• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2011

Objectives This study was designed to examine antimicrobial effects of Fermented Coptidis rhizoma and Lonicerae Flos against pathogens. Methods Lactobacilli MRS broth was added to 200mL glass bottle containing 20% herb powder(w/v) followed by 30 minute sonication and then shaking at 70 rpm in $70^{\circ}C$ water bath for 3 hours in order to extract fermented herb. Fermented herb extract was autoclaved at $121^{\circ}$ for 15minutes. $2{\times}10^7$ CFU/mL subcultured bacteria was inoculated and cultured for 24 hours and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes. After transferring to 15 mL conical tube, the viable cells were counted. Results and Conclusion Fermented Coptidis rhizoma and Lonicerae Flos both showed antimicrobial effect on pathogens especially when Fermented Coptidis rhizoma was experimented against Staphylococcus aureus.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2020

Objectives : We tried to establish standards for genuine by discriminating 3 kinds of pollen and spore herbs that are highly to be mixed with each other. Using an scanning electron microscope, we prepare a standard for discriminating external morphological characters of minute herbs, thereby contributing to the stable supply of genuine herbal medicines. Methods : Standard samples were confirmed by literature review on external morphological characteristics of original plants and herbal medicines, and collection and identification of original plants. The herbal medicines on the market were purchased and classified with using naked eye observation and magnifier. Finally, micromorphological identifications were conducted using an scanning electron microscope. Results : 1. Pini Pollen was clearly distinguished by its relatively medium size and a pollen grain with two swollen reticulate sacci at both ends. The verrucate ornamentation on the exine surface of the corpus and a sunken leptoma germ pore may be used as a discrimination criteria. 2. Typhae Pollen was distinguished by its relatively small size and a saccus on the end of a pollen grain. Reticulate ornamentation of exine surface of the corpus, and a slightly clear ulcerate germ pore can be used as a discrimination criteria. 3. Lygodii Spora was distinguished by its relatively large triangular-ovate shape and trichotomous fissure. Verrucate-tuberculate ornamentation of exine surface and trilete aperture could be used as a discrimination criteria. Conclusion : These results indicate that the use of electron microscopy is very effective for discriminating the external morphology of minute herbal medicines.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.1 s.132
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• pp.45-54
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• 2003

We have conducted to characterize the physico-chemical change and pharmacological transformation of traditional herbal medicines by means of processing. Processed Gardeniae Fructus was prepared by heating of fruit of Gardenia jasminoides(GF) for $30{\sim}50\;minute$ in the roster designed for herb processing. The contents of drying loss, water extract, diluted ethanol extract, ether extract and geniposide in non-processed GF and processed GF were examined. The contents of drying loss, water extract and geniposide in processed GF showed a decrease as compared with those of non-processed GF, however the contents of dilute ethanol and ether extract showed a increase as compared with those of non-processed GF. The rate of decrease/increase of those index were in proportion to heating time. And, biological activities of methanol extract of non-processed GF and processed GF were investigated. DPPH scavenging effects and inhibitory effect of xanthine oxidate and hemolysis of processed GF exhibited more effective than those of non-processed GF in vitro. Accelerating effect of large intestinal transport and purgative action of non- processed GF were discriminated by processing of GF. Methanol extracts of non-pro- cessed GF and processed GF showed the protective effects against the hepatotoxicity induced by ${\alpha}-naphthylisothiocyanate$ in rats. These results suggested that the transformation of biological activities of GF by means of processing may be due to the physico-chemical change of the constituents in GF by heating.

• Journal of Oriental Physiology
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• v.14 no.2 s.20
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• pp.55-66
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• 1999

The effects of Bogi, Boyang and Onri herbs on glutamate receptor using nystatin perforated patch clamp under voltage clamp were investigated and the following results was obtained. Ginseng radix and Astragali radix were chosen as Bogi herbs. Cervi cornu and Boshniakiae herba were used as Boyang herbs. Aconiti tuber and Zingiberis rhizoma were selected as Onri herbs. 1. $10^{-6}M$ of glycine brought about the increase of the ion currents by Astragali radix. Cervi cornu. Boshniakiae herba and Aconiti tuber to a minute extent that has no experimental meaning. 2. It was assumed that Bogi herb had no effect on glutamate receptor since the ion currents of Ginseng radix and Astragali radix that are Bogi herbs had not been inhibited to a great extent by D-AP5 and CNQX. 3. Boyang herbs were seem to have meaningful relationship with non-NMDA receptor since the ion currents by Cervi cornu and Boshniakiae that are Boyang herbs were inhibited by CNQX but not inhibited to a meaningful extent by D-AP5. 4. D-AP5 had not a significant effect on the ion currents activated by Onri herbs such as Aconiti tuber and Zingiberis rhizoma. CNQX had a significant effect on the ion currents of Aconiti tuber but no effect on the ion currents of Zingiberis rhizoma. Therefore, it seemed that Aconiti tuber had a relationship with non-NMDA receptor while Zingiberis rhizoma had no relationship with glutamate receptor. In summary, Bogi, Boyang and Onri herbs had different effects through different mechanisms on glutamate receptor. Hence it was believed that. through experiments on acetylcholine receptor new classification could be made.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2 s.28
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• pp.46-91
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• 1994

l. Backgrounds of Studies Cerebrovascular accident. one of the three major causes of death among audults with cardiopathy and malignancy, has been on the increase in korea while it is on the decrease in European countries and Japan. Types of stroke undergo changes caused by prolongment of life expectancy. and social and economic variety. More patients of ischemic stroke show a tendency to increase now than those of hemorrhagic stroke in the past. Many clinical studies on medical cerebrovascular and oriental stroke of paralysis have been published. but few clinical studies on therapeutics of integrated oriental and western medicine are to be found. So I have made an attempt to study clinical observations and therapeutic responses of ischemic stroke under integrated oriental and western medicine. 2.Methods. Among the patients admitted into the clinic of Joong-Poong, Woo-Suk University Hospital from May 1. 1993 until April 30. 1994 those 56 patients who were diagnosed as ischemic stroke on Computed Tomography(CT) and showed no dubious symptom after examination of coagulation and bleeding time were classified into the following six steps and treated: l)diagnosis 2)emergency treatment 3)basic treatment 4)treatment of risk and provoking factors. and preceeding disease 5)complications and conservative therapy 6)rehabilitation. For a period of basic treatment both herb medication and urokinase therapy were applied at the same time. Intravenous injection has been given at a unit of 300.000 dosage a day as urokinase therapy during basic treatment. If they showed any dubious symptom in glucose tolerance test. fructose 500ml and urokinase 300.000 dosage were mixed and injected. In case of no symptom 5% DW 500ml was mixed with urokinase 300.000 unit. and injected at a speed of 15gtt per minute. 3. Results and Conclusions 1) The level of ambulation has been improved from 42.9% when admitted to 73.2% when discharged in the degree of recovery. The level of severe function disorder has been remarkably decreased from 55.4% when admitted to 19.6% when discharged. 2) The treatment effect on the basis of therapeutic response of clinical and subjective symptom shows as follows: 7.1% Excellent. 35.7% Good. 37.5% Effective. 10.7% Stationary. and 8.9% Aggravated. The total recovery above effective shows 80.3%. Judging from the above results I think it proper to develop the model of better preventing and treating ischemic stroke through effective therapeutic and clinical studies of integrated oriental and western medicine.