• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.179-190
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between gender, gender role identity, parents' affectionate behaviors and care in Chinese middle school students. Also, this study examines the differences in care among Chinese middle school students with respect to parent's socio-demographic variables. The subjects were 478 3rd grade middle school students in Tianjin, China. The major findings were as follows. There were significant differences in care of Chinese middle school students with respect to mother's job and age. In other words, a higher level of care of Chinese middle school students was shown in students who had an unemployed mother, labour mother or mothers of 46 years and over. As result of examining the main effects of gender, gender role identity and parent's affectionate behaviors caring for Chinese middle school students, there were significant with respect to gender role identity and parents' affectionate behaviors. Masculinity, femininity and androgyny identity demonstrated a higher care than undifferentiated identity. Also, a higher level of care was associated with higher parents' affectionate behaviors. There were interaction effects caused by gender and gender role identity in care for Chinese middle school students. Also, there were interaction effects caused by gender and parent's affectionate behaviors on the nature of care for Chinese middle school students.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.373-384
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• 2006

This study analysed the effect of mothers' work status on time use in child care and use of market child care services. There were two major questions: Do self-employed (and family worker without being paid) mothers have a flexible work schedule and so can they care her child(ren) well? If it is true, is the work status as self-employee related to non-market child care services? To answer these questions, 1,196 samples were selected from the Time Use Data of 1999, which had been administered by Korea National Statistical Office. Major results were as follows: First, a mother who is family workers without being paid made time to care children frequently more than wage earners. Second, according to regression analysis, mothers' work status was one of the important variables to explain child care activity frequency. Third, among categories of child caring ('physical caring', 'non-physical caring', and 'caring of the others'), mothers spent more frequently in 'caring of the others', and had higher probability to use market child care services. But the more frequently a mother made time in 'non-physical caring' for her child, the lower probability to choose market child care services. In conclusion, it was certain that self-employed mothers benefit from a flexible time schedule at work places. But the relationship of child care activity frequency with use of market child care services was inconsistent.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.315-326
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• 1995

This study was performed to find variables which affect oral health care of infants. The subjects were 439 infants and their mothers who live in suburban area. Oral examinations for the infants were conducted and the questionnairs were given to infants' mothers. Toothbrushing frequency, oral hygiene score, the percentage of filled teeth among decayed teeth, and dental treatment experience of infants were used as dependent variable, respectively. Demographic, socio-economic variables and the other variables which might affect oral health care of infants were used as independent variables. Correlation analysis and analysis of variance were used for the independent variables of toothbrushing frequency, oral hygiene score, and the percentage of filled teeth among decayed teeth of infant. Chi-Square and Student's t-test were used for the dependent variables of dental treatment experience of infant. The obtained results were as follows; 1. Toothbrushing frequency of mother and internal locus of oral control of mother were the factors which affect toothbrusing frequency of infants. 2. Oral health belief of mother was the factor which affect oral hygiene score of infants. 3. Age of infant was the factor which affect the percentage of filled teeth among decayed teeth. 4. Age of infant and educational level of infant's mother were the factors which affect the infants' consumption of dental treatment.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2000

This study was described as midwife's role and obstacle of midwife's role expansion. Midwife as primary medical personal who practices for a mother and infant health care and promotion of mother infant interaction. As the trend of increasing natural childbirth, midwifery has to provide childbearing care those who want delivery in a midwifery center. This study conducted to survey for 44 midwives who work at the midwifery center. The results of the study as fellows. 1. Most of the midwives role was care of pregnancy, delivery, postpartum women and babies. Another role was conducted educational classes childbirth, breast feeding, contraception and sexual education. 2. Some midwives role perform breech, vaccum delivery, episiotomy and suture, pitocin induction and augmentation, ultrasonogram, giving medication, anesthesia, collecting specimen from Pap smear and vaginal discharge. Midwife perform these roles without medical law support. 3. Most of the obstacles of the midwife role was the medical law limitation. Midwives want revise medical law to perform simple treatment for childbearing women and babies. 4. Half of the midwives refer cases to medical doctor in case of complication of women and newborns. 5. Current frequency of home birth rate is slightly higher than before and me cases like to have delivery under water. Finally, midwife and midwifery have to prepare to meet childbearing woman, baby and family's need. For activation and expansion of midwife's role, every midwife has to be aware of medical law accurately and they must know what practice they can do and what practice they can not do.

• 아동학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.199-222
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• 2014

This study sought to illuminate a moderating effect of mother's perception of father's involvement on the associations between mother's parenting efficacy and child's emotional regulation. The participants in this study comprised 292 mothers whose children were aged between 4 and 5. The children were attending child care centers or kindergartens located in Seoul or Gyeonggi-do province in Korea. The questionnaires on mother's parental efficacy, father's parental involvement, and their children's emotional regulation were distributed to mothers through their child care centers or kindergartens. The results indicated a significant correlation among the variables. Although mothers' parenting efficacy had relatively higher effects upon their children's emotional regulation than their fathers' involvement, the effect of a fathers' involvement was still significant. In particular, the fathers' involvement in leisure activities moderated the effects of the mothers' parenting efficacy on children's emotional comprehension and regulation(one of the sub-factors of emotional regulation).

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.965-972
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was conducted to improve oral heath behaviour of child by analyzing child's mother oral health behaviour. Methods : A total of 361(95.0%) 3-year-old-child's mothers who sent their child to child care institution in Daegu were analyzed from October 1, 2009 to October 31, 2009. Results : 1. In relation to general nature and experience on oral health education of child's mother, mother with higher monthly income, over than graduation from university and professional job had high oral health education experience, which was statistically related(p<0.01)(p<0.001). 2. In the case of mother with oral health education experience, this mother had higher dental clinic visit for 1 year, higher experience on scaling, higher good food preference for teeth health and higher use of floss, which was statistically related(p<0.05)(p<0.01). 3. Regarding child's oral management behaviour by mother's oral health importance, in the case that oral health was important, flouride toothpaste use, restriction on cavity inducting food and toothbrushing before sleep were higher only, which was statistically related(p<0.05)(p<0.001). Conclusion : In case of mother with oral health education experience, this mother had experience on dental clinic visit for prevention of cavity, dental clinic visit for treatment and restriction on food in which their child's oral health behaviour were satisfactory, which was statistically related.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.67-81
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• 2001

The purpose of this investigation was to examine whether early child-care experience, alone or in combination with mother/child factors, was associated with emotion regulation. Participants were forty 12-18 month-old infants, their mothers and their caregivers. Infants were observed in the Strange Situation to assess the pattern of emotion regulation. Mothers were interviewed, given Questionnaires, and observed in play. Caregivers were observed in child care to assess the caregiving environment. There were significant main effects of good quality child care on open emotion expression and heightening emotion expression. Significant interaction effects revealed that infants were more likely to be open emotion expression when high maternal sensitivity /responsiveness was combined with good quality child care, or nonmaterial care initiated prior to six month of age. Infants were more likely to be minimizing emotion expression when low maternal sensitivity/responsiveness was combined with nonmaternal care initiated after six month of age, or more than one care arrangement. Difficult temperament infants received nonrelative care were somewhat more likely to be minimizing emotion expression. Infants were more Likely to be heightening emotion expression when high maternal sensitivity/responsiveness was combined with relative care. Boys experiencing nonrelative care were more Likely to be heightening emotion expression.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.368-376
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to examine the degree of care stress and the quality of life of grandmothers caring for their grandchildren while mother was employed. Method: A convenience sample of 107 grandmothers were measured for grandmother's care stress using a revised for of the PSI/SF and the quality of life tool by Andrew and Weinert. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and Pearson correlation coeffcients were used to analyze the data using SPSS/PC 10.0 Results: The results found that grandmothers' care stress was high according to their age and religion. Their quality of life was low according to their age, their present health status, income and sleep pattern. Their subjective care stress was a sense of social isolation, burden of caring for grandchildren, health problems, and conflict with adult children. Care stress and quality of life were found to be negatively correlated. This result was statistically significant. Conclusion: In conclusion, it was found that the care stress was high and affected quality of life. From this study it is proposed that there is a need to develop programs which consider grandmother' techniques in child care and health care to improve their quality of life. Ultimately, a good care environment for children will be good for the children's growth and development.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.23-45
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• 2010

본 연구는 우리나라 취업모와 보육시설에 다니는 24-48개월 자녀 67쌍을 대상으로 이들의 정서적 가용성 경향을 알아보고 어머니와 아동의 정서적 가용성을 설명하는 취업모와 아동 관련 변인은 무엇인지 조사하였다. 어머니-아동의 정서적 가용성은 Biringen, Robinson과 Emde(1998)가 개발한 정서적 가용성 척도(Emotional Availability Scales: EA, 3rd)를 사용하였고, 어머니의 일/가족 갈등, 어머니의 양육 스트레스, 어머니의 우울수준, 아동기질, 개인적 배경을 측정하였다. 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 취업모와 보육시설에 다니는 24-48개윌 된 자녀의 정서적 가용성은 전체적으로 중간점수 보다 약간 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 취업모 관련변인에 따른 어머니-아동 정서적 가용성의 차이에서는 취업모의 교육 수준, 가정의 경제적 수준이 유의하였으며, 어머니-아동 정서적 가용성과 자녀와의 관계로 인한 양육스트레스 간에는 유의한 부적 상관관계가 나타났다. 아동 관련변인에 따른 어머니-아동 정서적 가용성의 차이에서는 아동이 보육시설에 처음 등원한 시기 변인만 유의한 경향이 나타났다. 취업모와 아동 관련변인 중 가정의 경제적 수준, 자녀관계 양육스트레스, 아동의 보육시설 첫 등원 시기가 어머니의 민감성과 아동의 반응성차원을 20%정도 유의하게 설명하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.446-455
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• 2018

본 연구는 인천의 아동 돌봄 실태를 살펴보고, 아동의 모(母)가 가지고 있는 정책적 욕구를 현재의 보육 환경 속에서 해석해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 아동의 모(母)를 취업모와 미취업모로 구분하고, 각 집단에 따른 아동 돌봄 시간과, 만족도 그리고 정책 욕구를 살펴보았다. 연구 수행을 위해 5세 이하의 자녀를 돌보고 있는 인천시 거주 여성(292명)을 분석 대상으로 삼았다. 분석 결과, 미취업모가 취업모보다 아동 돌봄 시간이 더 긴 것으로 나타났고, 만족도는 신체적 돌봄에서만 미취업모가 취업모보다 유의미하게 높은 수준을 나타냈다. 정책 욕구는 각 집단이 처한 상황을 반영하는 결과를 보였다. 정책 욕구 중 보육시설 비용에 대한 지원 욕구는 두 집단 모두에서 높은 수준으로 나타났는데, 이는 아동 연령 증가에 따른 보육시설 이용 가능성의 증가와 인천시의 부모 부담 보육료 수준이 높음에 따라 나타난 결과로 생각된다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 정책적 함의를 제시하였다.