• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2003

A computer program has been developed for the optimum design of prestressed concrete beams under flexure. Optimum values of prestressing force, tendon configuration, and cross-sectional dimensions are determined subject to constraints on the design variables and stresses. 28 constraints have been used including flexural stresses, cover requirement, the aspect ratios for top and bottom flanges and web part of a beam and ultimate moment. The objective function contains cost of concrete, prestressing force and formwork. Using this function, it is possible to obtain minimum cost design, minimum weight or cross-sectional area of concrete design and minimum prestressing force design. Besides the idealized I-shaped cross-section, which is widely used in literature, a general I-shaped cross-section with eight geometrical design variables are used here. Four examples, one of which is available in the literature and the others are modified form of it, have been solved for minimum cost and minimum cross-sectional area designs and the results are compared. The computer program, which employs modified grid search optimization method, can assist a designer in producing efficient designs rapidly and easily. Considerable savings in computational work are thus made possible.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.96-103
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• 2000

This research is a new design method, which will be presented as a basic concept for a more efficient minimum weight design of grillages, as an attempt to describe true collapse mechanism in as overall search as possible. It serves as introduction to the numerical technique of Linear Programming(LP) and Automatic Modified Direct Plastic Frame Analysis(AMDPFA). Attention is directed to both analysis and design, and emphasis is placed on the physical significance of Systematic Searching Techniques(SST) involved. In weight minimum grillages design, the parameterisation study in optimum beam configuration which was carried out over the range of beam sections for a given plastic section modulus likely to occur in structures by suing an adaptive stochastic optimisation technique, Genetic Algorithms.

• 한국CDE학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.50-60
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• 2015

Corresponding to the high consumption rate of the selfie stick for cell phone camera, the design of the product is becoming diverse. However, relatively low cost selfie stick models are not strong enough to stand the weight of the cell phone. This results into a bending of the stick or the accidental fall of the cell phone by the failure of the holding unit. As a solution to the problem, design of selfie stick that is structurally strong enough to stand the weight of the cell phone with the minimum weight for the portability is proposed in this paper.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.161-168
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• 2003

In the drift design of high-rise buildings, once the geometry and dimensions of a structure are predetermined, engineer's remaining work is determination of the member size to satisfy the strength and the stiffness requirements. For the case of highrise buildings, designs are determined by the stiffness requirements at the final stage of structural design. Thus, engineers try to find a minimum weight design with maximum lateral stiffness. However, there is no guideline for engineers on the required weight of structures per unit area to satisfy the stiffness requirements. In this study, drift design method considering weight modification factors are presented and applied to a 20-story structure. The proposed drift design method considering weight modification factors may give the guideline for engineers on the amount of structural weight to attain target displacement.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2016

파형격벽은 보강격벽에 비해 많은 장점을 갖고 있어 살물선, 정유운반선, 화학제품 운반선의 화물창 격벽으로 사용되고 있다. 살물선 파형격벽의 최적 파형을 구하기 위한 연구는 비교적 활발하게 수행되어 왔으나, 고가의 재질로 구성되어 최적설계 시 경제적 효과가 가장 클 것으로 예상되는 화학제품 운반선에 대한 연구는 거의 찾아보기 어렵다. 화학제품 운반선의 파형격벽은 크게 수직 파형격벽과 수평 파형격벽으로 구분할 수 있으며, 수평 파형격벽은 다른 선종에서는 볼 수 없는 특별한 형태의 격벽으로 30K급 실적선의 경우 전체 파형격벽의 30% 정도를 차지하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 화학제품 운반선의 수평 파형격벽에 대한 최소중량설계 방법을 개발하는 것으로, 최적화 기법으로는 진화전략 기법을 도입하여 전체 최소점을 신뢰성 있게 탐색하였고 최적의 결과를 주는 설계변수 값이더라도 현장의 작업성을 위반하면 도태되도록 하여 현장 적용성을 높였다. 또한, 유한요소법에 의한 구조해석을 통해 도출된 최적설계 결과에 대한 구조 안전성을 검증하였다. 최적화 결과에 따른 수평 파형격벽의 설계는 실적선과 비교하여 동등 수준의 구조강도를 확보하면서도 약 14%의 중량 절감 효과를 보였으며, 이에 따라 설계 및 제작 공수를 줄이는데도 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2014

To ensure durability and light weight of bridges, high-strength concrete is required for long-span deck slabs. Such a technology eventually extends the life of bridges and improves the economic efficiency. The results of this study suggests a formula for calculating the minimum thickness of long-span deck slabs built with high strength concrete. The minimum thickness is proposed based on the limit states indicated in the CEB-FIP Model Code and the Korean Highway Bridge Design Code(limit state design). The design compressive strength of concrete used for the study is 80MPa. Moreover, the required thickness for satisfying the flexural capacity and limiting deflection is estimated considering the limit state load combination. The formula for minimum thickness of deck slabs is proposed considering the ultimate limit state(ULS) and the serviceability limit state(SLS) of bridges, and by comparing the Korean Highway Bridge Design Code and similar previous studies. According to the research finding, the minimum thickness of long-span deck slab is more influenced by deflection limit than flexural capacity.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2010

We present the minimum weight optimum design of cross sectional for frame structures subject to natural frequency. The optimum design in this paper employ discrete and continuous design variables and Genetic Algorithms. In this paper, Genetic Algorithms is used in optimization process, and be used the method of Elitism and penalty parameters in order to improved fitness in the reproduction process. For 1-Bay 2-Story frame structure, in examples, continuous and discrete design variables are used, and W-section (No.1~No.64), from AISC, discrete data are used in discrete optimization. In this case, Exhaustive search are used for finding global optimum. Continuous variables are used for 1-Bay 7-Story frame structure. Two typical frame structure optimization examples are employed to demonstrate the availability of Genetic Algorithms for solving minimum weight optimum of frame structures with fundamental and multi frequency.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.804-809
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• 2001

Optimal design of a portable structure which supports impact loading is presented. The structure requires impact loading capability, stiffness and minimum weight for portability. A collapsible tripod structure with locking mechanism is suggested. Taguchi method has been used to identify the most important design variables and the initial design. Subsequent optimization yields additional weight reduction under stress and displacement constrains.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.180-187
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• 2018

Corrugated bulkhead has been adopted for cargo tank bulkheads of commercial vessels such as bulk carriers, product oil carriers and chemical tankers. It is considered that corrugated bulkhead is a preferred structural solution, compared to the flat stiffened bulkhead, due to several advantages such as lower mass, easier maintenance and smaller corrosion problems. Many researches to find the optimum shape of corrugated bulkhead have been mostly carried out for bulk carriers. Compared to corrugated bulkheads of bulk carriers, ones of chemical tankers are more complicated since they are composed of transverse and longitudinal bulkheads, and they are made of higher priced materials. The purpose of this study is the development of minimum weight design method for corrugated bulkhead of chemical tankers. Evolution strategy is applied as an optimization technique. It has been verified from many researches that evolution strategy searches global optimum point prominently by using multi-individual searching technique. Multi-individual searching methods need excessive time if they connect to 3-D finite element model for repetitive structural analyses. In order to resolve this issue, 2-D beam element connected to deck and lower stool is substituted for a corrugated structure in this study. To verify the reliability of the structural responses by idealized 2-D beam model, they have been compared with ones by 3-D finite element model. In this study, optimum design for corrugated bulkhead of 30 K chemical tanker has been carried out, and the results by developed optimum design program have been compared with design data of existing ship. It is found out that optimum design is about 9% lighter than one of existing ship.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2020

본 연구는 가상 물체의 무게감을 사용자에게 전달하여 몰입감 있는 가상현실 경험을 제공하는 컨트롤러에 관한 것이다. 무게감 전달의 수단으로 컨트롤러 내 무게 중심의 위치를 변화시키면 모멘트의 크기가 변화하는 개념을 활용하였다. 사용자가 무게차를 인지하는 무게 중심의 최소이동거리를 알아보기 위해 무게 중심의 위치를 변경할 수 있는 실험 장치를 제작하여 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 시작 자극의 위치와 무관하게 약 5cm의 무게부 거리 차에서 두 물체 간의 무게 차이를 인지하는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 이러한 실험 결과를 반영하여 모멘트 변화에 따른 무게 인지의 최소이동거리 역치 값을 찾는 실험을 수행할 것이다.