• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제59권3호
• /
• pp.253-262
• /
• 2023

To identify sand crab Ovalipes punctatus populations and establish management units for each population, mtDNA COI regions were analyzed. As a result, the clade of O. punctatus in Korea were separated by two with a genetic distance of 0.17-2.08%, and there was no significant difference in the result of pairwise FST values representing genetic differentiation by sampling areas (p > 0.05). Also, no geographical separation found in the distribution of haplotypes and the results of the haplotype network. This result suggests that O. punctatus larvae were dispersed for a long time by the ocean current by suffering meroplanktonic period for 1 month, and increased the gene flow due to the development of the swimming legs for the increase in mobility. Therefore, in the results of mtDNA COI region analysis of O. punctatus in the East Sea, Yellow Sea, South Sea and East China Sea (Ieodo) of Korea, no clear intra-species differentiation was found.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2000

Genetic variation in the domestic silkworm strains (Bombyx mori) and phylogenetic relationships between domestic silkworms and wild silkworms (B. mandarina) were investigated by using a portion of mitochondrial CGI gene sequences. Ten geographic strains of B. mori we sequenced were identical in the 410 bp-section of mitochondrial COI gene. This sequence was also identical to the homologous sequence of the four Gen-Bank-registered strains, but one strain of B. mori differed a single nucleotide (0.2%) from others. MtDNA homogeneity in the B. mori strains appears to be resulted from fixation into the mast frequent mtDNA type during the course of breeding for new strains, in which an extensive indoor rearing and removal of unwanted individuals were accompanied. In the comparisons between domestic and wild silkworms, some wild silkworms were closely related to domestic silkworms (0.2%-1.2% of divergence), but the others were not (2.7%-3.7% of sequence divergence). This result was also reflected in the phylogenetic analyses, showing two independent phylogenetic groups: one including all B. mandarina sequences and the other including both B. mandarina and B. mori sequences. Thus, domestic silkworms may have been derived from the ancestor of B. mandarina, which belongs to this group, alto-ough more extensive study will provide better understanding on this issue.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.142-158
• /
• 2013

The bumblebee, Bombus ignitus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is a valuable natural resource that is widely utilized for greenhouse pollination in South Korea. Understanding the magnitude of genetic diversity and geographic relationships is of fundamental importance for long term preservation and utilization. As a first step, we sequenced a partial COI gene of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) corresponding to the "DNA barcode" region and the complete internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA from 88 individuals collected in nine South Korean localities. The complete ITS2 sequences were longest among known insects, ranging in size from 2,034 bp ~ 2,052 bp, harboring two duplicated 112-bp long repeats. The 658-bp long mtDNA sequences provided only six haplotypes with a maximum sequence divergence of 0.61% (4 bp), whereas the ITS sequences provided 84 sequence types with a maximum sequence divergence of 1.02% (21 sites). The combination of the current COI data with those of published data suggest that the B. ignitus in South Korea and China are genetically a large group, but those in Japan can be roughly separated into another group. Overall, a very high per generation migration ratio, a very low level of genetic fixation, and no discernable hierarchical population were found to exist among the South Korean populations of B. ignitus, which suggests panmixia. This finding is consistent with our understanding of the dispersal capability of the species.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2003

We investigated the sequence divergence of the geographic samples of the queen bumble bee (Bombus ardens) in Korea. A portion of mitochondrial COI gene sequences (423 bp) was analyzed for 44 individuals collected from seven localities. Sequence analysis resulted in four COI haplotypes with the maximum nucleotide divergence of only 0.5% (two bp). One haplotype (BA1) was dominant in all localities surveyed (86.4%). The finding of low sequence divergence and dominance of one haplotype appear to reflect, although limited, the life history of the B. ardens queens subjected to active dispersal and seasonal fluctuation in queen number.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.313-320
• /
• 2012

Genetic variation was surveyed at four microsatellite loci and 1416 base pairs (bp) of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI) to clarify the genetic structure of the small yellow croaker, Larimichthys polyactis, in the Yellow and East China Seas, especially regarding four provisional populations, (one Korean and three Chinese populations). Based on microsatellite DNA variations, the estimated expected heterozygosity ($H_E$) in each population ranged from 0.776 to 0.947. The microsatellite pairwise $F_{ST}$ estimates showed no significant genetic differentiation between the populations. MtDNA variations also indicated no genetic structure in L. polyactis, but very high variability. The absence of genetic differentiation among and within populations of L. polyactis may either result from the random migration of the adult or the passive dispersal of the eggs and larvae.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2004

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is notorious because of its extensive potential and actual dispersal ability. Previously, the Korean populations of P. xylostella was extensively collected and analyzed for their genetic population structure using a portion of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). One of the postulated characteristics on population genetic structure of the species includes the presence of heterogeneous haplotypes, possibly possessed by some dispersed ones from neighboring countries. In this study, we sequenced ten P. xylostella collected from China (∼2,000 km away from the middle part of Korea) to know the genetic relationships of these to the Korean P. xylostella. Sequence analysis of the identical portion of COI gene resulted in five haplotypes with the sequence divergence ranging from 0.5% (two nucleotides) to 1.1 % (five nucleotides) among them and from 0.7% (three) to 2.5% (11) to the pre-existing 52 Korean haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Chinese P. xylostella were neither clearly separated from the Korean haplotypes nor clustered with one heterogeneous Korean haplotype. This result reinforces the significance of gene flow in this species and suggests to exclude the possibility that the heterogeneous Korean haplotypes may have emigrated from China, where our samples were obtained, although further extensive investigation is required.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제55권4호
• /
• pp.523-528
• /
• 2016

풀무치(Locusta migratoria)는 벼과 작물(벼, 옥수수 등)에 큰 피해를 주는 세계적으로 유명한 메뚜기목 해충의 하나로서 밀도요인에 따라 형태와 행동적으로 구별되는 단독형(solitaria)과 군집형(gregaria)을 나타낸다. 풀무치는 전세계적으로 다양한 형태적인 변이가 알려져 있으나 최근의 분자생물학적 연구에 따르면 2가지 계통, 즉 남방계통(아프리카, 남유럽, 동남아시아, 호주)과 북방계통(동아시아, 유라시아)으로 나뉜다. 2014년 8월 전남 해남군 산이면에서 군집형 약충들이 대발생하여 주변 잡초 및 작물(벼, 기장)에 큰 피해를 주었다. 우리나라에서 군집형 풀무치의 발생에 대한 명확한 학술적 보고는 이번이 처음이다. 해남지역의 풀무치 대발생 지점에서 채집한 풀무치 12개체의 COI 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 0.0%-0.9%의 유전적 변이를 보였으며, 모두 북방계통에 속했다.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국어업기술학회 2000년도 춘계수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
• /
• pp.497-498
• /
• 2000

The venus clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, is an aquaculture shellfish mainly distributed in an intertidal zone of East Asia including Korea, China and Japan. The morphological variation of this species is great. In fact, two of the most popular markers used in molecular evolution, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA), have quite different properties, which could translate into different consequences of mutation, drift, migration and selection on patterns of geographical variation and molecular divergence. (omitted)

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.44-48
• /
• 2009

Nucleotide sequences of about 500 bp from the 5' end of mitochondrial (mt) DNA Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) were analyzed to estimate the genetic variation between wild and cultured populations of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi from two sites along the coast of Korea. A total of 25 haplotypes were defined by 21 variable nucleotide sites in the examined COI region. Genetic diversity (haplotype diversity and nucleotide divergence) of wild populations was higher than that of the cultured population. These data suggest that reduced genetic variation in the cultured population may have results from bottleneck effect caused by the use of a limited number of parental stock and pooling of gametes for fertilization. Pairwise population $F_{ST}$ estimates inferred that wild and cultured populations were genetically distinct. The combined results suggest that sequence polymorphism in the COI region would be preferable for estimating the genetic diversity of ascidian populations.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.27-37
• /
• 2023

Kushia zosteraphila Harris V.A. & Iwasaki, 1996 is newly collected and described from macroalgae in the intertidal region of Gijang-gun, along the southeastern coastal region of Korea. Kushia zosteraphila can be distinguished from congeners by following morphological characteristics: the length of the first dorsal seta similar with the second dorsal seta of female P5, the length to width ratio of the female caudal ramus, and the presence of a conspicuous comb on the accessory lobe of the male antennule. Although there are some minor discrepancies, the main diagnostic characteristics of the specimen from the study area are well-matched with the original description. We herein provide detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of this species. According to a survey of the location of the reported porcellidiid species in Korea, this specimen is the second record in Korean waters of the genus Kushia. A key to species of the family Porcellidiidae in Korea is provided. A partial sequence of the mitochondrial COI gene was obtained and provided as a DNA barcode for this species.