• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제8권9호
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• pp.818-826
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• 2002

Since multipath phenomenon frequently occurs when a Global Positioning System receiver is placed in urban area crowded with large buildings, efficient mitigation of multipath effects is necessary to resolve. In this paper, we propose a new multipath detection technique that is useful in real-time positioning with a general Global Positioning System receiver. The proposed technique is based on a channelwise multipath test statistic that efficiently indicates the degree of fluctuations induced by multipath error. The proposed multipath test statistic is operationally advantageous because it does not require any specialized hardware nor any pre-computation of receiver position, it is directly related to standard $\chi$$^2$-distributions, and it can adjust the detection resolution by increasing the number of successive measurements. Simulation and experiment results verify the performance of the proposed multipath detection technique.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.155-158
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• 2024

Multipath, a major error source in urban GNSS positioning (global navigation satellite system), pose a challenge due to its site-dependent nature, varying with the user's signal reception environment. In our previous study, we introduced a technique generating GNSS multipath map in urban canyon. However, due to uncertainty in initial GNSS positions, applying multipath maps required generating multiple candidate positions. In this study, we present an efficient method for applying multipath maps by projecting the multipath correction in position domain. This approach effectively applies multipath maps, addressing the challenges posed by urban user position uncertainties.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.156-166
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• 2024

This paper conducts a study on methods for associating multipath tracks received by a horizontal line array sonar. The horizontal line array sonar introduces conical bearing ambiguities due to its array-shaped characteristics. Target signals are often subject to multipath propagation in the ocean, resulting in errors in target bearing estimation due to these bearing ambiguities. Recent research efforts have been directed toward using multipath tracks to estimate the positions of targets. However, there has been a lack of research dedicated to identifying multipath tracks from the measurements of a horizontal line array sonar. Therefore, this study identifies the conical bearing characteristics of multipath signals based on the result of experiment and establishes criteria for associating multipath tracks. Additionally, Simulations are performed to determine the ability to associate multipath tracks.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.95-104
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• 1997

본 논문은 수중에서 초음파를 이용하여 데이터를 전송할 때, 전체 성능에 영향을 주는 Multipath를 수학적으로 분석하였고, 분석된 결과를 이용하여 Multipath의 영향을 고려한 수중 초음파 통신시스템을 구현하였다. 표면이나 해저면, 반사물 등에 의한 신호의 반사로 인한 Multipath를 이상적인 채널을 가정하여 각 신호에 대하여 수학적으로 모델링 하였으며, multipath에 의한 영향을 살펴보기 위해 SMR(Signal to Multipath Ratio) 파라미터를 도입하였으며 MATLAB을 이용하여 모의 실험하였다. 주파수 대역폭의 심한 제약을 가지고 있는 수중 초음파 환경에서 보다 효율적인 데이터 전송을 위하여 ${\pi}/4$ QPSK(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) 변복조 방식을 도입하였고, 이 변복조 방식을 이용하여 수중 초음파 환경에서 보다 효율적인 시스템을 구현하였다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2018

The reference stations in a satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) collect raw data from global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to generate correction and integrity information. The multipath signals degrade GNSS raw data quality and have adverse effects on the SBAS performance. The currently operating SBASs (WAAS and EGNOS, etc.) survey existing commercial equipment to perform multipath assessment around the antennas. For the multi-path assessment, signal power of GNSS and multipath at the MEDLL receiver of NovAtel were estimated and the results were replicated by a ratio of signal power estimated at NovAtel Multipath Assessment Tool (MAT). However, the same experiment environment used in existing systems cannot be configured in reference stations in Korean augmentation satellite system (KASS) due to the discontinued model of MAT and MEDLL receivers used in the existing systems. This paper proposes a test environment for multipath assessment around the antennas in KASS Multipath Assessment Tool (K-MAT) for multipath assessment. K-MAT estimates a multipath error contained in the code pseudorange using linear combination between the measurements and replicates the results through polar plot and histogram for multipath assessment using the estimated values.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2020

KRS which is subsystem of Korea Augmentation Satellite System (KASS) performs a role of collecting and monitoring GPS signals. In order to generate the accurate correction message, the site which meets the requirements should be selected and verification to meet each requirement should be accompanied. When the sites are selected, the environmental considerations are EMI, clear horizon (CH) and multipath. Of these, EMI and CH can be checked for satisfaction by instrumentation, but multipath error is difficult to predict. Therefore, multipath error analysis for the installation position of actual antenna at each KRS site should be preceded, and multipath scenario should be generated for each location to analyze the effects of the resulting system performance. In this paper, based on satellite signals collected from each KRS sites, the method for analyzing multipath error in each KRS sites is described, and the multipath error is analyzed. Also to perform an analysis of the effects on system performance due to multipath error, multipath error modeling is performed for the generation of simulation scenarios.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.353-356
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• 2001

In WCDMA systems, it is difficult to use high level modulation schemes in Rayleigh fading channel. Components of Multipath interference give signals much inteferences. Multipath interference cancellation is one of the method to overcome this problem. In this paper, multistage PIC algorithm is used to verify a performance of multipath interference cancellation. It is algorithm gradually canceling the multipath interferences as a stage number is increases. In computer simulations, it is verified that multipath interference cancelation is necessary and using its algorithm give much better performances than not using.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제5권12호
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• pp.455-462
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• 2016

무선 센서 네트워크는 센서 필드 상의 이벤트에 관한 데이터를 소스로부터 싱크로 수집하기 위해 연구되어왔다. 멀티패스 라우팅은 노드나 링크 단절에 의해 소스에서 싱크로의 패스가 종종 손실되는 문제에 대해 신뢰성 있는 데이터전송을 위한 매력적인 방안 중 하나이다. 사람이나 동물 혹은 차량 등과 같은 모바일 이벤트 상황에서, 소스는 이 모바일 이벤트의 이동에 따라 연속적으로 소스가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 멀티패스 라우팅에서 모바일 이벤트의 상황은 새로운 도전 과제를 제시한다. 그러나 기존의 멀티패스 라우팅 연구는 주로 소스들에서 정적인 싱크로 효율적인 멀티패스 구성과 패스 단절에 대한 빠른 멀티패스 재구성에 초점을 두었다. 따라서 이전 멀티패스 라우팅 프로토콜은 모바일 이벤트에 의해 발생하게 되는 연속적인 각각의 소스들이 소스에서 싱크로 각각의 멀티패스를 필요로 한다. 이는 이전 방안이 소스의 수에 비례하여 멀티패스 구성비용이 증가게 한다. 따라서 우리는 모바일 이벤트에 의해 연속적으로 발생하게 되는 소스를 지원하는 효율적인 멀티패스 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안방안에서 이전 소스에서 만들어 놓은 기존의 멀티패스를 이용함으로써, 새로운 소스가 효율적으로 재구성을 할 수 있다. 이를 위해, 제안방안은 지역적 멀티패스 재구성, 광역적 부분 멀티패스 재구성, 광역적 전체 멀티 패스 재구성의 세 방안 중 하나를 선택한다. 이 선택을 위해 우리는 멀티패스 재구성 비용과 데이터 포워딩 비용의 합을 계산하는 분석적인 에너지 소비 비용 모델을 제시한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 모바일 이벤트의 상황에서 멀티패스 라우팅을 할 때 제안방안이 기존의 방안보다 우수한 성능을 보였다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2024

This study develops a Global Positioning System (GPS) Code Multipath Grid Map (CMGM) of each individual domestic reference station from the extracted code multipath of measurement data. Multipath corresponds to signal reflection/refraction caused by obstacles around the receiver antenna, and it is a major source of error that cannot be eliminated by differencing. From the receiver-independent exchange format (RINEX) data for two days, the associated code multipath of a satellite tracking arc is extracted. These code multipath data go through bias correction and interpolation to yield the CMGM with respect to the azimuth and elevation angles. The effect of the CMGM on multipath mitigation is then quantitatively analyzed to improve the Root Mean Square (RMS) of averaged pseudo multipath. Furthermore, the single point positioning (SPP) accuracy is analyzed in terms of the RMS of the horizontal and vertical errors. During two weeks in February 2023, the RMSs of the averaged pseudo multipath for five reference stations decreased by about 40% on average after CMGM application. Also, the SPP accuracies increased by about 7% for horizontal errors and about 10% for vertical errors on average after CMGM application. The overall quantitative analysis indicates that the proposed approach will reduce the convergence time of Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS), Real-Time Kinematic (RTK), and Precise Point Positioning (PPP)-RTK correction information in real-time to use measurement data whose code multipath is corrected and mitigated by the CMGM.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2015

Multipath routing technique is recognized as one of the effective approaches to improve the reliability of data forwarding. However, the traditional multipath routing focuses only on how many paths are needed to ensure a desired reliability. For this purpose, the protocols construct additional paths and thus cause significant energy consumption. These problems have motivated the study for the energy-efficient and reliable data forwarding. Thus, this paper proposes an energy-efficient concurrent multipath routing protocol with a small number of paths based on interaction between paths. The interaction between paths helps to reinforce the multipath reliability by making efficient use of resources. The protocol selects several nodes located in the radio overlapped area between a pair of paths as bridge nodes for the path-interaction. In order to operate the bridge node efficiently, when the transmission failure has detected by overhearing at each path, it performs recovery transmission to recover the path failure. Simulation results show that proposed protocol is superior to the existing multipath protocols in terms of energy consumption and delivery reliability.