• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.215-222
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• 1987

This paper describes the design of a real time arrhythmia detection system using five variables : heart rate, QS width, morphology, alls deviation, and ST segment. To detect individual variables for four patients, we designed multi-processor system. The results of the analysis derived from simulators and 50 patients are compared with the medical diagnoses. The results show that the analysis was able to detect irregularly occuring arrhythmia which does not show up in routine medical examination.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -2
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• pp.1256-1259
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• 2002

In this paper, we have proposed license plate recognition system for multi-national vehicle license plate using geometric features along with hybrid and seven segment pattern vectors. In the proposed system, we suggested to find horizontal and vertical relation after going through preparation process with inputted real-time license plate image of Korea and Japan, and then to classify license plate with using characteristic and geometric information of license plates. It classifies the extracted license plate images into letters and numbers, such as local name, local number, classification character and license consecutive numbers, and recognize license plate of Korea and Japan by applying hybrid and seven segments pattern vectors to classified letter and number region. License plate extraction step of the proposed system uses width and length information along with relative rate of Korean and Japanese license plate. Moreover, it exactly segmentation by letters with using each letter and number position information within license plate region, and recognizes Korean and Japanese license plates by applying hybrid and seven segment pattern vectors, containing characteristics related to letter size and movement within segmented letter area. As the result of testing the proposed system in real experiment, it recognized regardless of external lighting conditions as well as classifying license plates by nations, Korea and Japan. We have developed a system, recognizing regardless of inputted structural character of vehicle licenses and external environment.

• 경영과학
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2016

Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely adopted customer-oriented product development methodology by analyzing customer requirements. It is a main activity in QFD planning process to determine the optimal values of the technical attributes (TAs) so as to achieve the customer requirements (CRs) from the House of Quality (HoQ). In most of the previous research, all the TAs in QFD are assumed to have either continuous or discrete values. In the real world applications, the continuous TAs and the discrete TAs are often mixed in QFD. In this paper, a mixed integer linear programming model is formulated to obtain the optimal values for the continuous TAs and the discrete TAs in QFD planning as well as Branch and Bound (B and B) algorithm is proposed as the solution approach. Finally, the proposed model and solution approach are illustrated with an office chair under multi-segment market, and the sensitivity analysis is performed to study how the proposed model and its solutions respond to the variation for the two elements which are budget and CRs' weights.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.475-490
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• 2019

The detection of structural damage without a priori information on the healthy state is challenging. In order to address the issue, the study presents a baseline-free approach to detect damage in beam structures based on an actual influence line. In particular, a multi-segment function-fitting calculation is developed to extract the actual deflection influence line (DIL) of a damaged beam from bridge responses due to a passing vehicle. An intact basis function based on the measurement position is introduced. The damage index is defined as the difference between the actual DIL and a constructed function related to the intact basis, and the damage location is indicated based on the local peak value of the damage index curve. The damage basis function is formulated by using the detected damage location. Based on the intact and damage basis functions, damage severity is quantified by fitting the actual DIL using the least-square calculation. Both numerical and experimental examples are provided to investigate the feasibility of the proposed method. The results indicate that the present baseline-free approach is effective in detecting the damage of beam structures.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.3668-3684
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• 2021

Video action recognition is widely used in video surveillance, behavior detection, human-computer interaction, medically assisted diagnosis and motion analysis. However, video action recognition can be disturbed by many factors, such as background, illumination and so on. Two-stream convolutional neural network uses the video spatial and temporal models to train separately, and performs fusion at the output end. The multi segment Two-Stream convolutional neural network model trains temporal and spatial information from the video to extract their feature and fuse them, then determine the category of video action. Google Xception model and the transfer learning is adopted in this paper, and the Xception model which trained on ImageNet is used as the initial weight. It greatly overcomes the problem of model underfitting caused by insufficient video behavior dataset, and it can effectively reduce the influence of various factors in the video. This way also greatly improves the accuracy and reduces the training time. What's more, to make up for the shortage of dataset, the kinetics400 dataset was used for pre-training, which greatly improved the accuracy of the model. In this applied research, through continuous efforts, the expected goal is basically achieved, and according to the study and research, the design of the original dual-flow model is improved.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권12호
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• pp.4625-4635
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• 2022

A low-energy dielectric loaded accelerator with a non-uniform, multi-segment structure is studied and optimized. So far, no analytical solution is provided for such structures. Also, due to the existing nonlinear behavior and a large number of geometric parameters, the problem of numerical optimizations is complex. For this reason, a method is presented to design and optimize such structures using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). Moreover, the GA output results are compared with Trust Region (TR) and Nelder-Mead Simplex (NMS) methods. Comparative results show that the GA is more efficient in achieving optimization goals and also has a higher speed than the two other methods. Finally, an optimized accelerating tube is integrated into a proper coupler. Then, the accelerator is simulated for full electromagnetic investigations using the CST suite of codes. This design leads to a structure with a power of about 80 kW in the X-band, which delivers electrons to the output energy in the range of 300-459 kV. The length and outer diameter of the accelerating tube obtained are 10 cm and 1 cm, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.224-232
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• 2018

Objective : Cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) can be treated via anterior or posterior approach, or both. The optimal approach depends on the characteristics of OPLL and cervical curvature. Although most patients can be successfully treated by a single surgery with the proper approach, renewed or newly developed neurological deterioration often requires repeat surgery. Methods : Twenty-seven patients with renewed or newly developed neurological deterioration requiring salvage surgery for multi-segment cervical OPLL were enrolled. Ten patients (group AP) underwent anterior approach, and 17 patients (group PA) underwent posterior approach at the initial surgery. Clinical and radiological data from initial and repeat surgeries were obtained and analyzed retrospectively. Results : The intervals between the initial and repeat surgeries were $102.80{\pm}60.08months$ (group AP) and $61.00{\pm}8.16months$ (group PA) (p<0.05). In group AP, the main OPLL lesions were removed during the initial surgery. There was a tendency that the site of main OPLL lesions causing renewed or newly developed neurological deterioration were different from that of the initial surgery (8/10, p<0.05). Repeat surgery was performed for progressed OPLL lesions at another segment as the main pathology. In group PA, the main OPLL lesions at the initial surgery continued as the main pathology for repeat surgery. Progression of kyphosis in the cervical curvature (Cobb's angle on C2-7 and segmental angle on the main OPLL lesion) was noted between the initial and repeat surgeries. Group PA showed more kyphotic cervical curvature compared to group AP at the time of repeat surgery (p<0.05). Conclusion : The reasons for repeat surgery depend on the type of initial surgery. The main factors leading to repeat surgery are progression of remnant OPLL at a different segment in group AP and kyphotic change of the cervical curvature in group PA.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.131-134
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• 2007

We propose a multi-stage recognizer architecture that reduces the computation load and makes fast recognizer. To improve performance of baseline multi-stage recognizer, we introduced new feature. We used confidence vector for each phone segment instead of best phoneme sequence. The multi-stage recognizer with new feature has better performance on n-best and has more robustness.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.1293-1300
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• 2018

For the disadvantages of multi-scale geometric analysis methods such as loss of definition and complex selection of rules in image fusion, an improved multi-focus image fusion method is proposed. First, the initial fused image is quickly obtained based on the lifting stationary wavelet transform, and a simple normalized cut is performed on the initial fused image to obtain different segmented regions. Then, the original image is subjected to NSCT transformation and the absolute value of the high frequency component coefficient in each segmented region is calculated. At last, the region with the largest absolute value is selected as the postfusion region, and the fused multi-focus image is obtained by traversing each segment region. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm can not only simplify the selection of fusion rules, but also overcome loss of definition and has validity.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.619-626
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 경피적 혈관내 풍선 확장술이나 스텐트 삽입술에서 Balloon이나 Stent의 직경 및 길이를 예측 할 때 사용되는 정량적인 평가 도구인 Calibration Mode중 Catheter Calibration Mode, Auto Calibration Mode 그리고 Segment Calibration Mode에서의 오차율에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. Calibration의 정량적인 평가를 위해 정교하게 제작된 직경 × 길이(2 mm × 80 mm) Copper Wire와 5, 10, 15, 30, 40 mm의 Metal Ball을 이용하여 실험하였고, 아크릴 팬텀은 25 mm, 50 mm, 75mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, 150mm, 175 mm, 200 mm로 하여 각각의 높이에서 혈관조영 촬영장치로 Subtraction 영상을 획득하여 장비 회사에서 제공하는 소프트웨어인 Stenosis Analysis Tools을 이용하여 측정하였다. Catheter Calibration Mode에서의 오차율을 평가하기 위한 방법으로 Copper Wire를 각각의 아크릴 팬텀위에 올려놓고 촬영하였으며, Copper Wire 직경 2 mm를 Catheter의 직경으로 Setting하였고, 길이 8 mm Copper Wire의 길이를 Multi-segments로 측정하여 분석한 결과 1.13 ~ 5.63%의 오차율이 나타났다. Auto Calibration Mode에서의 오차율을 평가하기 위한 방법으로 각각의 아크릴 팬텀을 높이에서 아크릴 높이에 대한 수치를 입력하고, 8 mm Copper Wire의 길이를 Multi-segments 측정하여 분석한 결과 0 ~ 0.26%의 오차율이 나타났다. Segment Calibration Mode에서의 오차율을 평가하기 위한 방법으로 테이블 바닥에 있는 각각의 Metal Ball을 각각 Calibration하고, 각각의 아크릴 팬텀 위에 올려 있는 8 mm Copper Wire의 길이를 측정하여 아크릴 팬텀 높이 변화에 대한 8 mm Copper Wire 길이를 Mutli-segments 측정하여 분석한 결과 1.05 ~ 19.04%의 오차율이 나타났다. 그리고 Auto Calibration Mode에서 OID 변화에 대한 실험은 아크릴 팬텀의 높이는 100mm로 고정하고 OID만 450 mm ~ 600 mm로 변화를 하였을때 오차율은 0.13 ~ 0.38%로 나타났다. 결론적으로 소프트웨어에서 제공하는 정량적인 혈관의 치수평가를 하기 위한 이들 Calibration Mode 중 Auto Calibration Mode에서 높이 값을 입력하는 것이 오차율이 가장 적은 Calibration 방법임을 확인하였으며, Metal ball이나 기타 다른 물체를 이용하여 Calibration을 하기 위해서는 시술부위와 동등한 높이에 놓고 Calibration을 하는 방법이 오차율을 가장 줄일 수 있는 방법으로 사료된다.