• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2017

An experiment was set to assess the effect of mixed plantings on initial growth and biomass yield of two common plantation tree species of Bangladesh namely Acacia auriculiformis (A) and Gmelina arborea (G). Study was carried out in the nursery bed of the Seed Research Laboratory and Nursery of Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Chittagong University (IFESCU), Bangladesh during February to November, 2015. The treatments consisted of two pure planting plots (100% A and 100% G) and five mixed planting plots (50%A: 50%G, 35%A: 65%G, 25%A: 75%G, 65%A: 35%G and 75%A: 25%G) of these two species. In nursery, seedlings were raised in a randomized blocks with four replicates of seven treatment plots. Periodic increments on height (cm), collar diameter (cm) and leaf/phyllode number of the seedlings was taken in every month and continued up to 10 months. The growth and biomass yield of seedlings were measured 10 months after the first seed was emerged. The effects of mixed plantation on growth and biomass were compared to that of seedlings grown in pure plantation. At the age of 10 months it was found that G. arborea seedlings were significantly tallest (240.13 cm) when planted with A. auriculiformis in a proportion of 25%A: 75%G, whereas A. auriculiformis were tallest in the pure 100% A plot, with an average mean height of 135.36 cm. Maximum collar diameter (1.38 cm) was recorded for G. arborea in the mixed plots 75%A: 25%G. Fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots of the seedlings were found significantly (p<0.05) highest in 50%A: 50%G plot for G. arborea. G. arborea also showed highest quality index when mixed with A. auriculiformis in a proportion of 50:50, with an average value of 8.96. The results revealed a positive correlation between seedling growth and various planting patterns.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2001

곰팡이독소 생성균과 비생성균의 혼합배양이 곰팡이독소 생성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 Aspergillus flavus (aflatoxin 생성균), Aspergillus nigey(비생성균) 그리고 Penicillium griseofulvum (patulin 생성균)을 5 ml의 SLS 배지에서 15일동안 단독 혹은 혼합배양하였다. Afatoxin의 생성능의 측정은 직접경쟁 ELISA법으로, patulin은 HPLC 법으로 생성능을 측정하였으며, 균의 생육도, pH 그리고 산생성량을 상법에 따라 측정하였다. 그 결과 혼합배양은 전체적으로 균의 생육도를 크게 저하시키지 않은 반면, 산의 생성증가로 pH의 감소를 보였다. Aflatoxin은 12일간의 단독배양시 145 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml이 생성되었으나 혼합배양으로 93%이상이 감소되어 10.26$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml을 생성하였다. Patulin의 경우도 혼합배양으로 단독배양시의 77.82$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml에 비하여 69.5%가 감소된 23.72$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml 수준을 나타내었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2017

Objectives : The present study was designed to investigate effects of mixed extracts (9:1, v/v) of Hwangryunhaedoktang, Chamaecyparis obtusa essential oil. We evaluated the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity by manufacturing mixed extracts as the materials for functional medicinal herb cosmetics. Methods : We performed antimicrobial were tested microbes (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Propionibacterium acnes) by disc diffusion method and measure clear zone. Antioxidant activities were measured by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. Results : Antimicrobial activities of mixed extracts against S. epidermideis, P. acnes, S. aureus, E. coli, and Candida. A were $10.9{\pm}3.0mm$, $16.9{\pm}2.0mm$, $9.2{\pm}2.0mm$, $10.3{\pm}1.0mm$, $11.8{\pm}3.0mm$ respectively. The Chamaecyparis obtusa essential oil had the highest antimicrobial activities against S. epidermideis, P. acnes, S. aureus, E. coli, and Candia. A and clear zone of microbes ware $16.7{\pm}3.0mm$, $28.8{\pm}0.2mm$, $15.9{\pm}2.0mm$, $11.5{\pm}1.0mm$, $16.3{\pm}3.0mm$. Hwangryunhaedoktang extract showed antimicrobial activity but only P. acnes and S. aureus The antioxidant activities of the mixed extracts were tested through the evaluation of DPPH radical scavenging activity. The 100 % mixed extracts were found to have 90 % DPPH radical scavenging activity. The mixed extracts was presented similar antioxidant activities compared with that of ascorbic acid. As a result, A mixture extract is expected to have antimicrobial effects and free radical scavenging activity was found. Conclusions : Accordingly, It can be concluded that mixed extracts has the potential to cosmetic material.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2019

Objective : This study investigated the effects of concentrated and lyophilized blue honeysuckle powders (BH) on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of sorafenib were observed. Method : The blood was collected at 0.5 hr before single oral treatment of sorafenib (40 mg/kg) or sorafenib with BH (400, 200 and 100 mg/kg) mixed formulas administration, and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hrs after the end of single or mixed formula administration. Plasma concentrations of sorafenib were analyzed using LC-MS/MS methods. Tmax, Cmax, AUC, $t_{1/2}$ and $MRT_{inf}$ of sorafenib were analysis as compared with sorafenib single treatment. Results : Single oral administration of mixed formulas induced significant increases of plasma sorafenib concentrations from 0.5 hr after end of administration throughout all blood collected time points, as compared with sorafenib single formula treated rats, and significant decreases of sorafenib Tmax with increases of Cmax, $AUC_{0-t}$ and $AUC_{0-inf}$ were detected in sorafenib and BH 400 mg/kg mixed formulation treated rats as compared with sorafenib single formula treated rats, respectively. Inaddition, sorafenib and BH 200 or 100 mg/kg mixed formula treated rats also showed significant increases of sorafenib Cmax, $AUC_{0-t}$ and $AUC_{0-inf}$, respectively. Conclusions : According to these results, mixed formulation of BH with sorafenib increased the bioavailability of sorafenib through the increment of the absorptions.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.121-126
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• 2004

This paper discusses about how to build up a mixed-effects model using cumulative logits when there are some factors are fixed and others are random. Random factors are assumed to be coming from a two-way nested design for choosing individuals or experimental units to apply treatments. Estimation procedure for the unknown parameters in a suggested model is also discussed by an illustrated example.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.211-223
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• 1999

We propose a simple estimation procedure in the mixed linear models with censored normal data, using both Buckly and James(1979) type pseudo random variables and Lee and Nelder's(1996) estimation procedure. The proposed method is illustrated with the matched pairs data in Pettitt(1986).

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2006

This paper shows how to use continuation-ratio logits for the analysis of structured polytomous data. Here, response categories are considered to have a nested binary structure. Thus, conditionally nested binary random variables can be defined in each step. Two types of factors are considered as independent variables affecting response probabilities. For the purpose of analyzing categorical data with binary nested strutures a continuation-ratio mixed model is suggested. Estimation procedure for the unknown parameters in a suggested model is also discussed in detail by an example.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1990

In order to obtain high dye uptake initially, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filaments were dyed with C.I.Disperse Orange 3 and Red 1 in mixed solvents of tetrachloroethylene acidic solvent, ethyl alcohol and tetrachloroethylene basic solvent, DMF. The dyeing behavior in the mixed solvent of tetrachloroethylene and basic solvent, DMF, the initial uptake of disperse dyes increased rapidly. The shrinkage of PET increased when the solubility parameter values of PET fiber and mixed solvent approached graduately.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.625-637
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• 2015

We develop a Bayesian clustering procedure based on a Dirichlet process prior with cluster specific random effects. Gibbs sampling of a normal mixture of linear mixed regressions with a Dirichlet process was implemented to calculate posterior probabilities when the number of clusters was unknown. Our approach (unlike its counterparts) provides simultaneous partitioning and parameter estimation with the computation of the classification probabilities. A Monte Carlo study of curve estimation results showed that the model was useful for function estimation. We find that the proposed Dirichlet process mixture model with cluster specific random effects detects clusters sensitively by combining vague edges into different clusters. Examples are given to show how these models perform on real data.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2009

We consider a logistic model with random effects as the superpopulation for estimating the small area pro-portions. The best linear unbiased predictor under linear mired model is popular in small area estimation. We use this type of estimator under logistic mixed motel for the small area proportions, on which the estimation of mean squared error is also discussed. Two kinds of estimation methods, the parametric bootstrap and the linear approximation will be compared through a Monte Carlo study in the respects of the normality assumption on the random effects distribution and also the magnitude of sample sizes on the approximation.