results indicated that IM to accomplish, IM to know, and identified regulation positively and amotivation negatively affected self-regulated learning strategies. IM to accomplish and IM to know positively and amotivation negatively contributed to use of cognitive strategy and self-regulation.