• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2001

The partial sequences of mtDNA cytochrome b gene in two subspecies of striped field mouse(Apodemus agrarius coreae and A. agrarius manchuricus) from Korea and northeast China were analyzed to determine the degree of genetic diversity in ech subspecies and to confirm their subspecific difference. In 18 specimens of A. agrarius coreae, ten haplotypes were resulted, and in two specimens of A. agrarius manchuricus. one haplotype was revealed. Tamura-Nei nucleotide distance among ten haplotypes in subspecies coreae ranged 0.36 to 1.86%. and nucleotide distance between two subspecies (coreae and manchuricus) was 0.37 to 1.47%: maximum infrasubspecific divergence in coreae was greater than maximum intersubspecific difference between two subspecies. Moreover, no major subgroup was resulted when 11 haplotypes in two subspecies were compared. Our sequence result was not cancordant with the morphological data studied so far, and it is concluded that cytochrome b gene sequence is not a good genetic marker to distinguish two subspecies of A. agrarius. In futurem, mtDNA control region analyses seemded to be necessary to reveal genetic relationship between these two subspecies of A. agrarius.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 2008

Lentiviral vector system is efficient vehicles for the delivery of exogenous genes, and it is generally used in the generation of transgenic chickens. In this study, we used recombinant lentiviral vectors to generate transgenic chicks that express the human superoxide dismutase-3 gene driven by the chicken ovalbumin promoter. It is well known that superoxide dismutases(SODs) are believed to play a crucial role in protecting cells against oxygen toxicity. There are three forms of SOD proteins: cytosolic Cu-Zn SOD, mitochondrial Mn SOD, and extracellular SOD(SOD-3). The recombinant lentivirus containing the human SOD-3 gene was injected into the subgerminal cavity of freshly laid eggs. Subsequently, the embryos were incubated to hatch using phases II and III of the surrogate shell ex vivo culture system. From 341 injected embryos, the 78 chicks hatched after 21 days incubation. The hatched chicks were screened for the human SOD-3 gene by using PCR. Two of 47 male chickens that survived to sexual maturity contained the human SOD-3 gene in their semen. These results showed that our transgenic chicken generation system was completely established.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.641-649
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• 2022

Leaf-rolling moths were collected from soybean fields and identified as Matsumuraeses falcana and Matsumuraeses phaseoli by comparison with laboratory-reared species based on the nucleotide sequence (658 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 subunit gene (COX1). Ten haplotypes with 0.15-0.46% genetic distance from each other in COX1 were found in 47 samples of M. falcana, in which haplotype A was dominant (approximately 70%). Only one type of COX1 was found in 30 samples of M. phaseoli, and its sequence showed 4.11-4.61% genetic distance from those of M. falcana. Amino acid sequences translated from COX1 were identical in all samples of both species, and they showed synonymous substitutions. Larvae of both species caused damage to soybean leaves and pods and co-occurred simultaneously in the field. The average density of M. falcana was 1.5 times higher than that of M. phaseoli. The results clearly indicate that soybean was the host plant for both species. In addition, Elodia flavipalpis (Diptera: Tachinidae) was found to be a larval parasitoid of Matsumuraeses sp. through identification of the COX1 gene.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-71
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• 2010

Gammarus gageoensis n. sp., a new species of freshwater gammarid, was collected from Gageodo Island, South Korea. This new species is characterized in terms of its morphology by the flagellum of antenna 2 with calceoli, the pereopods 3 and 4 with numerous long curled setae on the posterior margins, the terminal article of the outer ramus in uropod 3, which is longer than the adjacent spines, and the presence of both rami with long simple setae. The morphological characters of the new species that are different to related species are presented in the text. This paper also compares the new species to related species by the partial sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene. The sequence difference, consisting of a 39-44% difference relative to closely related species, is also large enough to designate this gammarid as a different species from other freshwater gammarid species. This is the first finding of a new species of Korean freshwater gammarid since 1992. Including this new species, a total of 10 species are known to Korea.

• BMB Reports
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• v.47 no.8
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• pp.433-438
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• 2014

Plant sterols have shown potent anti-proliferative effects and apoptosis induction against breast and prostate cancers. However, the effect of sterols against hepatic cancer has not been investigated. In the present study, we assessed whether the stigmasterol isolated from Navicula incerta possesses apoptosis inductive effect in hepatocarcimona (HepG2) cells. According to the results, Stigmasterol has up-regulated the expression of pro-apoptotic gene expressions (Bax, p53) while down-regulating the anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl-2). Probably via mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway. With the induction of apoptosis caspase-8, 9 were activated. The DNA damage and increase in apoptotic cell numbers were observed through Hoechst staining, annexin V staining and cell cycle analysis. According to these results, we can suggest that the stigmasterol shows potent apoptosis inductive effects and has the potential to be tested as an anti-cancer therapeutic against liver cancer.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.267-271
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• 2013

In Japan, the wild house mouse Mus musculus consists of two lineages, one from Southeast Asia (Mus musculus castaneus; CAS) and one from northern Eurasia (Mus musculus musculus; MUS). However, the exact origins of the parental lineages are unclear. A recent work using mitochondrial sequences revealed that Japanese CAS and MUS are closely related to haplotypes from South China and the Korean Peninsula, respectively. Recent phylogeographic analyses using nuclear gene sequences have also confirmed a close relationship between Japan and Korea in the MUS component. However, the Japanese CAS components in the nuclear genome are likely to be unique and to differ from those of other CAS territories, including South China. Although the origins are still unresolved, these results allow us to conclude that two areas of the continent, South China and the Korean Peninsula, are the primary source areas of Japanese wild mice and suggest pre-historical introductions associated with certain historical agricultural developments in East Asia.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 2020

The distribution and genotypes of the sea nettle Chrysaora pacifica have been reported in the South Sea of Korea; however, little research work has been attempted in the East Sea. Here, we collected similar jellyfishes from the East Sea coasts (Goseong, Yangyang and Sokcho), and identified them to the sea nettle morphologically. In addition, the genotypes of these sea nettle were compared with those from the South Sea (Tongyeong and Geoje). Phylogenetic analysis by using the mitochondrial COI sequences showed that the genus Chrysaora was clearly separated from other taxa to be formed a monophyletic group, with each species distinctly separated. C. pacifica in the East and South Seas was separated geographically by the COI phylogeography, representing potentially different populations. The COI gene of the Korean C. pacifica had approximately 7 times more genetic variation than the nuclear ITS rDNA, and thus it might be considered as a useful marker for genetic analysis of the jellyfish population.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.311-315
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• 2002

Cellular death by apoptosis is an active process, depending on gene transcription and protein synthesis. It was reported that nitric oxide can induce apoptosis in several cancer cell-lines. We studied effects of Phytolacca esculentum van Houtt (Phytolaccaceae) Radix water extract (PRE) on the proliferation of transplanted-L1210 cells in mice. When PRE (500 mg/kg) was administered orally once a day for 7 days after transplantation of L1210 cells to mice, DNA fragmentation of transplanted-L1210 cells was induced and mitochondrial transmembrane potential of those cells was reduced. Additionally, DNA fragmentation of L1210 cells was induced by the treatment of PRE in vitro. Also, DNA fragmentation of L1210 cells was enhanced by co-culture with the peritoneal macrophages obtained from PRE-administered mice and was partly inhibited by L-NMMA in vitro. PRE enhanced the production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-α from peritoneal rnacrophages. These results suggest that PRE induces apoptosis of transplanted-L1210 cells via directive action on L1210 cells and stimulation of nitric oxide and tumor neaosis factor-α from macrophages.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.739-742
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• 2013

A 52-year-old woman presented with lower back pain, progressive symmetrical paraparesis with sensory impairment, and sphincter disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole spine revealed multiple intradural extramedullary serpiginous-mass lesions in the subarachnoid space continuously from the prepontine to the anterior part of the medulla oblongata levels, C7, T2-T8, and T12 vertebral levels distally until the end of the theca sac and filling-in the right S1 neural foramen. Sparganosis was diagnosed by demonstration of the sparganum in histopathological sections of surgically resected tissues and also by the presence of serum IgG antibodies by ELISA. DNA was extracted from unstained tissue sections, and a partial fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene was amplified using a primer set specific for Spirometra spp. cox1. After sequencing of the PCR-amplicon and alignment of the nucleotide sequence data, the causative agent was identified as the larva of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.585-588
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• 1997

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to distinguish from two morphologically similar red algal species; Acrosorium polyneurum and A. yendoi. Total DNA was extracted by the LiCl method. The extracted DNA (15 ng) in a $25{\mu}\ell$ reaction volume was amplified by the PCR technique using primers covering with mitochondrial D-loop gene, nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and nuclear rDNA external transcribed spacer. A. yendoi could be distinguished from A. polyneurum on the producible basis of amplified ITS fragment of 650 bp.