• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.325-344
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• 2014

Technical support of Window XP ended in March, 8, 2014, and it makes OS(Operating System) users fall in a state of confusion. Sudden decision making of OS upgrade and replacement is not a simple problem. Firms need to change the long term capacity plan in enterprise IS management, but they are pressed for time and cost to complete it. Individuals can not help selecting the second best plan, because the following OSs of Window XP are below expectations in performances, new PC sales as the opportunities of OS upgrade decrease, and the potential risk of OS technical support ending had not announced to OS users at the point of purchase. Microsoft as the OS vendors had not presented precaution or remedy for this confusion. Rather, Microsoft announced that the technical support of the other following OSs of Wndow XP such as Window 7 would ended in two years. This conflict between OS vendor and OS users could not happen in one time, but could recur in recent future. Although studies on the ways of OS user protection policy would be needed to escape from this conflict, few prior studies had conducted this issue. This study had challenge to cautiously investigate in such OS user's reactions as the confirmation with OS user's expectation in the point of purchase, three types of justice perception on the treatment of OS vendor, psychological contract violation, satisfaction and the other betrayal behavioral intention in the case of Window XP technical support ending. By adopting the justice perception on this research, and by empirically validating the impact on OS user's reactions, I could suggest the direction of establishing OS user protection policy of OS vendor. Based on the expectation-confirmation theory, the theory of justice, literatures about psychological contract violation, and studies about consumer betrayal behaviors in the perspective of Herzberg(1968)'s dual factor theory, I developed the research model and hypothesis. Expectation-confirmation theory explain that consumers had expectation on the performance of product in the point of sale, and they could satisfied with their purchase behaviors, when the expectation could have confirmed in the point of consumption. The theory of justice in social exchange argues that treatee could be willing to accept the treatment by treater when the three types of justice as distributive, procedural, and interactional justice could be established in treatment. Literatures about psychological contract violation in human behaviors explains that contracter in a side could have the implied contract (also called 'psychological contract') which the contracter in the other side would sincerely execute the contract, and that they are willing to do vengeance behaviors when their contract had unfairly been broken. When the psychological contract of consumers had been broken, consumers feel distrust with the vendors and are willing to decrease such beneficial attitude and behavior as satisfaction, loyalty and repurchase intention. At the same time, consumers feel betrayal and are willing to increase such retributive attitude and behavior as negative word-of-mouth, complain to the vendors, complain to the third parties for consumer protection. We conducted a scenario survey in order to validate our research model at March, 2013, when is the point of news released firstly and when is the point of one year before the acture Window XP technical support ending. We collected the valid data from 238 voluntary participants who are the OS users but had not yet exposed the news of Window OSs technical support ending schedule. The subject had been allocated into two groups and one of two groups had been exposed this news. The data had been analyzed by the MANOVA and PLS. MANOVA results indicate that the OSs technical support ending could significantly decrease all three types of justice perception. PLS results indicated that it could significantly increase psychological contract violation and that this increased psychological contract violation could significantly reduce the trust and increase the perceived betrayal. Then, it could significantly reduce satisfaction, loyalty, and repurchase intention, and it also could significantly increase negative word-of-month intention, complain to the vendor intention, and complain to the third party intention. All hypothesis had been significantly approved. Consequently, OS users feel that the OSs technical support ending is not natural value added service ending, but the violation of the core OS purchase contract, that it could be the posteriori prohibition of OS user's OS usage right, and that it could induce the psychological contract violation of OS users. This study would contributions to introduce the psychological contract violation of the OS users from the OSs technical support ending in IS field, to introduce three types of justice as the antecedents of psychological contract violation, and to empirically validate the impact of psychological contract violation both on the beneficial and retributive behavioral intentions of OS users. For practice, the results of this study could contribute to make more comprehensive OS user protection policy and consumer relationship management practices of OS vendor.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.8-9
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• 2017

Soybean yield has been low and unstable in Japan and other areas in East Asia, despite long history of cultivation. This is contrasting with consistent increase of yield in North and South America. This presentation tries to describe perspective of breaking stagnation of soybean yield in East Asia, considering the factors of the different yields between regions. Large amount of rainfall with occasional dry-spell in the summer is a nature of monsoon climate and as frequently stated excess water is the factor of low and unstable soybean yield. For example, there exists a great deal of field-to-field variation in yield of 'Tanbaguro' soybean, which is reputed for high market value and thus cultivated intensively and this results in low average yield. According to our field survey, a major portion of yield variation occurs in early growth period. Soybean production on drained paddy fields is also vulnerable to drought stress after flowering. An analysis at the above study site demonstrated a substantial field-to-field variation of canopy transpiration activity in the mid-summer, but the variation of pod-set was not as large as that of early growth. As frequently mentioned by the contest winners of good practice farming, avoidance of excess water problem in the early growth period is of greatest importance. A series of technological development took place in Japan in crop management for stable crop establishment and growth, that includes seed-bed preparation with ridge and/or chisel ploughing, adjustment of seed moisture content, seed treatment with mancozeb+metalaxyl and the water table control system, FOEAS. A unique success is seen in the tidal swamp area in South Sumatra with the Saturated Soil Culture (SSC), which is for managing acidity problem of pyrite soils. In 2016, an average yield of $2.4tha^{-1}$ was recorded for a 450 ha area with SSC (Ghulamahdi 2017, personal communication). This is a sort of raised bed culture and thus the moisture condition is kept markedly stable during growth period. For genetic control, too, many attempts are on-going for better emergence and plant growth after emergence under excess water. There seems to exist two aspects of excess water resistance, one related to phytophthora resistance and the other with better growth under excess water. The improvement for the latter is particularly challenging and genomic approach is expected to be effectively utilized. The crop model simulation would estimate/evaluate the impact of environmental and genetic factors. But comprehensive crop models for soybean are mainly for cultivations on upland fields and crop response to excess water is not fully accounted for. A soybean model for production on drained paddy fields under monsoon climate is demanded to coordinate technological development under changing climate. We recently recognized that the yield potential of recent US cultivars is greater than that of Japanese cultivars and this also may be responsible for different yield trends. Cultivar comparisons proved that higher yields are associated with greater biomass production specifically during early seed filling, in which high and well sustained activity of leaf gas exchange is related. In fact, the leaf stomatal conductance is considered to have been improved during last a couple of decades in the USA through selections for high yield in several crop species. It is suspected that priority to product quality of soybean as food crop, especially large seed size in Japan, did not allow efficient improvement of productivity. We also recently found a substantial variation of yielding performance under an environment of Indonesia among divergent cultivars from tropical and temperate regions through in a part biomass productivity. Gas exchange activity again seems to be involved. Unlike in North America where transpiration adjustment is considered necessary to avoid terminal drought, under the monsoon climate with wet summer plants with higher activity of gas exchange than current level might be advantageous. In order to explore higher or better-adjusted canopy function, the methodological development is demanded for canopy-level evaluation of transpiration activity. The stagnation of soybean yield would be broken through controlling variable water environment and breeding efforts to improve the quality-oriented cultivars for stable and high yield.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.312-318
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• 2010

이 연구는 칼라 디지털 카메라 영상 분석에 의한 유수분화기 벼 군락의 건물중 및 질소흡수량 추정 모델, 유수분화기 질소흡수량과 질소 수비량에 따른 유수분화기 이후 질소 흡수량 추정 모델, 유수분화기 질소 흡수량과 유수분화기 이후 질소 흡수량에 따른 수량 및 쌀 단백질함량 추정 모델을 구축하고 이를 종합하여 목표 수량 또는 단백질함량을 달성하기 위한 질소 수비량을 추천하는 원시 프로그램을 개발하여 현장 적용성 예비 검토를 실시하고자 한 것이다. 1. 군락피복도(CC)와 군락체적(CV)은 초장, 건물중 및 질소흡수량과 고도로 유의한정의 상관을 나타내었으며, R, G, B, NDI 및 명도 값은 이들과 유의한 부의 상관을 나타내었다. 한편 표준화된 색지표인 r은 잎 및 지상부 질소함량과 유의한 부의 상관을 나타내었으나 표준화 색지표 b와 g는 이들과 유의한 상관을 보이지 않았다. 2. 벼 군락의 디지털 카메라 영상분석을 이용한 벼 지상부 건물중 및 질소 흡수량을 추정하기 위한 비선형회귀 모델을 작성하였다. 지상부 건물중 추정 모텔에는 CC와 정규화된 R값(r, NorR)이 변수로 채택이 되었고, 질소흡수량 추정에는 CC와 정규화된 G값(g, NorG)이 채택되었으며, 이들 모델의 결정계수는 각각 0.81과 0.68이었다. 영성분석 색지표 이외에 초장을 모델에 도입하는 경우 모델의 결정계수는 더 높아졌다. 3. 유수분화기에 적정 질소 추비량을 처방하기 위해서는 유수분화기 식물체의 질소 영양 상태(질소 흡수량, PNup) 및 질소 시비량이 수량과 단백질함량에 미치는 영향을 정량화하여야 하는데, 이를 위하여 Npi와 PNup이 유수 분화기부터 성숙기까지의 지상부 질소흡수량에 미치는 영향 및 PNup과 PHNup이 벼 수량 및 쌀 단백질 함량에 미치는 영향을 검토하여 중회귀 모델을 작성하였으며 이 모델들은 결정계수가 모두 0.8이상으로 높았다. 4. 상기의 모델들을 종합하여 유수분화기 벼 군락 영상분석을 이용한 수비처방 원시 프로그램을 작성하여 예비 검증 실험을 하였다. 벼 수비 처방 프로그램에 의해 쌀단백질 함량 6.0%를 기준으로 처방된 수비질소 분시율이 19%~21%로 표준재배 분시율 30%에 비해 낮은 수준으로 처방되었으나 완전미 수량은 대등하였고, 단백질함량은 수비처방 목표단백질 함량 6%보다는 다소 낮은 5.7~5.8%였으며, 수량과 단백질함량의 변이 계수는 관행 수비 처방구에 비하여 프로그램 처방구에서 크게 낮아져서 프로그램 처방에 의하여 수량과 품질이 균질화되는 결과였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권5_3호
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• pp.1109-1123
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• 2020

국토 대부분이 산림으로 구성되어 있는 대한민국은 매 년 많은 산불이 발생한다. 산불은 토양의 전단강도를 약화시켜 산사태에 취약한 토양층을 만들기도 하고, 수목의 복구가능여부에 따라 다른 계획 설립이 필요하기 때문에 산불피해면적 뿐만 아니라 피해강도에 대한 파악도 중요하다. 위성 원격탐사를 통한 산불피해강도 추정 연구가 많이 수행되어 왔으나, NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)와 NBR(Normalized Burn Ratio) 등과 같은 단일 인자의 시계열 변화만을 이용하여 피해강도를 파악하기에는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 Sentinel-1A SAR-C (Synthetic Aperture Radar-C)와 Sentinel-2A MSI(Multi Spectral Instrument)센서의 자료를 이용하여 기계학습방법을 통한 산불 피해강도 탐지 모델들을 제시하였다. 2017년 5월 삼척, 2019년 4월 강릉·동해, 2019년 4월 고성·속초 총 세개의 산불사례를 이용하여 RF(Random forest), LR(Logistic regression), SVM(Support Vector Machine)기계학습 모델을 구축하였다. 연구결과, random forest 모델이 82.3%의 총정확도로 가장 높은 성능을 보여주었다. 모델의 범용성 및 학습자료 민감도 확인을 위해 사례교차검증도 추가 시행하였는데, 그 결과 사례들의 시기적 차이에 의한 식생활력 및 재생도의 차이에 민감도가 높음을 확인하였다. 이는 추후 다양한 시공간적 사례를 추가할 시 개선이 될 것으로 보인다.