• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2005

We investigated the activation of the cerebral cortex during active movement, passive movement, and functional electrical stimulation (FES), which was provided on wrist extensor muscles. A functional magnetic resonance imaging study was performed on 5 healthy volunteers. Tasks were the extension of right wrist by active movement, passive movement, and FES at the rate of .5 Hz. The regions of interest were measured in primary motor cortex (M1), primary somatosensory cortex (SI), secondary somatosensory cortex (SII), and supplementary motor area (SMA). We found that the contralateral SI and SII were significantly activated by all of three tasks. The additional activation was shown in the areas of ipsilateral S1 (n=2), and contralateral (n=1) or ipsilateral (n=2) SII, and bilateral SMA (n=3) by FES. Ipsilateral M1 (n=1), and contralateral (n=1) or ipsilateral SII (n=1), and contralateral SMA (n=1) were activated by active movement. Also, Contralateral SMA (n=3) was activated by passive movement. The number of activated pixels on SM1 by FES ($12{\pm}4$ pixels) was smaller than that by active movement ($18{\pm}4$ pixels) and nearly the same as that by passive movement ($13{\pm}4$ pixels). Findings reveal that active movement, passive movement, and FES had a direct effect on cerebral cortex. It suggests that above modalities may have the potential to facilitate brain plasticity, if applied with the refined-specific therapeutic intervention for brain-injured patients.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.647-658
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Korean traditional dance movement training on balance, gait and leg strength in elderly women who are forced to remain at home. Fifteen elderly women of an experimental group between the ages 65 and 75 years who have normal vision and passed the hearing and Romberg test, participated in the 12 weeks' dance movement training. Fourteen subjects of a control group were selected. Korean traditional dance movement training was developed on the basis of Korean traditional dance and music by the authors. It took approximately 50 minutes to perform the dance movement program. The subjects of the experimental group practiced dance training for 3 times a week during 12 weeks. During the 50 minutes workout, the subjects practiced 15 minutes of a warm-up dance, 25 minutes of a conditioning dance, and 10 minutes of a cool-down dance. The intensity for the conditioning phase was between 60% and 65% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. The balance, gait and leg strength were measured prior to and after the experimental treatment. Total balance scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Scores of sternal nudge, one leg standing balance and reaching up among 13 items have significantly increased after the dance movement training. Total scores of gait of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group following the korean traditional dance movement training. Scores of experimental group in step height, path deviation and turning while walking among 9 items have increased significantly following 12 weeks of dance movement training. The leg strength of experimental group was significantly higher than those of the control group following the Korean traditional dance movement training. The balance, gait and leg strength have significantly correlated in the experimental group following the Korean traditional dance movement training. The results suggest that Korean traditional dance movement training can improve balance, gait and leg strength in home bound elderly women.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.383-392
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• 1996

An observation and evaluation of the reproducibility of the mandibular movements has been a integral part of a test for mandibular function and dysfunction. After Pantographic Reproducibility Index(PRI) was introduced in dentistry, many authors have used the index for investigation of mandibular movement function, especially in condylar compartment. Howerer, the difficult and time-consuming work of instrumentation for getting the PRI has been a major obstacle in using pantograph. This study was performed to try a new mandibular reproducibility index, so-called BioEGN reproducibility index(BERI), calculated from mandibular trajectory recorded with BioEGN. 26 dental students without any signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and 22 patients with temporomandibular disorders took part in this study and classed to control group and patients group, respectively. Pantronic and BioEGN were used to record and calculate the indices, PRI and BERI. PRI had only one value, but BERI had two values of outgoing and incoming movement in each scale. With two scales of small and large, as a result, BERI had four values in this study. PRI corresponded to BERI in small scale on outgoing total movements. The data were calculated and analyzed with SAS/stat program and the conclusion of this study were as follows : 1. In every scales, in each movement, BERI on outgoing movement in control group was lower than that in patients group, respectively, but BERI on incoming movement was only different in one side movement, that was, left excursion. 2. The difference between BERI on outgoing movement and BERI on incoming movement was only shown in small scale on total movements, not in each movement, in control group. However, there was generally a positive correlationship between BERI on outgoing movement and BERI on incoming movement in each movement in both groups. 3. Simple statistics of PRI was similar to that of BERI on total movements in small scale, but there was a negative correlation between PRI and BERI on total movements in large sclae only in patients group.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제33권
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• pp.253-285
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• 2006

본고는 개별 시민들이 일상생활 속에서 체감하는 문제들을 네트 상에서 제기하고 동일한 이해를 갖는 시민들이 자발적으로 참여하여 조직되는 개인 차원의 온라인 시민 사회운동에 관심을 갖고 안티닉스 운동을 사례로 삼아 운동의 공론화는 누가 어떤 과정으로, 어떻게 진행했으며, 어떤 결과를 낳았는가와 안티닉스 운동의 공론화 과정에서 형성되는 담론의 특징은 무엇인가를 분석해 보았다. 연구 결과 안티닉스 운동은 사이트 운영자와 그를 따르는 적극적 참여자에 의해 주도된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 운동 전반에 걸쳐 사이트 운영자의 다양한 운동 전략이 사이트 방문자들의 적극적 참여를 유도하는 안티닉스 운동의 성공요인임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 안티닉스 운동 게시판의 공론장은 익명성을 바탕으로 욕설과 비방이 주를 이루기보다는 전통적 공론장의 기능과 역할에 가깝다는 점을 발견할 수 있었다. 또한 일시적으로 난장의 요소가 지나쳐 공론장의 기능을 약화시키는 경우, 이를 견제하는 이성적인 참여자들이 등장하는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 또한, 게시판 운영자의 전략적이며 효과적인 대응 역시 안티닉스 운동의 공론장이 전통적인 공론장에 가깝게 기능할 수 있도록 돕는 데 중요한 요소로 작용하고 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1768-1773
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• 2019

Background: Aging reduces cognitive abilities, including visual memory (VM) and visual discrimination (VD). Since common cortical networks subserve eye movement and attention, voluntary eye movement may improve visual attention. Visual selective attention was major role for memory, and visual memory and visual attention are intimately related. Objective: To identify the improvement in VD and VM, after implementing the eye movement program consisting of saccadic eye movement (SEM) and pursuit eye movement (PEM) in the institutionalized healthy elderly. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The study involved a sample of 36 participants, and the mean age was 79.03 years (range 76~84 years). They were randomly allocated to the experimental group (n=16) and control group (n=20). Participants in the experimental group performed SEM 5 times per week for 4 weeks: twice daily at the same time in the morning and afternoon. The program was carried out for 3 minutes, and it consisted of SEM and PEM. The target's moving frequency was set at 0.5 Hz. VM and VD at the baseline and post-intervention were measured using Motor-Free Visual Perception test-4 (MFVPT-4). Results: VM significantly improved in the experimental group (p < .01), and significant differences were observed compared to the control group (p < .01). There was no significant change in VD. Conclusion: The eye movement program consisting of SEM and PEM increased VM more than VD. Therefore, eye movement program was feasible interventions for improving VM in institutionalized elderly persons.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.833-852
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• 1996

Regular long term dance movement could be one of ways to induce improvement of psychophysiological variables, resulting in improvement of quality of life. However, there have been few studies to evaluate the effect of dance movement training on both physiological and psychological variables in the elderly. This study was focused to determine the effect of Korean traditional dance movement training on psychophysiological variables-body weight, body fat, lean body mass, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, agility, resting heart rate and blood pressure, depression and life satisfaction-in Korean elderly women. Thirty four subjects, aged between 65 and 75years who have normal cognition, sensory function, cerebellum function, cardiovascular function, participated in this study. Seventeen experimental group subjects were selected from E-elderly university in Kyung Gi province, and Seventeen control group subjects were selected from N-welfare facility in Seoul City. Seventeen experimental group subjects participated for 12weeks dance movement program. Korean traditional dance movement program was developed on the basis of Korean traditional dance and music by the author. The program consisted of approximately 50minutes of dance, 3times a week for 12weeks. During 50minutes workout, there were 15minutes of warm-up dancing, 25minutes of conditioning dance and 10minutes of cool-down dancing. The intensity for the conditioning phase was at between 60% and 65% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. The body weight, body fat, lean body mass, muscle strength(grip strength, leg strength), muscle endurance, flexibility, agility, resting heart rate and blood pressure, depression and life satis-faction were measured prior to and following the experimental treatment. The participants in dance movement were interviewed focusing on subjective feeling following 12 week's regular dance movement. Data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, percentage of change, X²-test, t-test, and ANCOVA test using SPSS PC/sup +/ program. Subjective feeling was categorized into cognitopsy-chological and physiological responses. Results were obtained as follows : 1) The body weight (F=15.52, p=.000), body fat (F=18.33, p=.000) and lean body mass (F=7.28, p=.011) of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the dance movement training. 2) The leg strength (F=30.96, p=.000), muscle endurance (F=9.06, p=.005), agility(F=44.92, 000), flexibility(F=6.84, p=.014) of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group following the dance movement training. There was no significant difference of grip strength(F=.43, p=.515) between experimental and control groups. 3) The heart rate(F=26.96, p=.000), systolic (F=10.40, p=.000) and diastolic(F=3.99, p=.005) blood pressure at rest of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the dance movement training. 4) No significant difference of score of depression (F=3.49, p=.071) was observed between experimental and control groups. 5) Score of life satisfaction of experimental group was remarkably higher than that of control group following 12weeks of dance movement training (p<0.05). 6) Thematic responses about the dance movement following the training were positive. "I feel good" was the most frequent among cognitopsychological responses and "I feel lightness of body" was the most frequent among physiological responses. The results suggest that Korean traditional dance movement training can improve psychophysiological variables of Korean elderly.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2020

Shipyards are potential environments for using IoT services, sensor networks, and delay tolerant networks. Simulations of those services and networks strongly rely on human mobility models. Results obtained with an unrealistic model may not reflect the true performance of applications, protocols, and algorithms in a shipyard. A lot of synthetic models for human movements have been studied but most of them are generic and focus on the daily movements of humans on city scales. Nevertheless, workers in shipyards have unique movement characteristics such as movement speed, pause time, and attractions places. For instance, workers usually move to some places, where they work, and rarely move to other places in the factory. Movement characteristics of workers not only depend on workers but also on tasks, which they do. For instance, workers, who paint ships, have similar movement speed and pause time. Hence, in this paper, human movements in shipyards are studied. We propose a new human mobility model called the human mobility mode in shipyards (MIS). In MIS, workers are classified into multiple types. Movement characteristics of a worker are similar to other workers in the same type. Based on the visiting probability, workers have some places, where they frequently visits, and some places, where they rarely visit. We analyze real mobility traces and studie to achieve human movement characteristics from real traces. The results show that MIS provides a well-match to the movement characteristic from real traces.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1120-1129
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• 2015

본 논문은 심박에 동기화된 맥파 즉 PPG신호를 측정하고, 신호에 동잡음이 포함 되어있는지를 판단하는 방안을 제안한다. 피 측정자의 움직임에 의한 동잡음은 PPG신호를 심각하게 왜곡한다. 따라서 신호에 동잡음이 포함되었는지 판단하는 신호처리 방법이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 측정하는 PPG신호에 동잡음이 포함되어있는지를 판단하기 위해 국소푸리에변환 대신 웨이블릿 변환을 이용하여 결정하는 신호처리 방법을 제안한다. 또한, 다양한 웨이블릿 중에서 피실험자의 PPG 신호에 적응된 웨이블릿 선택하였다. 실험에서 사용자가 측정 전체 시간 대비 20%, 30% 시간동안 임의의 움직임을 통해 동잡음을 포함시킨 경우 제안한 신호처리 방법을 이용한 결과 사용자가 동잡음을 포함시킨 모든 구간을 동잡음이 포함된 구간으로 판단하였으며, 고정 웨이블릿 방법보다 더 우수한 성능을 보였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2014

ONE 시뮬레이터로 구현된 근무일 이동 모델은 교통수단을 이용하여 실제와 비슷한 환경을 제공한다. 하지만, 근무일 이동 모델은 교통수단 중에 택시 이동 모델은 누락되어 있다. 그래서 선행 연구로 택시 이동 모델을 ONE 시뮬레이터로 구현하였다. ONE 시뮬레이터 안에서 라우팅 프로토콜의 실험결과는 이동 모델에 따라 크게 달라진다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 ONE 시뮬레이터에 택시 이동 모델을 이용하였을 때, 전염 라우팅 프로토콜과 같은 DTN 라우팅 프로토콜의 성능 평가 결과를 분석한다.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.127-143
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• 2009

Tough-construction is, undoubtedly, one of the most puzzling syntactic problems in the history of transformational grammar. Various approaches have been proposed including Deletion approaches (Akmajian, 1972; Lasnik and Fiengo, 1974) and movement approaches. Among the movement approaches, Chomsky (1977; 1981) argues for movement of null Operator, and Hornstein (2001) argues for a two-step movement equipped with Sideward movement. Most recently, Schueler (2004) and Hartman (2009) each have also argued for a kind of movement approach. With the development of the Minimalist syntax (Chomsky, 1995; Chomsky, 2000; Chomsky, 2001), tough-construction, an age old problem in the description of grammar, turns into another round toward to a more satisfactory answer. By examining the most recent competing analyses of tough-constructions, this paper defends and extends Schueler's (2004) analysis, rather than Hartman's (2009) two step movement approach. Furthermore, this paper proposes that tough-subject originates from the intermediate CP internal Spec-TopicP position rather than from the iterated CP layer (Authier, 1992). This approach has more descriptive power than it was originally argued for in Schueler (2004) and is a step closer toward Minimalism insofar as the conception of government is no longer utilized.