• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2006

In this paper, a predistortion linearizer using the in-phase modulator is proposed. The harmonic generator of the proposed predistorter extracts a second harmonic signals. These signals are divided in-phase and quadrature-phase signals, and then amplifying each signals using variable gain amplifier. An in-phase modulator, modulate fundamental signal with second harmonic signals, generates the predistortion intermodulation distortion (IM) signals and controls amplitude and phase of them with modulation factors. As a result, this predistorter is suppressed intermodulation distortion signals of power amplifier effectively. The proposed linearizer has been implemented to operate in Cellular-band. The test results show that the third order IM is cancelled more than 20dB in case of CW 2-tone signals with ${\Delta}f$=1MHz. Also, it's improved the adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) more than 7dB for IS-95 CDMA 1FA signals.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.3C
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• pp.248-255
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• 2002

An RF module in compliance with the IEEE 802.11a standard has been designed and its performance has been measured. Conventional heterodyne architecture with 580MHz intermediate frequency has been realized. Measurement results show that the receiver has a low Noise Figure of 5dB, the maximum gain of 70dB, and dynamic range as wide as 61dB. Also, the SAW filter used for channel selection in the IF section allowed minimum inter-channel interference. in addition to satisfying the RF output power requirement, the transmitter features its output P1dB as high as 34dBm so that the high peak-to-average ratio of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme can be handled with minimum nonlinear distortion. The output P1dB of 34dBm of the transmitter corresponds to back-off powers of 18dB and 11dB with respect to the output power for the low and the middle frequency bands, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2009

Complex microbial communities play an important role in the human health and co-evolved with human in the form of symbiosis. Many literatures provide new evidences that the increased prevalence of obesity cannot be attributed solely to changes in the human genome, nutritional habits, or reduction of physical activity in our daily lives. The intestinal flora was recently proposed as an environmental factor responsible for the control of body weight and energy metabolism. A number of studies suggest that the modulation of gut microbiota affects host metabolism and has an impact on energy storage and demonstrated a role for the gut microbiota in weight gain, fat increase, and insulin resistance. Variations in microbiota composition are found in obese humans and mice and the microbiota from an obese mouse confers an obese phenotype when transferred to an axenic mouse. As well, the gut microbial flora plays a role in converting nutrients into calories. Specific strategies for modifying gut microbiota may be a useful means to treat or prevent obesity. Dietary modulations of gut microbiota with a view to increasing bifidobacteria have demonstrated to reduce endotoxemia and improve metabolic diseases such as obesity. The fermentation of medicinal herbs is intended to exert a favorable influence on digestability, bioavailability and pharmacological activity of herbal extract. Therefore we also expect that the fermented herbal extracts may open up a new area to treat obesity through modulating gut microbiota.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.430-438
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• 1999

We have utilized soft-aperturing by gain media to develop a high-power tunable Ti:Sapphire laser with sub-40-fs and broad tuning range. The tunable spectral range was only limited by the bandwidth of mirrors. We made use of knife-edge slits near an intra-cavity prism controlled by micro-stepping-motors to tune the center wavelength continuously. The tunability of the center wavelength was ranged from 770 nm to 870 nm, and the measured pulsewidth was sub-40 fs throughout the above spectral range. The shortest pulsewidth was about 17 fs at the center wavelength of 820 nm and the spectral bandwidth was 72 nm. At 5 W pumping power of the Ar-ion laser we obtained average output power of 440 mW~580 mW. For the cw and Kerr-lens mode-lodking conditions, we have evaluated the value of an amplitude modulation to be ${\gamma}=2.5{\times}10^{-8}/W$ from the calculated waists of a Gaussian beam on the Ti:sapphire crystal surface. Using this result we demonstrate that the generation of sub-40-fs Kerr-lens mode-locked pulse can be described by the Ginzberg-Landau model which is a weak pulse shaping model.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.42 no.2 s.332
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• pp.75-80
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• 2005

In this paper, 2-stage power amplifier has been designed for 5.8GHz wireless LAN application. The power amplifier PldB output power has 21.6dBm at 5.8GHz frequency. Also the power amplifier shows 17.6dB gain and -17.8dB input return loss at 5.725GHz to 5.825GHz. The OFDM modulation and transmission block have been modeled in order to analyse the relationship between the power amplifier distortion and output ACPR for the IEEE 802.11a wireless LAN. The nonlinear characteristic of the power amplifier has been modeled as AM-to-AM and AM-to-PM using the behavioral model, and the output spectrum is analysed with the phase distortion variation. Also, amplifier back-off value from PldB to satisfy the required IEEE 802.11a standard spectrum mask has been simulated with phase distortion, and the simulation data have been compared to the measurement result collected by using the pre-distortion technique.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.5-11
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• 1974

Theoretical analysis is carried out for the beat frequency generation phenomena in the IMPATT diodes an4 the experimental studies are given in parrallel. The theory is based on the space charge modulation effect introduced to the multiplication process by the input signal. Computed results show that the beat frequency output power is linearly dependent upon the signal power and self oscillating power. Also the strong dependence of the output power with respect to the diode negative resistance is found and it turns out that the larger the negative resistance, the stronger the beat frequency output power. Experimental results show a good agreement with the theoretical values. Calculated conversion gain is about -0.4[db] at 10[GHz] and the experimental value shows -6.2[db] below this value. This difference between the theoretical and the experimental values is considered to be the results of the ineffective injection of signal power.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.17 no.1 s.104
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• pp.45-51
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• 2006

In this paper, a new predistortion linearizer for controlling the amplitude of low frequency intermodulation distortion signals is proposed. The low frequency intermodulation distortion(IMD) components are generated by harmonic generator. A vector modulator, modulate fundamental signal with low frequency IMD signals, generates predistortion IMD signals and controls amplitude and phase of them with modulation factors. As a result, this predistorter is suppressed IMD signals of power amplifier effectively. The predistortion linearizer has been manufactured to operate in cellular base-station transmitting band($869{\sim}894\;MHz$). The experimental results show that IMD3 of power amplifier are improved more than 20 dB for CW two-tone signals. Also, it's improved the adjacent channel power ratio(ACPR) more than 10 dB for IS-95 CDMA IFA signals.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.55-64
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• 2014

In a Web application, you can pass without restrictions special network security devices such as IPS and F/W, URL parameter, which is an important element of communication between the client and the server, is forwarded to the Web server. Parameters are modulated by an attacker requests a URL, disclose confidential information or through e-commerce, can take financial gain. Vulnerability parameter manipulation thereof cannot be able to determine whether to operate in only determined logical application, blocked with Web Application Firewall. In this paper, I will present a technique OTACUS(One-Time Access Control URL System) to complement the shortcomings of the measures existing approaches. OTACUS can be effectively blocked the modulation of the POST or GET method parameters passed to the server by preventing the exposure of the URL to the attacker by using clean URL technique simplifies complex URL that contains the parameter. Performance test results of the actual implementation OTACUS proves that it is possible to show a stable operation of less than 3% increase in the load.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.95-105
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• 1997

A new open-loop signal processing technique of digital phase tracking is known to have a Potential to solve the problems in the open-loop processor such as limited dynamic range, dependence on the optical intensity fluctuations, and dependence on gain fluctuations of signal path. But new problems with digital phase tracking must be solved before it can be a useful signal processing method. In this paper, barriers to the success of the digital phase tracking such as harmonics content, phase difference, amplitude variations of the phase modulation(PM) signal, bandwidth limit of the signal path, and the implementation of the mixer, are pointed out and their effects on the performance of the signal processor are analyzed to calculate the requirements of the signal processor for $1{\mu}rad$-grade FOG.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.34D no.3
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• pp.60-73
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• 1997

By introducing a compressive-strained quanternary InGaAsP quantum-wells instead of a conventional ternary InGaAs quantum-wells in 1.55.mu.m DFB-LD, the lasing performances canb e improved and the problems caused by the thickness non-uniformity and the compositional abruptness among the hetero-interpaces canb e relaxed. In this paper, we investigated an iptimum InGaAsP/InGaAsP multiple-quantum-well(MQW) structure as an active layer in a direct-modulated 1.55.mu. DFB-LD from the view point of threshold current, chirping charcteristics, and resonance frequency. The optimum compressive-strained MQW structure was revealed as InGaAsP/InGaAsP structure with strain amount of about 1.2%, number of wells $N_{w}$ of 7, well width $L_{w}$ of 58.agns.. The threshold current density J of 500A/c $m^{2}$, the linewidth enhancement factor a of 1.8, and differential resonance frequency of d $f_{r}$/d(I-I)$^{1}$2/=2GHz/(mA)$^{1}$2/(atI=2 $I_{th}$) were expected in 1.55.mu.m .gamma./4-shifted DFB-LD with the cavity length of 400.mu.m long and kL value of 1.25. These values are considerably improved ones compared to those of 1.55um DFB-LD with InGaAs/InGaAsP MQW which have enhancement factor and the resonance frequence frequency by the detuning of lasing wavelength and gain-peak wavelength. It was found that the linewidth enhancement factor of 20% and differential resonance frequency of 35% without the degradation of the threshold current density could be enhanced in the range of -15nm~-20nm detuning which can be realized by controlling the thickness and Incomposition of InGaAsP well. well.and Incomposition of InGaAsP well. well.