• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.4D
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• pp.509-521
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• 2009

In modern society the architecture surface involves a lot of meaning other than having simple physical functions. The interface space generated by the surface characteristics among those becomes to have many significances in modern society, and plays a role of symbolic space of a city. The interface space is threshold space that connects two separate spaces and revitalize its states. Nowadays, people have many chances to communicate each other through the interface space and also settle urban problems caused by spacial and functional discontinuity through the interface space. However, the interface space in Korea could not be built up well due to rapid growth of cities, and a lot of different natures in space and viewpoint have been appeared accordingly, which gives rise to a problem of the discontinuity of urban spaces. Therefore, this study aims at the research on the characteristics of interface space through architecture surface composing the major factor of a city; architecture integument in Nam-po Dong, Jung Gu, Busan City as the object of the study.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.282-294
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• 2023

Efforts are being made internationally to pay attention to the landscape value of modern and contemporary heritage and to pass it on. However, in Korea, the registration of modern and contemporary landscape heritage as registered cultural properties is insignificant. There has also been little discussion on ways to improve the system in this regard. This study sought ways to improve the registration criteria and classification system of the registered cultural property system so that modern and contemporary landscaping heritage could be protected. Currently, the registration criteria for registered cultural properties are not stipulated for each type of heritage, but are stipulated as a single comprehensive standard. Registration criteria should be separately prepared so that the landscape value of the heritage can be reviewed. First, the registration criteria have an important value in understanding the development of landscape culture. Second, well-preserved landscaping reflects or characterizes the times. Lastly, it should be defined as related to the works of major artists or important figures or historical events. The classification system must match the studied building cultural property classification system, and the detailed types of modern and contemporary landscape heritage should be specified. The major classification follows the building cultural property classification system, but parks and green spaces, squares, and gardens, which can be called a single landscape heritage, should be added to the middle classification. Landscaping heritage, such as gardens combined with building heritage, shall be specified in the subcategory based on building use.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to elucidate that photo, which has been used as original photo's purpose of information transfer in modern age, is now used as romantic reproduction which is the communication methods of architect's idea and thought through photographic vision which is beyond photograph own capabilities. The photos of Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier's architectural works are taken as an example for studying and analysing the way of deliverying the concept of creative work in the functional spaces in the modern era. It looked at the way of modern archirecture configuration, which architects wanted to show by pictures, such as concurrency, movement, sense of exhibition and concept of time-space and planarity on photographic vision such as multiview, movement, daily life exclusion, scenography and perspective loss. Reflecting that, I presents Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe's intention through photo by analyzing their picture of architecture by way of photograph techniques-camera position moving, over exposure, photomontage, silhouette technic and overlap technic. Mies van der Rohe and Le corbusier demonstrated the change and manipulation of the their architectural photos in different point of view. They express their architectural theories by photos of their works and overcome the limitation of expression of constructed building designed by them. The photos of architects's works in the case study with photos and descriptions introduce to their design concept. The design concept of the architects have become ideal concept for many contemporary architects and keep reproducing through the photos of their architectural works.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.7-22
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• 2007

In San Francisco, two new museums were recently built in 1995 and 2005. The one is San Francisco Museum of Modern Art designed by Mario Botta and the other is De Young Museum designed by Jacques Herzog & Pierre de Meuron. The urban settings for the museums are compared with each other and theories of the architects are evolved on different branches in the modernist trends. The theories and settings are followed by the representation in the forms, facades, interior spaces and towers. SFMOMA is located on the SoMa area, which was recently developed into a cultural urban core with Moscone Center and Buena Yerba Garden. De Young Museum was rebuilt in the old museum site in the Golden Gate Park. The one is on the context of urban artefacts and the other on the context of natural artefacts. To Botta, the museum in today's city plays a role analogous to that of the cathedral of yesterday. It is a place of common encounter and confrontation. The volume of SFMOMA which is geometrical and symmetric with double pylons. The frontality on the street and public green open space and the axiality of SFMOMA runs through the Buena Yerba Garden over Buena Yerba Center for the Arts are reminded us of an urban core with a religious monument and a city square. The staircase with grandiose design in the atrium seems to work as an altar with lighting from skylight above enhancing the liturgical ambiance. De Young Museum is shaped in a rectangle with long narrow courtyards. Three bands of volumes are juxtaposed and the nature flows into the museum corridors and galleries. The tower is distorted so as to be aligned to the street grids of the surrounding area. The copper panel of De Young Museum and natural context evoke modern concept of "machine in the garden". The two museums from different pedigrees of Modern Architecture are now major landmarks of SF and urban expressions for the 21st century.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.159-165
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the 'Scenery of the Modern City' revealed by Korean films of 1930 40s. It is assumed that films always reflect the cityscape and human activities of those days. For the analysis, a pool of 8 Korean films from 1934 till 1944 was constructed. In these films, the sceneries of the city were represented as the following: 1) The cityscape including modern buildings and speedy transportation was intentionally represented to express visually the city of Gyeongseong under the wave of modernization. 2) The western-style architectural spaces, such as apartment, mansion, department store, cafe, and hotel, were emphasized to reflect the curiosity and longing of the general public for western culture and lifestyle.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.101-114
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• 2020

This study focused on the composition of the exterior space of Parkjinsagoga, the types of gardens and planting and the landscape characteristics of walls, and examined its meaning as modern garden remains. Parkjinsagoga is a modern Korean house that harmonizes traditionality and practicality, and is an invaluable material for research not only on architecture but also on changes in the gardens of upper-class gardens. Its exterior space can be divided largely into An-chae (inner house), Outer Sarang-chae (outer house) and Inner Sarang-chae areas, and a garden was created in each yard (inner garden). In particular, one thing noticeable is that the yard of Inner Sarang-chae, unlike traditional gardening styles, was actively decorated. At the center of the yard of Inner Sarang-chae, two atypical planters and artificial moundings were created and the traffic line of the garden was designed to enjoy them while walking. An atypical pond was created on one of the artificial moundings and trees and shrubs were densely planted. Natural stones were also placed. The style seemed to be affected by Japanese gardens. These characteristics observed in the gardens of Parkjinsagoga are closely related to the transitional characteristics that traditional gardens started to show in modern times. A total of 35 families and 57 species were planted in the gardens of Parkjinsagoga and there were 19 species of tall trees, 20 species of shrubs and 17 species of flowering plants. The number of species planted in the garden of Inner Sarang-chae was the highest, and a total of 22 species of tall trees and shrubs. The walls in Parkjinsagoga were basically earth and rock-fill walls but their materials and patterns differed depending on the type of spaces. Four types of walls were found to be introduced to the house.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.47-58
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• 2016

In modern era Busan, newspaper articles about cherry blossom attractions from FuzanNippo and ChosenJiho have changed from places of landmark cherry trees to recreational activities under the cherry blossom. This means that the place characteristics of the cherry blossom attractions helped transform modern Busan. This study is to clarify the real image of the cherry blossom attractions where they were and when it was established in modern Busan. In order to discuss the location characteristics and the timing of identification as it changed from cherry-blossom viewing spots to picnic spots under the cherry blossom, current articles published in the FuzanNippo and ChosenJiho were collected. This study results are as follows: First of all, cherry blossom attractions are located in private gardens, gardens at hot spring inns, public lands such as schools, temples, reservoirs and malls such as Dongnae hot spring and the Midoricho red-light district. The location feature was that they were found at the edges of settlement environments, at the interface of city and natural spaces in modern Busan. Secondly, newspaper articles about cherry blossom attractions gradually changed from cherry blossom viewing spots to picnic spots under the cherry blossom, which became the peak of the cherry blossom attractions in modern Busan. The main focus of cherry blossom attractions changed from cherry-blossom viewing to picnicking under cherry blossoms around 1920. This means that the establishment of cherry blossom attractions can be seen around 1920. Articles of cherry-blossom viewing picked up sites not easy to access such as private gardens and reservoirs, articles about picnic spots under cherry blossoms noted public places that everyone could access. Cherry blossom attractions sites became spring resorts in modern Busan.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.37-45
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• 2015

This study focuses on the human-centered diversity that is one of the important value in modern society, and the method to apply various demands for architectural space. Human begins pursue new contents and leisurely life all the time and live toward the period of high emotion with personal characteristics. With those social trends, people aggressively request subjects to satisfy their emotional attractiveness as well as comforts and pleasures beyond the functional basic requirements in space. Many studies and projects about emotion have been progressed in the fields of architectural planning and design these days. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to suggest the Multi-Purposed Emotional Space as a new alternative of space renewal that satisfy both functional programs and users emotional demands. Method: For this research, the pervious researches were investigated first to determine essential methodology and terminology to estimate and construct the multi-purposed emotional space. Result: According to survey, the multi-purposed emotional space could finally be classified by emotional words, and the results of experiment were applied for building spaces. By the above process, types of the multi-purposed emotional space and design guidelines could be suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to know how to make common space, find a type of it, and build a village landscape with it in countryside. There are five types of village including suburban according to typological locality in rural area. Each of them have remarkable common spaces that are combined with community identity and usage. They usually are located along with the street and lane of the village. Most of the villages I surveyed have common places for residents to rest, share, and meet together. Representatively, pavilion with symbolic tree we call Jeonja is very popular place to them, and village people also require public parking or pocket park in their modern life. I researched common places in ten communities in rural area so that I can suggest a way of community design through them. According to this research, there are three results. First, the common space of the village is placed to motivate emotional and attractive community design in the village. Second, the common space has an identity and landscape architectural relationship to build sustainable community. Third, countries' streets that I surveyed have four types, which are liner, tree, loop, and radiate patterns of lane. In line with those types, each one makes different and historical community landscape.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 2015

This study aims to establish the foundation for a simultaneity research, draw the potential through Bergson's simultaneity, and explore a space with the possibility of a continued change, focusing on the simultaneous process, in which physical mobility and consciousness of space last together. First, this study was focused on understanding Bergson's simultaneity, on the basis of the perspective that space needs to have more active, dynamic mobility. For understanding Bergson's simultaneity, the understanding of Bergson's duration conception, memory and perception was preceded. After that, the characteristics of simultaneity were extracted from the concepts of duration, change, memory and perception and its characteristics, which are connected to space, were analyzed. As a result, the study on simultaneity that was intensively analyzed, based on diverse cases, re-awakened the basis of value or thought, which we must aim at, in space design of the present time. This shows the possibility of another creative form that can be found in spaces of the present time and serves as the foundation to discover an essential and potential value of space in space design. Moreover, the combination of space with science, humanities, art and digital media technology demonstrated once again that there is a good possibility of approaching non-representational space that is pursued today and it is anticipated that using Bergson's simultaneity as a medium for spatial combination in their relationship would help in drawing deeper internal meaning and potential of space.