• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2014

To study and locate partial discharge(PD) and analyze the transient state of power transformer, there is a need for a high frequency model of transformer winding and calculation of its parameters. Due to the high frequency nature of partial discharge phenomenon, there is a need for an accurate model for this frequency range. To attain this goal, a Multi-Conductor Transmission Line (MTL) model is used in this paper for modeling this transformer winding. In order that the MTL model can properly simulate the transformer behavior within a frequency range it is required that its parameters be accurately calculated. In this paper, all the basic parameters of this model are calculated by the use of Finite Element Method (FEM) for a 20kV winding of a distribution transformer. The comparison of the results obtained from this model with the obtained shape of the waves by the application of PD pulse to the winding in laboratory environment shows the validity and accuracy of this model.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.214-222
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• 2013

This paper proposes a high efficiency step-down flyback converter using a coaxial-cable coupled-inductor which has a higher primary-secondary flux linkage than sandwich winding transformers. The structure of the two-winding coaxial cable transformer is described, and the coupling coefficient of the coaxial cable transformer and that of a sandwich winding transformer are compared. A circuit model of the proposed transformer is also obtained from the frequency-response curves of the secondary short-circuit and of the secondary open-circuit. Finally, the performance of the proposed transformer is validated by the experimental results from a 35W single-output flyback converter prototype. In addition, the proposed two-winding coaxial transformer is extended to a multiple winding coaxial application. For the performance evaluation of the extended version, 35W multi-output hardware prototype of the DC-DC flyback converter was tested.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2018

This paper proposes a transformer design of a direct cell-to-cell active cell balancing circuit with a multi-winding transformer for battery management system (BMS) applications. The coupling coefficient of the multi-winding transformer and the output capacitance of MOSFETs significantly affect the balancing current transfer efficiency of the cell balancing operation. During the operation, the multi-winding transformer stores the energy charged in a specific source cell and subsequently transfers this energy to the target cell. However, the leakage inductance of the multi-winding transformer and the output capacitance of the MOSFET induce an abnormal energy transfer to the non-target cells, thereby degrading the transfer efficiency of the balancing current in each cell balancing operation. The impacts of the balancing current transfer efficiency deterioration are analyzed and a transformer design methodology that considers the coupling coefficient is proposed to enhance the transfer efficiency of the balancing current. The efficiency improvements resulting from the selection of an appropriate coupling coefficient are verified by conducting a simulation and experiment with a 1 W prototype cell balancing circuit.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권11호
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• pp.1626-1630
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• 2015

This paper reflected the Temperature test value and compare the Computational Fluid Dynamic analysis value on particular characteristics of the multi-winding transformer's cooling apparatus equipped by heat pipe with excellent heat transfer ability on design Particularly if you look at multi-winding transformers that supply high-quality Direct current power to silicon production apparatus, heat generation due to high current supply is excessive thus, an innovative cooling apparatus is required in particular for reduced size transformer.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.295-300
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• 2007

High temperature superconducting (HTS) windings for an HTS transformer which have been developed have two kinds of type, one is the layer winding and the other is disk winding. The layer winding has adopted for an HTS power transformer so far because of the small AC losses of the HTS windings. The disk windings have surface of the HTS wire. We propose a new winding method for a high voltage HTS transformer which has advantages of both type of HTS windings, and we call it continuous disk winding. This new HTS winding consists of pile of HTS disk windings. The continuous disk winding was fabricated with multi-stacked HTS wires for dover HTS transformer. We can check the potential possibility from the characteristic test of the fabricated winding. The new type HTS windings can be applied to HTS power transformers, especially to the high voltage ones.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.367-376
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• 2016

This paper presents a cell balancing method for a single switch flyback converter with a multi-winding transformer. The conventional method using a flyback converter with a multi-winding transformer is simple and easy to control, but the voltage of each secondary winding coil might be non-uniform because of the unequal effective turn-ratio. In particular, it is difficult to control the non-uniform effect using turn-ratios because secondary coil has a limited number of turns. The non-uniform secondary voltages disturb the cell balancing procedure and induce an unbalance in cell voltages. Individual cell control by adding a switch for each cell can reduce the undesirable effect. However, the circuit becomes bulky, resulting in additional loss. The proposed method here uses the conventional flyback converter with an adjustment made to the output filters of the cells, instead of the additional switch. The magnitude of voltage applied to a particular cell can be reduced or increased according to the adjusted filter and the selected switching frequency. An analysis of the conventional converter configuration and the filter design method reveals the possibility of adequate cell balancing control without any additional switch on the secondary side.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.266-276
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• 2018

This paper presents a new step-up and step-down multi-pulse auto-transformer rectifier unit (ATRU) topology. This structure can achieve a wide range of output voltages, which solves the problem of auto-transformer output voltage being difficult to regulate. Adding middle taps to the primary winding and reasonably setting the number of auto-transformer windings, constituted two groups of three-phase output voltages with a $30^{\circ}$ phase difference. Multi-pulse output DC voltage is obtained after a three-phase output voltage across two rectifier bridges and inter-phase reactor. Thus, the output DC voltage is related to the number and configuration of the auto-transformer winding. In this paper, the relationship between the voltage ratio of the auto-transformer and the ratio of winding, input current and auto-transformer kilovoltampere rating are deduced and validated by simulations. On this basis, the output voltage range is optimized. An experiment on two different voltage ratio principle prototypes was carried out to verify the correctness of the analysis design.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1093-1099
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• 2014

This paper proposes a power conversion topology involving a multi-winding transformer and converters. The fundamental idea is described with circuit diagrams, and the voltage output of the proposed topology is analyzed mathematically. The effectiveness of the topology is discussed with test results from a small-scale power conversion system. When conventional hardware consisting of two-level converters and a transformer is employed, multi-level voltage outputs can be applied to the transformer windings by the proposed method.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 고정밀 각도 센싱을 요구하는 응용분야에 이용되는 권선형 레졸버의 변압부와 레졸버 파트의 유한요소법 (Finite Element Method, FEM)을 이용한 연동해석을 통해 권선형 레졸버 시스템의 성능을 도출하는 과정을 연구하였다. 외부 인가 전원을 증폭시키는 회전형 변압기부와 증폭된 변압기 출력을 이용하는 레졸버의 회전자 입력부의 연동해석을 통하여 전자기적인 정밀도를 향상시킬 수 있는 권선형 레졸버의 연동해석 모델을 제시하고 출력 신호의 특성을 분석하였다. 회전형 변압기에서 승압된 전압이 레졸버 회전자 권선에 인가될 때 회전자 권선의 임피던스를 고려하여 레졸버 입력 전류를 계산하여야 한다. 따라서 레졸버 회전자 권선부 인터페이스 부분은 회로 모델로 구성하여 변압기의 유한요소 모델, 인터페이스 회로 모델, 레졸버 유한요소 모델을 한 번에 연성해석을 수행하였다. 고정밀 각도 도출을 위해 레졸버 고정자 권선은 32x와 1x의 혼합 권선이 설치되어 있으며 서로간의 자기적인 간섭은 없다. 본 논문에서는 슬롯에 적절한 분포적인 권선법이 제시되어 정현적인 SIN, COS 파형과 이들간의 위상각 $90^{\circ}$를 만족시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2019

This study proposes an enhanced switching pattern that can improve energy transfer efficiency in an active cell-balancing circuit using a multiwinding transformer. This balancing circuit performs cell balancing by transferring energy stored in a specific cell with high energy to another cell containing low energy through a multiwinding transformer. The circuit operates in flyback and buck-boost modes in accordance with the energy transfer path. In the conventional flyback mode, the leakage inductance of the transformer and the stray inductance component of winding can transfer energy to an undesired path during the balancing operation. This case results in cell imbalance during the cell-balancing process, which reduces the energy transfer efficiency. An enhanced switching pattern that can effectively perform cell balancing by minimizing the amount of energy transferred to the nontarget cells due to the leakage inductance components in the flyback mode is proposed. Energy transfer efficiency and balancing speed can be significantly improved using the proposed switching pattern compared with that using the conventional switching pattern. The performance improvements are verified by experiments using a 1 W prototype cell-balancing circuit.