• Title/Summary/Keyword: morphogenesis

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Roles of KRPs Genes in Plant Morphogenesis

  • Jun, Sang-Eun;Cho, Kiu-Hyung;Byun, Yoon-Ah;Jo, Aruna;Park, Sang-Chul;Umeda, Masaaki;Kim, Gyung-Tae
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.80.2-80.2
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    • 2008

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Molecular Biodesign of Plant Leaves and Flowers

  • Kim Gyung-Tae
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.137-142
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    • 2003

  • The morphology of the leaves and the flowers of angiosperms exhibit remarkable diversity. One of the factors showing the greatest variability of leaf organs is the leaf index, namely, the ratio of leaf length to leaf width. In some cases, different varieties of a single species or closely related species can be distinguished by differences in leaf index. To some extent, the leaf index reflects the morphological adaptation of leaves to a particular environment. In addition, the growth of leaf organs is dependent on the extent of the expansion of leaf cells and on cell proliferation in the cellular level. The rates of the division and enlargement of leaf cells at each stage contribute to the final shape of the leaf, and play important roles throughout leaf development. Thus, the control of leaf shape is related to the control of the shape of cells and the size of cells within the leaf. The shape of flower also reflects the shape of leaf, since floral organs are thought to be a derivative of leaf organs. No good tools have been available for studies of the mechanisms that underlie such biodiversity. However, we have recently obtained some information about molecular mechanisms of leaf morphogenesis as a result of studies of leaves of the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. For example, the ANGUSTIFOLIA (AN) gene, a homolog of animal CtBP genes, controls leaf width. AN appears to regulate the polar elongation of leaf cells via control of the arrangement of cortical microtubules. By contrast, the ROTUNDIFOLIA3 (ROT3) gene controls leaf length via the biosynthesis of steroid(s). We provide here an overview of the biodiversity exhibited by the leaf index of angiosperms. Taken together, we can discuss on the possibility of the control of the shapes and size of plant organs by transgenic approaches with the results from basic researches. For example, transgenic plants that overexpressed a wildtype ROT3 gene had longer leaves than parent plants, without any changes in leaf width. Thus, The genes for leaf growth and development, such as ROT3 gene, should be useful tools for the biodesign of plant organs.

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Plant Growth and Morphogenesis Control in Transplant Production System using Light-emitting Diodes(LEDs) as Artificial Light Source - Spectral Characteristics and Light Intensity of LEDs - (인공광원으로 발광다이오우드를 이용한 묘생산 시스템에서 식물생장 및 형태형성 제어 - 발광다이오우드의 분광 특성 및 광강도 -)

  • 김용현
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.115-122
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    • 1999

  • Because of their small mass, volume, solid state construction and long life, light-emitting diodes(LEDs) hold promises as a lighting source for intensive plant production system. Spectral characteristics and light intensity of LEDs were tested to investigate their feasibility as artificial lighting sources for growth and morphogenesis control in transplant production system. Blue, green, and red LEDs had a peak-emission wavelength at 442nm, 522nm, and 673nm, respectively. Their half width defined as the difference between upper and lower wavelength in the intensity equivalent to 50% of the maximum intensity showed 26nm, 41nm, and 74nm, respectively. Photosynthetic photon flux(PPE) at the distance of 9cm under the LEDs array was measured as $235{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ for red, $109{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ for green, and $75{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ for blue LEDs. At the same distance, green LEDs had the illuminance of 13,0001x, nine to ten times higher than those of red and blue LEDs. Red, green, and blue LEDs at a distance of 9cm had the irradiance of $46W{\cdot}m^{-2},\;19W{\cdot}m^{-2},\;8W{\cdot}m^{-2}$, respectively. Light intensity of blue, green, and red LEDs increased linearly in proportion to the magnitude of the current applied to the operating circuit. Thus the light intensity of LEDs was controlled by the applied current in operating circuit.

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