• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2018

This study contributes to evaluate multiphase topology optimization design of plate-like structures on elastic foundations by using classic plate theory. Multi-material optimal topology and shape are produced as an alternative to provide reasonable material assignments based on stress distributions. Multi-material topology optimization problem is solved through an alternative active-phase algorithm with Gauss-Seidel version as an optimization model of optimality criteria. Stiffness and adjoint sensitivity formulations linked to thin plate potential strain energy are derived in terms of multiphase design variables and Winkler-Pasternak parameters considering elastic foundation to apply to the current topology optimization. Numerical examples verify efficiency and diversity of the present topology optimization method of elastic thin plates depending on multiple materials and Winkler-Pasternak parameters with the same amount of volume fraction and total structural volume.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.262-270
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• 2007

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2004

We have studied the effects that inorganic zeolite powder have on structurally different copolymer [poly(propylene-co-ethylene)] and terpolymer [poly(propylene-co-ethylene-co-l-butene)] systems and the possibility of preparing suitable porous composite films. The impact strength and yield stress of the composites did not improve upon any further loading of zeolite, but the modulus increased gradually with respect to the filler loading. The experimental modulus of each of the two systems was compared with theoretical models. We performed a morphological study of the filler mixing efficiency and image analysis. The number-, weight-, and z-average air hole diameters were compared with respect to the draw ratio as well as the zeolite loading. The experimental results suggest that these two matrices can provide a new choice for preparing future multiphase polymeric porous films by stretching them unidirectionally. In particular, we suggest that a 40 wt% zeolite loading at a draw ratio of 4 is useful for porous film applications.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.299-307
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• 2017

The magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) material under thermal environment exhibits pyroelectric and pyromagnetic coefficients resulting in pyroelectric and pyromagnetic effects. The pyroelectric and pyromagnetic effects on the behavior of multiphase MEE sensors bonded on top surface of a mild steel beam under thermal environment is presented in this paper. The aim of the study is to find out how samples having different volume fractions of the multiphase MEE composite behave in sensor applications. This is studied at optimal location on the beam, where the maximum electric and magnetic potentials are induced due to pyroelectric and pyromagnetic effects under clamped-free and clamped-clamped boundary conditions. The sensor which is bonded on the top surface of the beam is modeled using 8-node brick element. The MEE sensor bonded on mild steel beam is subjected to uniform temperature rise of 50K. It is assumed that beam and sensor is perfectly bonded to each other. The maximum pyroelectric and pyromagnetic effects on electric and magnetic potentials are observed when volume fraction is ${\nu}_f=0.2$. The boundary conditions significantly influence the pyroelectric and pyromagnetic effects on electric and magnetic potentials.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.129-145
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• 2020

In typical, structural topology optimization plays a significant role to both increase stiffness and save mass of structures in the resulting design. This study contributes to a new numerical approach of topologically optimal design of Mindlin-Reissner plates considering Winkler foundation and mathematical formulations of multi-directional variable thickness of the plate by using multi-materials. While achieving optimal multi-material topologies of the plate with multi-directional variable thickness, the weight information of structures in terms of effective utilization of the material at the appropriate thickness location may be provided for engineers and designers of structures. Besides, numerical techniques of the well-established mixed interpolation of tensorial components 4 element (MITC4) is utilized to overcome a well-known shear locking problem occurring to thin plate models. The well-founded mathematical formulation of topology optimization problem with variable thickness Mindlin-Reissner plate structures by using multiple materials is derived in detail as one of main achievements of this article. Numerical examples verify that variable thickness Mindlin-Reissner plates on Winkler foundation have a significant effect on topologically optimal multi-material design results.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.975-980
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• 2001

Like composite material. the coil winding pack of the KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) consist of multiphase element such as metallic jacket material for protecting superconducting cable, vacuum pressurized imprepregnated (VPI) insulation, and corner roving filler. For jacket material, four CS (Central Solenoid) Coils, $5^{th}$ PF (Poloidal Field) Coil, and TF (Toroidal Field Coil) use Incoloy 908 and $6-7^{th}$ PF coil, Cold worked 316LN. In order to analyze the global behavior of large coil support structure with coil winding pack, it is required to replace the winding pack to monolithic matter with the equivalent mechanical properties, i.e. Young's moduli, shear moduli due to constraint of total nodes number and element numbers. In this study, Equivalent Young's moduli, shear moduli, Poisson's ratio, and thermal expansion coefficient were calculated for all coil winding pack using Finite Element Method.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.29-45
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• 2022

The optimization for dynamic response associated with a cylindrical shell which is made of laminated composites embedded in a piezoelectric layer which is subjected to temperature rises and is resting on an elastic foundation is investigated for the first time. The first shear order theory (FSDT) is utilized in order to obtain the strain relations of the shell. Then, using the energy method, the equations of motions as well as boundary condition of the problem are attained. The formulation of this study together with the solution procedure which is a numerical solution method, differential quadrature method (DQM) is validated using other researches. This paper presents a thorough study on the parameters which impacts the vibration frequency of the laminated shell. The results of this paper shows that any type of laminated composite shell can reduce the vibration frequency providing that the angle related to layer are higher than 85 degrees. Also, in order to reduce the effect of temperature rises, the laminated composites instead of orthotropic one can be used.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.2
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• pp.772-775
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• 2003

The development of new improved type of dielectric materials on the conception of multiphase structure has been carried out in this paper. Metal alkoxides solutions were used for application of thin film by electrophoretic deposition technique. We succeeded in preparation of amorphous and composite dielectric films from Al alkoxides. Specific features of the preparation technique were considered. Microstructure of the films was examined as well as their dielectric properties. TEM analyses reveals that films deposited from aging sols and heat-treated at temperatures as low as $400^{\circ}C$ contain small whiskers of ${\delta}-Al_2O_3$.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.783-791
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• 2018

In consideration of the mesoscopic structure of soil-rock mixtures in which the rock aggregates are wrapped by soil at normal temperatures, a two-layer embedded model of single-inclusion composite material was built to calculate the shear modulus of soil-rock mixtures. At a freezing temperature, an interface ice interlayer was placed between the soil and rock interface in the mesoscopic structure of the soil-rock mixtures. Considering that, a three-layer embedded model of double-inclusion composite materials and a multi-step multiphase micromechanics model were then built to calculate the shear modulus of the frozen soil-rock mixtures. Given the effect of pore structure of soil-rock mixtures at normal temperatures, its shear modulus was also calculated by using of the three-layer embedded model. Experimental comparison showed that compared with the two-layer embedded model, the effect predicted by the three-layer embedded model of the soil-rock mixtures was better. The shear modulus of the soil-rock mixtures gradually increased with the increase in rock regardless of temperature, and the increment rate of the shear modulus increased rapidly particularly when the rock content ranged from 50% to 70%. The shear modulus of the frozen soil-rock mixtures was nearly 3.7 times higher than that of the soil-rock mixtures at a normal temperature.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.89-102
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• 1996

지하의 유체 유동 및 물질 변환을 해석하기 위하여 다중다상이론을 이용한 통합 모형을 개발하였다 종합적 지배식은 4개의 상내의 화합물들의 물질 및 힘평형 관계를 고려하여 유도되었다. 복합한 이동 및 변환 현상을 설명하고, 공간적 차원을 변동적으로 나타내기 위하여 관계된 모든 변수 및 식들을 함축적이면서 조직적으로 표현하였다. 도출된 비선형시스템은 다차원 유한요소프로_I램으로서 해를 구하였다. 본 개발된 프로그램은 역동적으로 메모리 용량을 조절하여 일이삼차원 문제를 PC부터 SP2슈퍼컴퓨터까지 여러 종류의 기종에서 해석할 수 있다. 계산시간과 저장용량을 줄이기 위하여 시스템식을 분리시키고, 슈퍼컴의 벡터 및 병렬처리를 이용하여 띠행렬의 해를 구하였다. 유속이 우세한 경우의 수치해석상의 불안정한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 상류가중, 질량묶음, 요소별 파라미터 평가법 등을 적용하였다. 일차원 이동문제에 대하여 유한요소법과 유한차분법의 수치해의 안정성 조건을 검토하였다. 구체적인 지하수 유동 및 오염문제에 대한 모델링 예는 본 논문집의 연계 논문에 수록하였다.