• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.163-173
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this descriptive research study was to identify the factors affecting the ethical decision-making of nursing students. Methods: A convenience sample of 193 nursing students from three nursing colleges in D city who were engaged in clinical practice completed an online Google Forms questionnaire from September 9 to September 20, 2021. Using SPSS 23.0, data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Scheffé's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a multiple regression analysis. Results: The influencing factors of ideal ethical decision-making were guilt (β=.38, p<.001), awareness of the nurses' Code of Ethics (β=.18, p=.023) and motivation for entering school, among general characteristics (β=-.18, p=.033). The explanatory power of the model was 22.2%. Further, the influencing factors of realistic ethical decision-making were ideal ethical decision-making (β=.26, p=.001) and grade (among general characteristics) (β=.15, p=.029); the explanatory power of the model was 17.9%. Conclusion: Various educational tools and programs pertaining to making ideal and ethical decisions must be enhanced to promote ethical choices in clinical areas and realistic ethical decision-making ability to actually make such choices. This focus may enable nurses to improve their nursing professionalism in the future.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2915-2925
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• 2013

본 연구는 간호대 학생들의 도덕 판단력과 윤리적 의사결정 유형을 파악하고 실습에서 경험한 윤리적 딜레마를 분석한 연구이다. 자료 수집은 2-4학년 학생 189명의 구조화된 설문지와 윤리적 문제에 대한 자가 보고로 이루어졌다. 기간은 2012년 11월6일에서 20일 까지 하였다. 학생들의 P(%)점수는 2학년 47.92, 3학년 43.74, 4학년 43.75였다. 4단계 점수는 22.37, 22.98, 19.74였다. 4학년의 P(%)점수는 3학년보다 떨어지지 않았고, 4단계 점수는 감소하였는데, 이는 윤리교육 효과에 대한 선행 연구결과와 같았다. 이와 같은 결과는 학생들의 자발적인 사례발표와 토론의 결과라 할 수 있다. 학생들이 가장 선호하는 윤리적 의사결정은 유형3(35.45%)이었다. 학생들이 실습에서 경험한 윤리적 딜레마는 7개 항목으로 환자의 권리와 존엄성 손상, 치료와 간호 표준 불이행, 임종 준비와 죽음 순이었다. 본 연구는 학생들이 실습에서 경험하는 윤리문제를 스스로 분석하고 개방적인 토론을 하는 윤리교육에 대한 후속 연구를 제언한다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2014

본 연구는 인터넷 영역에서 개인의 윤리적 의사결정에 대한 국가문화의 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 다섯 개의 도덕철학 변수들인 정의주의, 상대주의, 이기주의, 공리주의, 그리고 의무론이 개인의 윤리적 판단에 영향을 미치며, 이 윤리적 판단은 행위의도에 영향을 미친다는 윤리적 의사결정 모형이 제시되었고, 이 윤리적 의사결정 모형에 대하여 홉스테드의 다섯 가지의 국가문화 차원들인 권력격차, 개인주의, 남성성, 불확실성 회피, 그리고 장기 지향성의 영향을 분석하였다. 연구결과 인터넷 영역에서 권력격차, 개인주의, 그리고 남성성은 의무론과 윤리적 판단 간의 관계에 영향이 있었으며, 개인주의, 남성성, 그리고 불확실성 회피는 정의주의와 윤리적 판단 간의 관계에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개인주의와 장기 지향성은 윤리적 판단과 행동의도 간의 관계에 유의한 영향이 있는 것을 보여 주었다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2017

본 연구는 자본시장에서 발생하는 정보비대칭으로 인한 도덕적 해이(moral hazard) 문제를 효과적으로 학습하기 위한 게임수업 사례를 제시하고 분석한다. 본 연구에서 사용한 도덕적 해이 게임은 실험경제학(experimental economics)에서 활용하는 주인-대리인 관계에서의 딜레마 실험을 차용하여 학습목적에 부합하도록 수정해 활용하였다. 게임수업을 통해 학습자는 도덕적 해이가 누구나 직접 경험할 수 있는 문제임을 확인하였고 자신의 의사결정과정과 결과를 분석하고 토론하는 과정에서 이론적으로 학습한 도덕적 해이의 원인과 결과에 대한 이해도를 제고하였다. 본 사례연구는 강의식 회계윤리교육의 단점을 보완해 학습자가 학습과정에 적극적으로 참여하는 새로운 방법과 수업사례를 제시하였다는데 의의가 있다. 앞으로 회계윤리교육을 활성화 할 수 있는 다양한 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1223-1230
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of moral concerns for animals, meat texture, color in meat and satiety from meat on meat avoidance, and to assess the effect of meat avoidance on meat consumption. A total of 250 questionnaires were completed. Structural equation model was used to measure the causal effects of constructs. Results of the study demonstrated that fit of the restricted model is significantly worse than that of the unrestricted model, in which more parameters are estimated. The effects of moral concerns for animals, meat texture, and satiety from meat on meat avoidance were statistically significant. The effect of meat avoidance on meat consumption was statistically significant. Moreover, meat avoidance played a mediating role in the relationship between moral concerns for animals and meat consumption. Meat avoidance also played a mediating role in the relationship between satiety from meat and meat consumption. This study suggested that the consumer decision-making process for meat products is best modeled as a complex system that incorporates both direct and indirect effects on meat consumption. This study believed the evidence presented supports this position. Moreover, this study appeared to be a worthy area of pursuit.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.27-43
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• 2020

Purpose : This integrative review aimed to synthesize studies on intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' attitude, perceptions, and experiences toward end-of-life care decision-making. Methods : Using Whittermore and Knafl (2005)'s methods, we identified and synthesized research articles published in domestic journals between the years 2003 and 2019 and evaluated the quality of selected articles using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results : In the 13 studies reviewed, 12 were published prior to enactment of the "The Act for Hospice and Palliative Care and Decision-Making about Life-Sustaining Treatment (2018)." All nine quantitative studies identified were based on cross-sectional descriptive survey. In four qualitative studies, content analysis (n=2) and phenomenology (n=2) were used. Overall, ICU nurses were well-aware of the necessity of communicating and limiting life-sustaining treatments. Many ICU nurses had positive attitude towards limiting life-sustaining treatments to promote patients' comfort and dignity. Although nurses were willing to take active roles, they also reported having experienced high stress in the process of decision-making and implementation. Conclusions : It is important to prepare ICU nurses with proper knowledge and attitude regarding the topic area. It is also equally important to develop systems to support nurses' emotional stress and moral distress during communication, decision-making, and implementation.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.188-207
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• 2014

The purpose of this research was to examine the extent of deontological (values) and teleological evaluation (considering consequences) used in arriving at an ethical judgment concerning intention to purchase a fashion counterfeit. In addition, the effect of psychographic (attitudes toward counterfeiting, risk taking, self-image, value consciousness, public self-consciousness, and materialism) and product attributes (perceived fashion content, physical appearance, and image) on intention to purchase a counterfeit product were investigated. Two alternatives and possible consequences as well as the scenario were given to the participants. The first alternative is persuading a friend not to buy a counterfeit and the second alternative is purchasing a counterfeit product with a friend. Participants (n = 245) were undergraduate volunteers enrolled in courses at a Midwestern university. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factory analysis and structural equation modeling. The proposed structural models fit the data adequately in both alternatives, and all paths were significant. Participants followed the decision making steps outlined by Hunt and Vitell (1986) in both alternatives. Personal characteristics exerted no influence on behavioral intentions concerning counterfeits. Two product-related characteristics (i.e., physical appearance of a counterfeit and projected image of a counterfeit) had direct effects on the behavioral intentions. The conclusions of this research are helpful in improving our understanding of variables that influence consumers' purchasing counterfeit luxury products.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.541-562
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• 2018

메시지 제시는 개인의 태도 및 의사결정 행동 변화를 설득하는 대표적인 방법으로, 실용성과 효과성 간 균형을 고려할 때 이익충돌 상황에서 발생 가능한 여러 문제에 대한 효율적인 해결 방안 중 하나이다. 메시지의 프레이밍과 반복은 메시지의 설득 효과에 영향을 주는 두 주요한 변인이나, 이를 이익충돌과 도덕적 의사결정에 적용하여 탐색한 연구는 부재한다. 본 연구에서는 도덕성 점화 설득 메시지의 프레이밍 유형과 도덕성을 점화하는 설득 메시지의 반복 횟수에 따른 사익추구행동의 차이가 있는지 검증하였다. 이를 위해, 대학생 63명(남: 35명, 여: 28명)을 메시지 프레이밍 유형에 따라 세 가지 조건(긍정적 프레이밍 조건, 부정적 프레이밍 조건, 비점화 조건)으로 무선할당한 뒤, 이익충돌 상황에서 가상의 파트너에게 자문을 하는 웹 기반 컴퓨터 실험을 통해 각 조건에서 도덕성 점화 설득 메시지를 4회 반복 제시하였다. 연구 결과, 메시지 반복 횟수와 메시지 프레이밍 유형 간 상호작용이 유의하지 않았으나, 메시지 프레이밍 유형의 주효과 및 반복 횟수의 주효과는 모두 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 긍정적 프레이밍 집단이 비점화 집단에 비해 낮은 수준의 사익추구행동을 보였으며, 메시지 반복과 사익추구행동 간 U자 형태의 이차 함수 관계가 확인되었다. 이 같은 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 함의와 의의에 더불어 한계점 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.183-193
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• 2000

This main purpose of this study was to assess the effects of two different types of ethics education on the moral judgement of clinical nurses. One type was free discussions among nurses with given specific moral issues and the other type was discussions guided by experts on specific moral issues. The study employed a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent pre test-post test design using two different control groups. The conceptual framework of the study was derived from the Kohlberg′s Moral Development Theory (1969) and the Greipp′s Ethical Decision-Making Model (1992). The data was collected during the period of October 14 through December 15, 1998. Sample consists of 32 nurses working in the ICU who met research criteria. 16 nurses were assigned to the free discussion group and 16 nurses to the group for the guided discussion with experts group. For the pre-test, the DIT which was developed by Rest (1984) and JAND by Ketefian (1998) were used with some modification by the author. After the education, only JAND was used to assess the changes in moral judgement. The collected data was analysed using SPSS PC program. The findings are as follows: 1. There was no significant difference between two groups in their general characteristics. Only difference which was statistically significant between two groups was that realistic score on Case 3/Medical Research and Autopsy was higher in the free discussion group. 2. Hypothesis 1: "There will be a difference on the moral judgement of nurses before and after they receive an ethics education". This hypothesis was supported partially. Those who had low scores on moral judgement before the education tended to have higher scores after the education on the same issues. And, after the education, the nurses tend to give lower scores on the dilemmas they had experienced frequently at work; while giving higher scores on those dilemmas they had no prior experience. 3. Hypothesis 2: "The effect of education may differ depended upon the moral development index [P(%)] score of nurses". The effect of education was different depend on moral development level. The group who′s P(%) scores was low at the pretest has higher scores in realistic moral judgement after the education, while the groups with middle or high P(%) scores went down after the education. These changes were statistically significant in some cases, thus, the Hypothesis 2 was partially supported 4. Hypothesis 3: "The method of ethics education will have different effects on the moral judgement of nurses". Even though several nurses attended the guided discussion stated that the education program broadend their perspectives the difference between two groups was not significant and this hypothesis was not supported. In conclusion, both types of ethics education had helped the nurses to acquire the skills to deal some nursing dilemmas. The effects of ethics education may differ according to the moral development index - P(%) score. However, because of some of the limitations of this study, mainly small sample size, short term education, unable to control other variables which may affect moral judgement of nurses, further research is warranted.er research is warranted.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.26-41
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• 2007

There are three things that are not known to the human being. That is when, where and how one will die. Most people live ignoring death. However, elements of death linger everywhere. The purpose of this treatise is investigates about justification Deciding for Other directions. First, I will investigate about Deciding for Other directions, when patient can not decide own, I will do investigate agent's decision's problem. Second, These four principles provide the common ground for biomedical ethics. Principlism argue that a method using four principles can resolve controversies in bioethics. The method holds that there are four principles-respect for autonomy, nonamleficence, beneficence, justice- that articulate the necessary conditions of common morality for health care and bioethics. Beauchamp and Childress respond by arguing that the two problems are nc the meaning or interpretation but the process of specification. Third, So, Supplement four principles' problem to Levinas concept of the Other theory. Levinas concept of the Other is very resemblant with 'Love your neighbour as yourself." Christians believe that Love is above all and they act accordingly. They base this faith mainly upon the motto of "love your neighbour as yourself." Fourth. difficult part of Levinas concept of the Other is that there is no human to equal infinite sense of responsibility. Can be supplemented about this through cooperation of community. Four principles can be brought to bear on moral choices. And they asserts that each principles has weigh but they do not assign a priority weighting of ranking. All the principles are equal in moral decision making.