• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.306-313
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• 2017

Purple bamboo salt (PuBS) is commonly used as a medicinal food in Korea and has beneficial potentials such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Rubus coreanus is called Bokbunja, which is used as a traditional medicine for treating asthma, impotence, and allergic diseases in Korea. The aim of present study was to investigate the immunostimulatory effect of PuBS composed with Rubus coreanus (PuBS-R). We performed comparative analysis between PuBS and PuBS-R in Raw264.7 cells, which is a mouse macrophage cell line, and peritoneal macrophages isolated primarily from the mouse peritoneal cavity. We evaluated cytotoxicity and the immune cytokine response in PuBS- and PuBS-R-treated cells. Both PuBS and PuBS-R did not have any cytotoxicity in Raw264.7 cells up to $500{\mu}g/mL$. Gene and protein levels of immune cytokines such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), $interferon-{\gamma}$ ($IFN-{\gamma}$), interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-12 were significantly elevated by PuBS-R more than PuBS in Raw264.7 cells. Moreover, we evaluated the immunostimulatory effects of PuBS-R on mouse primary peritoneal macrophages. Protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IFN-{\gamma}$, IL-10, and IL-12 were significantly higher in PuBS-R-treated peritoneal macrophages than PuBS-treated peritoneal macrophages. These results suggest the potential immunostimulatory effect of PuBS-R for immunity against harmful infection.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 2000

Toxoplasma-killing activities of mouse peritoneal macrophages activated by the extracts of Tetrahymena pyriformis (Korean and Chinese strains) were evaluated, and the active protein fractions from both strains were partially characterized by a method including chromatographies and SDS-PAGE. The first peak in Korean strain and the second peak in Chinese strain of T. pyriformis obtained by DEAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography were most effective in the activation of macrophages to kill Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in vitro. Subsequent fractionations of obtained peak fractions were performed on a Sephadex G-200 gel. The first peaks fractionated from both strains of T. pyrtyomis had the highest toxoplasmacidal activities, and when subjected to the SDS-PAGE, one prominent band was visualized for each of the strains showing the same molecular weight of ca. 52.6 kDa. This active protein is suggested to be related to non-specific activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.27-39
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• 1997

The purpose of this research was to investigate effects of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen(BCL) on T-lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages in mice. The apoptosis and subpopulation of T-lymphocytes were tested using a flow cytometer. The phagocytic activity of mouse peritoneal macrophage was tested using a luminometer. Nitric oxide production was tested using a Griess reagents. BCL induced T-lymphocytes apoptosis. BCL increased $T_H$ cells population and decreased $T_C$ cells population of T-lymphocyte, but did not affect splenocytes subpopulation. BCL increased nitric oxide production and phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophage in mice. These results suggest that BCL regulates the immune system in consequence of an increase in helper T cell population and macrophages activation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of fupenjic acid (FA) isolated from the Potentilla discolor in both RAW 264.7 and mouse primary peritoneal macrophage cells. FA pretreatment significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ productions in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 and mouse primary peritoneal macrophage cells. Consistent with these observations, Western blot and RT-PCR analyses revealed that FA inhibited the LPS-induced expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at the protein and mRNA levels. In addition, FA reduced the release of tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These results suggest that the down regulation of iNOS and COX-2 expression and TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-6 production by fupenjic acid are responsible for its anti-inflammatory effects.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.451-459
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• 1999

Background : In sepsis, excessive generation of reactive oxygen species plays key roles in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. The serum antioxidants such as catalase and MnSOD are elevated in sepsis and considered as predictors of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) and prognostic factors of sepsis. Peroxiredoxin(Prx) has recently been known as an unique and major intracellular antioxidant. In this study, we evaluated the expression of Prx I and Prx II in mouse monocyte-macrophage cells(RAW 267.7) after treatment of oxidative stress and endotoxin and measured the amount of Prx I, Prx II and thioredoxin(Trx) in peritoneal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of septic animal model. Methods : Using immunoblot analysis with specific antibodies against Prx I, Prx II and Trx, we evaluated the distribution of Prx I and Prx II in human neutrophil, alveolar macrophage and red blood cell. We evaluated the expression of Prx I and Prx II in mouse monocyte-macrophage cells after treatment of $5\;{\mu}M$ menadione and $1\;{\mu}g/ml$ lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and measured the amount of Prx I, Prx II and Trx in peritoneal lavage fluid of intraperitoneal septic animals(septic animal model induced with intraperitoneal 6 mg/Kg LPS injection) and those in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of intraperitoneal septic animals and intravenous septic animals(septic animal model induced with intravenous 5 mg/Kg LPS injection) and compared with the severity of lung inflammation. Results : The distribution of Prx I and Prx II were so different among human neutrophil, alveolar macrophage and red blood cell. The expression of Prx I in mouse monocyte-macrophage cells was increased after treatment of $5\;{\mu}M$ menadione and $1\;{\mu}g/ml$ lipopolysaccharide but that of Prx II was not increased. The amount of Prx I, Prx II and Trx were increased in peritoneal lavage fluid of intraperitoneal septic animals but were not increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of intraperitoneal and intravenous septic animals regardless of the severity of lung inflammation. Conclusion : As intracellular antioxidant, the expression of Prx I is increased in mouse monocyte-macrophage cells after treatment of oxidative stress and endotoxin. The amount of Prx I, Prx II and Trx are increased in local inflammatory site but not increased in injured lung of septic animal model.

• 대한한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.177-177
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• 2007

• 대한한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.178-178
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1997.10b
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• pp.306.1-306
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• 1997

No Abstract, See Full Text

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.755-761
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• 2012

In this study, we examined immuno-modulatory activities of crude polysaccharides from wild ginseng adventitious roots (WGAR). The crude polysaccharide (WGAR-CP) was isolated from WGAR by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and dialysis. The major constituents in WGAR-CP were neutral sugar (64.77%), and uronic acid (34.32%). WGAR-CP demonstrated anti-complementary activity dose-dependently. The immuno-modulatory effects of WGAR-CP were also analyzed by measuring nitric oxide and cytokines in the supernatants of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with WGAR-CP produced nitric oxide and various cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-12 in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, WGAR-CP may have immuno-modulatory activities by activating a complementary system and macrophages, which produces cytokines.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2009

Polygoni multiflori Ramulus (PM), the stem of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. has been widely used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of lots of diseases. In macrophages, nitric oxide is released as an inflammatory mediator and has been proposed to be an important modulator of many pathophysiological conditions in inflammation. In the present study, it was investigated that the inhibitory effects on NO and proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the mechanism of down-regulation of immune response by 85% methanol extracts of PM in mouse (C57BL/6) peritoneal macrophages. Extracts of PM (0.1, 1 mg/ml) suppressed NO production and showed inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 and it attenuated iNOS and COX-2 expression via down-regulation of NF-${\kappa}$B activation. The present results indicate that the 85% methanol extracts of PM has an inhibitory effect on the production of NO through down-regulation of iNOS expression in LPS stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages and therefore may be beneficial in diseases which related to macrophage-mediated inflammatory disorders.