• 제목/요약/키워드: mixed homogeneity

검색결과 41건 처리시간 0.028초

국내 연구의 패션상품 평가속성 효과에 대한 메타분석연구 (Meta-analysis on the Effects of Fashion Product Evaluation Attributes in Korea)

  • 이정우;김미영
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제40권6호
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    • pp.1150-1163
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    • 2016
  • This study makes use of meta-analysis to statistically integrate the quantitative results of individual research on the influence of fashion product attributes on purchase; in addition, this study utilizes the effect sizes of correlation coefficients. This study was based on 24 individual studies from January 2000 to March 2015. The meta-analysis analyzed 91 effect sizes and 24 studies and calculated the correlation coefficient effect sizes. A random effect model was employed for meta-analysis because the results for the homogeneity test indicated that the effect sizes of each research were heterogeneous. The analysis results are as follows. First, when the total effect sizes of the fashion product attributes that influence clothing purchase decisions were calculated as .256; this indicated that the effect size is slightly below the mid-sized level. Second, upon examining the effect sizes of the categorized fashion product attributes, the intrinsic attributes yielded .222, extrinsic factors yielded .235, and the compiled attributes yielded .420; this demonstrated that the compiled attributes have a larger effect size than individual attributes. Third, when they were measured by the characteristics of study targets, they were larger for a mixed-gender group than women as well as for ordinary citizens than university students. When the effect sizes were measured based on the characteristics of fashion products as suggested in the study, there were significant differences with respect to sportswear, followed by SPA brand clothing, general clothing, fashion accessories, and designer clothing. The cases where the clothing were purchased in non-retail stores were found to have a slightly larger effect size than those of offline retail stores when the effect sizes were measured based on purchase routes; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Next, an investigation of the trend of effect sizes based on published year via the meta regression analysis indicated slightly larger effect sizes as shown in more recent publications, but this was not statistically significant.

한형모 감독의 영화 <자유부인>에 나타난 복식에 관한 연구 (A Study on the customs in Han Hyungmo's film )

  • 김혜정
    • 패션비즈니스
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.98-113
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    • 2013
  • This study is an attempt to analyze the daily life of the Western-yearning Seoul citizens and the inflow of the Western culture into certain social classes. The customs of the characters in the film are studied to illustrate the process of deconstruction of Korean traditional clothes due to the Western influence. The combined application of the Western and Korean styles is also observed. All this study leads to the sense of homogeneity of the times and the conformity to the culture the Korean women shared, which boils down to the social identity of the Korean women who sought an escape from the men-centered social structure by displaying their competence in the field of global modern fashion. As Seonyeong Oh, the main character of the film, , was wearing in the movie the Korean traditional dress, socks, rubber shoes, and then a western-style coat, it well shows that in 1950's, the traditional dress and ornaments were mixed with Western styles. In time, men's wear were completely changed from the traditional Korean clothes to suits, while women's could not break off from the traditional clothes and become westernized, which indicates that the men-centered conservative ideas to keep women within the feudal regime of the society remained. The military look of Seonyeong Oh while she was acting in the society was a symbol of anti-bias against women and anti-convention as well as the will of freedom as an independent woman. Besides, the modern girls would wear clothes of military fashion, Dior's trapeze line, and knit styles flattering the figures. All these well show their desires to embrace Western cultures, especially their dress fashions as well as manners as so-called enlightened ladies. All these elements show that the director was trying to represent the progress of the drama, characters, and psychological states by means of the dress and ornaments.

Effect of barium silicate filler content on mechanical properties of resin nanoceramics for additive manufacturing

  • Won, Sun;Ko, Kyung-Ho;Park, Chan-Jin;Cho, Lee-Ra;Huh, Yoon-Hyuk
    • The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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    • 제14권5호
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    • pp.315-323
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    • 2022
  • PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of barium silicate filler contents on mechanical properties of resin nanoceramics (RNCs) for additive manufacturing (AM). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Additively manufactured RNC specimens were divided into 4 groups depending on the content of ceramic fillers and polymers: 0% barium silicate and 100% polymer (B0/P10, control group); 50% barium silicate and 50% polymer (B5/P5); 60% barium silicate and 40% polymer (B6/P4); 67% barium silicate and 33% polymer (B6.7/P3.3). The compressive strength (n = 15) and fracture toughness (n = 12) of the specimens were measured, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were performed. Independent sample Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed on the compressive strength and fracture toughness test results, and the significance of each group was analyzed at the 95% confidence interval through post-tests using the Bonferroni's method. RESULTS. B6/P4 and B6.7/P3.3 exhibited much higher yield strength than B0/P10 and B5/P5 (P < .05). Compared to the control group (B0/P10), the other three groups exhibited higher ultimate strength (P < .05). The fracture toughness of B6/P4 and B6.7/P3.3 were similar (P > .05). The content of barium silicate and fracture toughness showed a positive correlation coefficient (R = 0.582). SEM and EDS analyses revealed the presence of an oval-shaped ceramic aggregate in B6/P4 specimens, whereas the ceramic filler and polymer substrate were homogeneously mixed in B6.7/P3.3. CONCLUSION. Increasing the ceramic filler content improves the mechanical properties, but it can be accompanied by a decrease in the flowability and the homogeneity of the slurry.

Effects of Powder Property and Sintering Atmosphere on the Properties of Burnable Absorber Fuel : I. $UO_2-Gd_2O_3$ Fuel

  • K. W. Song;Kim, K. S.;H. S. Yoo;Kim, J. H.
    • 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국원자력학회 1997년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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    • pp.171-176
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    • 1997
  • UO$_2$-Gd$_2$O$_3$fuel has been sintered to study the effect of powder property and sintering atmospheres on densification and microstructure. Three types of powders have been used; AUC-UO$_2$ powder and ADU-UO$_2$ powder were mixed with Gd$_2$O$_3$ Powder, and co-milled AUC-UO$_2$ and Gd$_2$O$_3$ powder. UO$_2$-(2, 5, 10)wt% Gd$_2$O$_3$pellets have been sintered at 168$0^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours in the mixture of H$_2$ and $CO_2$ gases, of which oxygen potential has been controlled by the ratio of $CO_2$ to H$_2$ gas. Densities of UO$_2$-Gd$_2$O$_3$ fuel pellets are quite dependent on powder types, and UO$_2$-Gd$_2$O$_3$ fuel using co-milled UO$_2$ powder yields the highest density. A long range homogeneity of Gd is determined by powder mixing. As the oxygen potential of sintered atmosphere increases, the sintered densities of UO$_2$-Gd$_2$O$_3$ pellets decrease but grain size increases. In addition, (U, Gd)O$_2$ solid solution becomes more homogeneous. The UO$_2$-Gd$_2$O$_3$fuel having adequate density and homogeneous microstructure can be fabricated by co-milling powder and by high oxygen potential.

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외상경험 청소년의 외상 후 성장 프로그램 개발 및 효과 (The Development and Effect of Posttraumatic Growth Program for Adolescents with Traumatic Experiences)

  • 차지영;함경애;천성문
    • 한국심리학회지:학교
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.129-157
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구는 외상 경험을 가진 청소년들을 위한 집단상담 프로그램을 개발하고 프로그램의 효과를 검증하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 외상 후 성장 프로그램은 현장 전문가의 요구와 외상 경험이 있는 학생들의 요구를 토대로 외상 후 성장 프로그램 모형을 개발하고, 이 모형에 입각하여 외상 경험 청소년들의 외상 후 성장을 증진시키기 위한 10회기 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발 된 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위해 20명의 특성화 고등학생을 실험군과 대기자 통제집단으로 나누어 주당 2회기씩 총 10회기를 실시하였다. 이러한 실험집단과 대기자 통제집단의 외상 후 성장, 사건 관련 반추, 사회적지지에 대한 사전-사후 -추후 시점에 따른 비교를 통해 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위해 양적분석을 실시하였으며, 경험보고서 및 개인별 면담자료를 통해 양적분석 결과를 보완하였다. 양적분석 방법은 집단 간의 사전 동질성 검사를 위해서 일원변량분석을 실시하였으며, 연구의 가설을 검증하기 위한 혼합설계변량 분석(mixed ANOVA)을 사용하였다. 연구결과, 개발된 외상 후 성장 프로그램은 외상 후 성장, 의도적 반추 수준을 증진시키는데 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 후속 연구에 대한 제언과 시사점을 논의하였다.

생체내 혈중 납 표준물질의 제조 (In Vivo Preperation of Standard Reference Materials of Lead in Blood)

  • 정규철;최호춘
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.863-873
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    • 1995
  • This report describes a preperation and characterization of canine blood lead(Pb) standard reference material(SRM). Three adult beagle dogs(A, B, and C)were orally dosed with gelatin capsules containing $Pb(NO_3)_2$, equivalent to $10\sim80mg$ Pb/kg body weight. Blood was drawn 24 hours after the dose from the cephalic vein into lead free 500ml Pyrex beaker in which EDTA.K was contained as an anticoagulant. The amount of lead given to individual dog was varied arbitrarily. Three month later, 3 canine animals were orally dosed with lead secondarily to make mixed SRM(D1) which was mixed different concentrations of lead in bloods with A1, B1, and C1 in vitro. The SRMs for A, B, C, A1, B1, C1, and D1 were distributed 2ml each into more than 300 lead free bottles, and were stored in refregerator at $4^{\circ}C$. The amount of lead in canine whole blood samples were determined using a Varian 30A atomic absorption spectrophotometer(AAS) with a model GTA-96 graphite tube atomizer with D2 background correction and a Hitachi Z-8100 AAS with Zeeman background correction. The sensitivity and detection limits for lead determination of Varian 30A were $0.46{\mu}g/L,\;0.34{\mu}g/L,\;and\;0.56{\mu}g/L,\;0.14{\mu}g/L$ of Hitachi Z-8100, respectively. Day to day variations in determination of blood lead concentration in a certain sample were $31.11{\pm}1.36{\mu}g/100ml$ by Varian 30A, and $33.08{\pm}0.82{\mu}g/100ml$ by Hitachi Z-8100, showing the difference of 3% between the two results. At the blood lead concentrations of $56.31{\pm}1.98{\mu}g/100ml(A),\;40.89{\pm}0.80{\mu}g/100ml(B),\;59.01{\pm}1.38{\mu}g/100ml(C)$, the precisions of replicated measurements by AAS were 3.52%, 1.96%, and 2.34%, respectively. Coefficient variation(CV) of SRMs(A, B, and C) within a standard sample were ranged from 0.92% to 7.50%, and those between 5 standard samples were 1.21%, 2.64%, and 1.11%, respectively, showing inter-vial variation of $1{\mu}g/100ml$. Lead levels in SRMs during one month storage were unchanged. The overall recoveries were $89.6\sim100.4%,\;91.6\sim101.9%,\;90.3\sim100.0%$ for A, B, and C SRMs, means were $56.46{\pm}2.69{\mu}g/100ml,\;39.35{\pm}1.89{\mu}g/100ml,\;57.40{\pm}2.31{\mu}g/100ml$, and measurement ranges were$52.88{\pm}59.26{\mu}g/100ml,\;37.47{\pm}41.68{\mu}g/100ml,\;54.80{\pm}60.69{\mu}g/100ml$, respectively. Those results were laid within confidence limits values. The lead concentrations in the mixed sample(D1) stored over one month period were ranged from $32.76{\mu}g/100ml\;to\;33.54{\mu}g/100ml$, with CV ranging from 1.2% to 2.7%. The results were similiar to each of single samples(A1, B1, and C1) in respect of homogeneity and stability. Results of the mixed blood sample analysed after 1 month storage at $4^{\circ}C$ by four other laboratories(L1, L2, L3, L4) were similar with those of our laboratory($L5;31.18{\pm}0.24{\mu}g/100ml$, acceptable range by $CDC;25.18\sim37.18{\mu}g/100ml$), showing the concentrations of $25.91{\pm}1.19{\mu}g/100ml(L1),\;34.16{\pm}0.22{\mu}g/100ml(L2),\;35.68{\pm}0.85{\mu}g/100ml(L3),\;30.95{\pm}0.46{\mu}g/100ml(L4)$ in a each samples.

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소집단 구성 방식이 자유 탐구 수행에 미치는 영향: 소집단 구성 방식을 달리한 두 중학교의 사례 (The Impact of Grouping Methods on Free Inquiry Implementation: The Case of Two Middle Schools Adopting Different Grouping Methods)

  • 박재용;이기영
    • 한국과학교육학회지
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.686-702
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    • 2012
  • 이 연구에서는 중학교 자유 탐구에서의 소집단 구성 방식이 학생들의 자유 탐구 수행에 미치는 영향을 혼합 연구방법으로 조사하였다. 강원도 소재 중학교 2곳에서 1학년 각 2학급씩 4학급(남녀 혼성)을 연구대상으로 하였으며, 여교사 2명과 총 113명의 학생들이 참여하였다. 두 학교 학생들을 각각 과학 탐구능력 및 성격 유형에 따라 동질집단과 이질집단으로 편성하였으며, 동일 과제로 약 3주에 걸쳐 자유 탐구를 수행하게 하였다. 소집단 구성 방식이 자유 탐구 수행에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 사후 과학 탐구능력 검사 결과를 통계적으로 비교 분석하였으며, 양적 연구를 보완하기 위한 질적 연구로서 학생 포커스 그룹 인터뷰 및 교사 심층 면접을 실시하였다. 양적 연구결과, 두 학교 모두 소집단을 동질적으로 구성했을 때가 이질적으로 구성했을 때보다 과학 탐구능력에 대한 개인별 향상 지수의 향상 비율이 높게 나타났다. 한편 소집단 구성방식의 효과를 질적으로 분석한 결과, 학생과 교사 모두 인지적인 특성으로 소집단을 구성하기보다 정의적인 특성에 기초하여 소집단을 구성하는 것이 자유 탐구 수행에 더 효과적이라고 인식하고 있었으며, 특히 학생들의 경우 성격 유형에 따른 소집단 구성 방식을 가장 선호하였다. 또한 자유 탐구를 수행했던 일부 학생들과 지도교사들은 소집단을 구성하기 위하여 학생들에 대한 정보를 충분히 수집할 필요가 있으며, 그와 같은 정보를 학생들의 정의적 특성에 따른 소집단의 구성 기준과 혼합하여 사용하는 방식을 제안하였다.

한반도 중파장적외선 지표 복사율 분포 연구 (A Study on the Land Surface Emissivity (LSE) Distribution of Mid-wavelength Infrared (MWIR) over the Korean Peninsula)

  • 선종선;박욱;원중선
    • 대한원격탐사학회지
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.423-434
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    • 2016
  • 적외선을 이용한 지표 온도 추정 및 변화 탐지를 위해서는 해당 파장대역의 각 센서에 따른 지표 복사율 추정 및 배경값에 대한 확보가 필요하다. 이 연구는 위성 영상으로부터 한반도에서의 중파장적외선 복사율 산출방법에 대한 제안 및 토지피복 종류별 대표 복사율을 산출하여 한반도 배경값을 제시할 수 있다. 중파장적외선 복사율을 추정하기 위해 Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite(VIIRS)의 $3.74{\mu}m$ 파장 대역 밴드4 영상에 Temperature Independent Spectral Indices(TISI) 방법을 적용하여 복사율을 계산하였으며, 또한 이와 비교하기 위해 Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflection Radiometer(ASTER) spectral library로부터 토지피복에 따른 복사율도 계산하였다. 그 결과 활엽수립(0.958) 및 혼합림(0.955) 지역의 연평균 복사율이 가장 높았으며 농지(0.925) 및 자연식생(0.935) 지역보다는 약 2-3% 높게 나타났다. 도심지역의 경우 0.914로 가장 낮으며 연간 변화율이 1%인 다른 지역과는 달리 약 2%로 그 편차가 크다. ASTER spectral library와 비교한 결과 위성영상에서 추정한 중파장적외선 복사율은 동일한 토지 피복에 비해 약 2-3% 낮게 나타나는데, 이는 실제 지표면이 불균질한 점 외 기타 다양한 원인에 의한 것으로 추정된다. 이러한 연구 결과는 중파장적외선 영상을 이용하여 지표온도 추정 및 토지피복도의 계절 및 외부환경 변화에 의한 한반도 중파장적외선 복사율의 변화 특성을 이해하는데 기초 자료로 활용될 것이다.

자외선 경화형 유기/무기 복합코팅에 의한 폴리카보네이트의 내마모성 향상 연구 (Study on the Improved Abrasion Resistance of Polycarbonate Substrate by UV-curable Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Coatings)

  • 윤석은;우희권;김동표
    • 폴리머
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.389-398
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    • 2000
  • 폴리카보네이트 표면에 spin-coating한 유/무기 복합 코팅막을 자외선 경화와 가열(12$0^{\circ}C$, 12시간)처리함으로써 약 4~13 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 두께의 투명한 내마모성 유/무기 복합코팅막을 제조하였다. 코팅용액은 무기상과 유기상을 각각 0 : 100, 20 : 80, 30 : 70, 50 : 50, 80 : 20 중량비로 혼합한 다음 광개시제, 증감제 및 계면활성제를 첨가하여 제조하였다. 무기상은 TEOS와 실란커플링제 MPTMS을 1 : 2 혹은 2 : 1몰비로 흔합하여 졸ㆍ겔 반응으로 제조하였으며, 유기상은 2관능형 urethane acrylate 올리고머, 다관능형 TMPTA와 HDDA를 4:3:3 wt% 비율로 흔합하여 제조하였다. 유/무기복합상의 화학적 변화는 FT-IR, $^{29}$ Si-NMR로 분석하였으며, 열분석과 코팅층 표면 형상은 TGA/DSC, SEM, AFM으로 분석하였다. 무기물의 함량과 실란커플링제의 첨가량이 증가 할수록 분자수준의 흔화도가 개선되고 표면 평활도와 내마모성도 향상되었다. 즉 약 10 $\AA$ 이하의 표면 거칠기와 약 15$0^{\circ}C$의 T$_{g}$를 나타내는 시료는 500회 마모시험 전후 단지 16%의 광투과도 감소만을 보인 반면에, 무코팅 폴리카보네이트를 46%의 광투과율 감소를 나타내었다..

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한국 부부교육 프로그램의 효과에 대한 메타분석 (Meta-analysis of the effects on family life education for couples in Korea)

  • 이은영;장진경
    • 한국가족관계학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.181-204
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    • 2018
  • Objectives: The aim of this study is to integrate the results of the previous studies from 1900 to 2016 according to the types of dependent variables individually and statistically to obtain the results of the overall level of the marital education program I need to figure it out. In other words, the general and valid study on the overall effectiveness of the marriage education program will lead to more concluded conclusions and draw up an integrated and holistic conclusion about the effectiveness of the marriage education program. Method: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of married couples' education program on married couples' education program. The results of this study are as follows. First, Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. In other words, funnel plot, forest plot, and trim & fill were used to analyze all the variables related to the education of the couple, and homogeneity test After choosing an analytical model for the analysis, we calculated the 'standardized mean difference' effect size (d) that can compare different individual studies through the analytical model. The results of this study are as follows. Results: The purpose of this study was to investigate the overall effect size of domestic couples education programs after 1990, and to investigate the effect sizes of dependent variable types and program - related variables. First, the total effect size of the domestic marriage education program was close to the level of the large effect size and had a substantial and preventive effect. Self-esteem, communication, marital adjustment, emotion, and self control have a substantial and prophylactically significant change depending on the type of subordinate variables related to the marital education program But there was no change in origin family and life satisfaction. Third, as a result of the categorization of the dependent variable categorization of the Korean couple education program, it was found that the marital relations of the participant in the individual inner and the marital relations The effect was significant enough to change. Fourth, Korean couple education program was most effective when mixed age couples were participated in various family life cycle. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to study more deeply about marital education program effect of marriage education for various special groups such as married couples who are in a crisis of divorce, . It also means that the results of the research for the last 30 years from 1900 to 2016 were comprehensively and systematically summarized through meta - analysis. The results of this study provide information on how to provide the most effective couples education programs for practitioners in the field. The result of this study will be the data of judgment about how to organize the marital education program for people of any ages and characteristics in the future.