• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.141-148
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• 2011

There are many factors that affect speech intelligibility and speech acceptability. Structural anomalies and neuromotor pathologies are known for the reasons of abnormal speech sounds. And there are minor variations related to oral mechanism. Speaking with restricted mouth opening related to therapeutic procedure or habitual speech pattern might affect the quality of speech sounds. So this study compared speech intelligibility and speech acceptability of recorded 24 words in two conditions (restricted mouth opening condition and normal mouth opening condition) by 30 normal hearing adults. The results showed that speech intelligibility and speech acceptability were significantly lower in restricted mouth opening condition. And speech acceptability was significantly lower than speech intelligibility in restricted mouth opening condition. Speech acceptability in restricted mouth opening condition was significantly lower especially in open vowel. These findings indicated that the mouth opening condition could affect vowel shape and could be an adverse effect on speech intelligibility and speech acceptability.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.112-117
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• 2023

Coronoid process hyperplasia (CPH) of the mandible is a rare condition in which abnormal elongation of the coronoid process leads to chronic mandibular hypomobility. CPH causes impingement or impedance of the coronoid process on the inner surface of the frontal part of the zygomatic bone during mouth opening. The lack of significant symptoms makes the diagnosis difficult. Its etiology remains inconclusive despite several theories being suggested. In this report, three reviewed cases are presented. All three patients visited our clinic with limited mouth opening as the chief complaint. Standard clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted under the initial impression of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), and restricted jaw movements were confirmed in all cases. The absence of improved signs and symptoms following conservative treatment for TMDs or the indeterminate plain radiographs required the attending clinicians to consider three-dimensional imagery. Computed tomography revealed bilateral coronoid hyperplasia in all cases and impingement on the zygomatic bone in two of the three cases. After concluding that this condition caused the patients' limited mouth opening, the patients were referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for possible bilateral coronoidectomy or coronoidotomy. CPH usually presents no symptoms apart from a progressive reduction of mouth opening over time. Diagnosis is often delayed, and patients may undergo unnecessary treatment procedures. Clinicians should be aware of this condition and exercise caution in the differential diagnosis of patients with chronic mandibular hypomobility.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.133-136
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• 2016

Facial abscess is a suppurative condition that is caused by infection and that its infected materials built up within the loose connective tissues or a fascial space of the head and neck. Facial abscess should be treated with a caution since it can make threat to patient's life. When pus collects near masticatory muscles, it may lead to masticatory muscle disorder reducing the range of mouth opening and the mobility of jaw. The authors review an uncommon case of facial abscess which occurred in temporal muscle and induced mouth opening limitation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.301-307
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• 2014

Coronoid process hyperplasia is a rare condition that causes mouth opening limitation, otherwise known as trismus. The elongated coronoid processes impinge on the medial surfaces of the zygomatic arches when opening the mouth, which limits movement of the mandible and leads to trismus. Patients with trismus due to coronoid process hyperplasia do not have any definite symptoms such as temporomandibular joint pain or sounds upon clinical examination, and no significant abnormal signs are observed on panoramic radiographs or magnetic resonance images of the temporomandibular joint. Thus, the diagnosis of trismus is usually very difficult. However, computed tomography can help with the diagnosis, and the condition can be treated by surgery and postoperative physical therapy. This paper describes four cases of patients who visited our clinic for trismus and were subsequently diagnosed with coronoid process hyperplasia. Three were successfully treated with a coronoidectomy and postoperative physical therapy.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.133-148
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• 2022

Treatment of mandibular coronoid process hyperplasia (MCPH) has been described and explored in the literature. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the surgical and non-surgical treatment options for MCPH in pediatric and adult populations. Three databases were searched for treatment of MCPH patients (MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science). Two reviewers selected case reports and case series based on titles and abstracts. Finally, 55 studies reporting a total of 127 cases were included for qualitative synthesis and data extraction. The mean age at symptom onset was 15.6 years, while the mean age at diagnosis was 23.5 years. Of the included cases, 83.7% were male, and the condition was bilateral in more than 81% of the cases. Coronoidectomy was performed in 82.7% of the included cases, while coronoidotomy was performed in 3.9% of the cases. In 85.0% of the surgically treated cases, the approach was intraoral. The mean maximal intraoperative mouth opening was 38.1 mm compared with 16.5 mm at diagnosis. The mean maximal postoperative mouth opening was 35.3 mm, and the mean follow-up period was 16.3 months. Maximum mouth opening was achieved intraoperatively, and non-surgical treatment after surgery aims to reduce the risk of relapse. Additional research with a higher level of evidence is necessary to confirm these findings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.200-213
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• 1993

A model experiment on a midwater rope trawl net which is used in the North Pacific to catch alaska pollack is carried out in the circulating tank to examine the basic efficiency of the net. The prototype is the net used by M/S Hanil(1, 179GT, 2, 700PS), a Korean trawler. The model net was made according to the Tauti's Similarity Law of Fishing Gear in 1/100 scale by considering the condition of the tank. To measure the basic efficiency of the standard model net, the vertical opening and width between some points marked on the net were measured, and the hydrodynamic resistance were determined. Then the constructive conditions of the net were varied as follows and the factors were measured again to compare the efficiency of those nets with that of the standard net(A-1 type) front weight multiplied 1.5 times: A-2 type. buoyancy and depressing force multiplied 1.7 times: A-3 type. front weight multiplied 1.5 times on A-3 type: A-4 type. depressors rigged at ground rope: B type. cod-end stuffed with cashmylon wad: C type. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. The vertical opening at the center of head rope was steeply decreased with the flow velocity increasing and the vertical opening H(m) can be expressed in H=1.2v super(-1.2)(v : flow velocity in m/sec). The width of the net varied a little when the flow velocity was over 0.4m/sec, and the width of net mouth showed about 37% of the distance between the fore tips of net pendant. The shape of net mouth was almost a circle at 0.2m/sec and then steeply flatted elliptically with the flow velocity increasing and the area of mouth S(m super(2)) can be expressed in S=(1.65-2.3v)$\times$10 super(-2). The hydrodynamic resistance of the net increased almost linearly with the flow velocity increasing and the resistance R(kg) can be expressed in R=3.2$\times$d/l$\times$abv. where d/l denotes the mean of d(diameter of netting twine) and l(length of a leg in a mesh) from wing tip to the end of bag-net except cod-end on the side pannel, and a denotes the strectched circumference of the net at the fore end of a meshed part and b the stretched length of the whole net from wing tip to the end of cod-end. 2. In the condition-varied nets, the vertical opening of head rope showed some increase in every type net except the C type, and the increase showed the greatest in the B type by 30~54%, whereas it showed decrease in the C type by 5~10%. Variation of the area of net mouth showed almost the same tendency as the vertical opening and the increase showed the greatest in the B type by 20%, whereas it showed decrease in the C type by 12%. Hydrodynamic resistance showed some increase in every type compared with the standard net, and the rate of increase indicated 5~10% in the A-2, A-3 and A-4 type, 22% in the B type and 3% in the C type.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.189-193
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• 2013

We experienced dfficult airway management in a patient who had Ludwig angina with morbid obesity, dfficulty with mouth opening and neck extension. We planned to perform awake-nasotracheal intubation with fiberoptic bronchoscopy but the patient's condition was not suitable to do this procedure. Thus, we tried fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation under general anesthesia but we experienced difficult airway management due to epistaxis. We tried to use video laryngoscope instead of fiberpotic bronchoscopy but also failed to guide the tube into trachea due to limited mouth opening. We used video laryngoscope to make a view of vocal cord and used fiberoptic bronchoscope as an intubation guide of endotrachedal tube and successfully intubated the patient.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2013

Myositis ossificans is a condition characterized by ossification within a muscle. It is a rare and unusual pathologic entity that has defied medical efforts to establish a definite etiology, pathogenesis, and satisfactory treatment of the disease. The condition predominantly affects the flexor muscles of the upper limbs and thighs, but rarely the head and neck area. A 53-year-old male patient visited our medical institution complaining of trismus, defined as limited mouth opening. The patient had a history of trauma to the facial bones and the computed tomography scans revealed calcification in the left temporalis muscle. The patient underwent surgical removal of the calcified mass with bilateral coronoidectomy under general anesthesia. Mouth opening at the end of post-operative 2 months was 28 mm. His oral intake of food was satisfactory. Myositis ossificans of the temporalis muscle is a very rare case. Satisfactory outcome was obtained by combining surgical excision of the affected muscle, coronoidectomy, and detachment of the insertion site of the ossified muscle.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 2021

This study examined the effects of the forward head posture on the maximum mouth opening of the jaw joint and the muscle activity and asymmetry of the temporalis and masseter. The craniovertebral angle was measured in 50 subjects (23.10±2.73 years) who met the selection requirements of the study. The maximum mouth opening, muscle activity, and muscle asymmetry were measured by reducing 0%, 10%, and 20%. As the craniovertebral angle decreased, the maximum mouth opening decreased (p<.001), the muscle activity of the right and left temporalis decreased (p<.001), and the muscle activity of the left temporalis also decreased. (p<.01). The asymmetry rate of the added muscles of the left and right temporalis, left and right temporalis, and masseter increased according to the change in condition (p<.01). The results of this study are expected to help establish a treatment strategy and comprehensive diagnosis for the temporomandibular joint and present a theoretical basis of manual therapy and therapeutic exercises used for the treatment of TMD.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.161-165
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• 2020

Background: Microstomia is defined as a condition with a small sized-mouth that results in functional impairment such as difficulty with food intake, pronunciation, and poor oral hygiene and cosmetic problems. Several treatment methods for microstomia have been proposed. None of them are universally applicable. This study aims at analyzing the cases treated at our institution critically reviewing the pertinent literature. Methods: The medical records of all microstomia patients treated in our hospital from November 2015 to April 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Of these, all patients who received surgical treatment for microstomia were included in the study and analyzed for etiology, chief complaint, surgical method, and outcomes. The functional outcomes of mouth opening and intercommissure distance before and after the surgery were evaluated. The cosmetic results were assessed according to the patients' satisfaction. Results: Five patients with microstomia were corrected. Two cases were due to scar contracture after chemical burn, two cases derived from repeated excision of skin cancer, and one patient suffered sequela of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The following surgical methods were applied: one full-thickness skin graft on the buccal mucosa, three buccal mucosal advancement flaps after triangular excision of the mouth corner, and one local buccal mucosal flap. Mouth opening was increased by 6.0 mm, and the intercommissure distance improved by 7.2 mm on average. Follow-up was 9.6 months (range, 5-14 months). Cosmetic assessment was as follows: two patients found the results excellent, three judged it as good. Conclusion: Microstomia has several causes. In order to achieve optimal functional recovery and aesthetic improvement it is important to precisely evaluate the etiologic factors and the severity of the impairment and to carefully choose the appropriate surgical method.