• Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.247-254
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• 2005

This study aimed at clarifing clinical effects of eight-step continuum treatment in a patient who showed apraxia of speech after stroke. The eight-step continuum treatment consisted of 8 steps and its clinical efficacy has been proven with American apraxic patients. However, it has not been clinically proven to be effective in Korean patients with apraxia of speech as of yet. Therefore, this study was conducted in an effort to provide preliminary clinical evidence regarding its effectiveness regardless of the linguistic differences between Korean and English. The therapy took place twice a week for 6 months, a total of 48 times. The results showed that the patient's receptive language was improved from 83% to 89% and 37% in accuracy, and expressive language from 15% to 37%. It seemed that spontaneous recovery did not playa role in his improvement since the study was conducted 2 years after the stroke. In addition, the improvement of expressive language was much greater(22%) than that of receptive language(6%), which implied that the therapy was effective in apraxia of speech because apraxia of speech is relatively confined to expressive ability, more specifically motor programming and sequencing.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.364-371
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• 2005

Fuel cell systems(FCS) have a financial and environmental advantage by providing electricity at a high efficiency and useful heat. For use in a residence, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system(PEFCS) with a battery pack and a hot water storage tank has been modelled and simulated. The system is operated without connection to grid line. Its electric conversion efficiency and heat recovery performance are highly dependent on operation strategies and also on the seasonal thermal and electric load pattern. The output of the fuel cell is controlled stepwise as a function of the state of the battery and/or the storage water tank. In this study various operation strategies for cogeneration fuel cell systems are investigated. Average fuel saving rates at different seasons are calculated to find proper load management strategy. The scheme can be used to determine the optimal operating strategies of PEFCS for residential and building applications.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1993.07b
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• pp.749-752
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• 1993

This paper deals with the development of three phase 440[V], 500[KVA] Inverter system using the IGBT Devices. IGBT's have been used very successfully in variable frequency induction motor drive equipment. Problems associated with power devices characteristics when power devices are operated in parallel, such as balanced switching behavior and thermal stability, can be solved by using NPT type IGBT's. By Experimental results, it is confirmed that the voltage overshoot and reverse recovery current was very low. The equipment had proved to be reliable and short circuit proof. In addition, the performances in term of thermal characteristics, protection functions and stability are satisfactory.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.393-396
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• 2001

Objectives: We were to assess the effectiveness of combined therapy of Oriental Medicine and Western Medicine on acute stroke. Methods: We selected acute middle cerebral artery territory infarction subjects, within 3 days after stroke onset, who had never have any type of stroke history before. The subjects, admitted to department of Oriental Medicine, received combination therapy of western medical treatment including thrombolytic, anticoagulant, or antiplatelet agents and oriental medical treatment including acupuncture and herbs medication. The other subjects, admitted to department of Neurology, received only modern western medical treatment. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was checked at admission, 1 week and 2 weeks later to assess neurologic improvement. The Modified Barthel Index (MBI) was checked 1 week and 2 weeks after admission to motor function recovery. Results: Comparing the NIHSS between baseline and 1 week later, the combination therapy group showed more improvement than the single-treated with anticoagulants group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups, comparing 1 week and 2 weeks later with the NIHSS and the MBI. Conclusions: Combination therapy have more beneficial effect on acute stage of stroke.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.309-318
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the subacute intravenous toxicity of rHu-EPO in Sprague-Dawley rats. rHu-EPO was daily administered to male and female rats for 30 days with different dose levels(100, 500, 2,500 unit/ kg). After the administration period of 30 days, 5 males and 5females rats per each dose group were assigned for recovery period of additional 30 days. There were no clinical signs compared with control group but slight decrease in spontaneous motor activities and locomotions were observed at high dose groups of males and females. In males, feed consumption was reduced at 500 unit/kg and body weight gain was retarded. In the administration sites of tail, focal congestion was observed in a few animals treated with rHu-EPO. No deaths were occurred during the course of study. In hematological examination. a significant increase of hemoglobin and hematocrit was observed in the males and females rats receiving high dose of rHu-EPO. rHu-EPO administration for 30 days showed a marked decrease in glucose concentration. At the highest dose groups, there was a significant incerase in the weights of spleens in both sexes. but this was considered to be related to its pharmacological activity. These results indicate that rHu-EPO does not induce any significant toxic effect on Sprague-Dawley rats for 30 days.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.168-178
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• 2003

Strabismus refers to a extra-ocular muscle imbalance that results in improper alignment of the visual axes of two eyes. It may be divided into paralytic and non-paralytic strabismus. Paralytic strabismus is primarily a neurological problem: non-paralytic strabismus is more strictly an ophthalmologic problem. This case report focuses on paralytic strabismus resulting from palsies of the third and the sixth cranial nerves, respectively. Oculomotor nerve palsies result in binocular diplopia with characteristic patterns of strabismus. Oculomotor nerve provides motor and parasympathetic innervation to the eyes. Acquired oculomotor nerve palsies are not uncommon. Injury to the third nerve may result in complete or partial dysfunction. Complete third nerve palsy is manifested by ptosis, dilated pupil, an eye that is deviated down and out in primary position, and limited adduction, elevation, and depression. Patients with unilateral sixth nerve palsy complain of binocular, horizontal diplopia esotropia in the primary position due to unopposed action of the medial rectus and limitation of abduction due to weakness of the lateral rectus. Diplopia is worse in the direction of the paretic lateral rectus muscle. Paralytic strabismus are treated, based on the theory of Oriental medicine. with berbal medicines having gun-bi(健脾), bae-to(培土), gue-pung(祛風) effect of acupuncture around the eyes and etc. We describe a 63-year-old woman with complete the 3rd cranial nerve palsy and a 32-year-old woman with the unilateral 6th cranial nerve palsy who treated with acupuncture and herbal medicines and showed complete recovery.

• Journal of Electrodiagnosis and Neuromuscular Diseases
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2018

Posterior interosseus (PI) nerve compression is a rare form of compressive neuropathy. It can cause pain along the radial nerve course and weakness of radial nerve innervating muscles without sensory symptoms. A 65-year-old man visited our institution complaining weakness of finger extension and thumb abduction after 2 times of injections at the right elbow in local clinic. The patient's clinical history and physical examination implied an iatrogenic radial nerve injury caused by the injection. The electrophysiologic study revealed of posterior interosseus neuropathy (PIN) with incomplete conduction block. However, the ultrasound study showed that the PI nerve was compressed by an anechoic cyst. The magnetic resonance imaging also confirmed of a ganglion cyst, not a hematoma. After repeated aspirations and a steroid injection, the electrophysiologic study showed recovery of motor weakness. Despite of the clue which implying an iatrogenic injury, clinician should consider other possibilities such as ganglion cysts and ultrasound guided aspiration and steroid injection could be an effective option for conservative management.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.106-113
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the effectiveness of action observation training (AOT) and mirror therapy in improving the electroencephalograms (EEG) of stroke patients. Methods: Patients were allocated randomly to three groups: an action observation training with activity (AOTA) group (n=12), a mirror therapy with activity (MTA) group (n=11), and an AOT-only group (n=12). All groups received conventional physiotherapy in five 60-minute sessions over six weeks. The AOTA, MTA, and AOT groups practiced AOTA, MTA, and AOT, respectively, in three 30-minute sessions over six weeks. The differences between the pre- and post-treatment EEGs were assessed using a paired t-test. Comparisons between the groups were performed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The participants in the AOTA and MTA groups showed significant improvement in the EEG. AOTA improved the alpha waves of the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal lobes significantly (p<0.05). MTA improved the alpha waves of the temporal lobe significantly (p<0.05). AOT did not result in significant improvement Conclusion: AOTA and MTA improve stroke patients' EEGs. Mirror neuron activation combined with conventional stroke physiotherapy promotes motor recovery and functioning. The effect is enhanced when the actions are executed after observation. Further research into mirror neuron activation will be needed to develop methods to improve the EEGs of stroke patients.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.233-237
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• 2022

Postpolio syndrome (PPS) is widely known to manifest as muscle weakness in patients affected by poliomyelitis in early childhood. This is caused by the long-term overwork of motor nerves regenerated from surviving nerve cells. We report a characteristic delay in recovery from muscle relaxation after administering rocuronium to a patient with PPS under general anesthesia with desflurane. A 59-year-old woman was scheduled to undergo surgical debridement for jaw osteonecrosis. She had a history of poliomyelitis at the age of 2 years, and was diagnosed with PPS at the age of 51 years. General anesthesia was induced with 80 mg propofol, 50 ㎍ fentanyl, and 30 mg (0.69 mg/kg) rocuronium, and maintained with desflurane and remifentanil. The durations of train-of-four (TOF) count 0 and 1 were 96 and 37 min, respectively. Five minutes after discontinuing desflurane, the TOF count was 4. Three minutes after administering 200 mg sugammadex, the TOF ratio was 0.83, and the tracheal tube was subsequently removed. In summary, the effect of a single dose of rocuronium on twitch in TOF monitoring was significantly prolonged in a patient with PPS, which may have been exacerbated by desflurane.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.98-104
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• 2001

Objective : In order to study the effect of contralateral both side acupuncture on recovery of motor disorders in stroke patients, a clinical study was performed. Methods : Thirteen patients with post-stroke hemiplegia were randomized into two groups. Six patients (test group) were treated with contralateral both side acupuncture. The other seven patients (control group) were treated with ipsilateral both side acupuncture. The activity of daily living was measured with a National Institutes of Health (NIH) scale. The therapy was performed once a day for 3 weeks. Results : In terms of score of NIH, the test group showed statistically meaningful increase after I weeks treatment, while the control group showed statistically meaningful increase after 2 weeks (P<0.05). The results showed no statistically meaningful difference after 3 weeks treatment between the groups. Conclusions : These results support that contralateral both side acupuncture therapy has almost the same effectiveness compared with ipsilateral both side acupuncture therapy in improvement of the activity of daily living of post-stroke hemiplegic patients.