• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2009

This paper puts forward a method based on the boundary deformation for planar grid generation. Many methods start with the special properties of grid and switch to the solution of a direct optimization or a non-linear minimum cost flow. Though with high theoretical significance, it's hard to realize due to the extremely complicated computing process. This paper brings out the automatic generation of planar grid by studying the boundary deformational properties of planar grid, which leads to uniform grid and enjoys the simplicity of computation and realization.

• IE interfaces
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.179-187
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• 1997

The efficiency of material flow systems in terms of optimal network flow and minimum cost flow has always been an important design and operational goal in material handling and distribution system. In this research, an attempt was made to develop a new algorithm and the model to solve a stochastic material flow network with bidirectional and uncertain flows. A stochastic material flow network with bidirectional flows can be considered from a finite set with unknown demand probabilities of each node. This problem can be formulated as a special case of a two-stage linear programming problem which can be converted into an equivalent linear program. To find the optimal solution of proposed stochastic material flow network, some terminologies and algorithms together with theories are developed based on the partitioning and subgradient techniques. A computer program applying the proposed method was developed and was applied to various problems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.149-150
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• 2019

Recently, major public owner and general contractors in Korea are actively preparing and improving BIM manuals and guidelines to effectively apply BIM technology in construction projects. These guideline has a purpose to define the scope of the applying BIM technology to each construction phase and to explain the minimum technology guidance required for the initial stage. In situations where BIM data are to be submitted within a limited time and cost at the design stage, a BIM data preparing process should be carried out in advance to meet the BIM interoperability between the pre and post of construction precess. In this research, we propose the scope of the BIM guidelines to meet and to be considered for the BIM based review of constructability and economic evaluation of Apartment.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.323-325
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• 1996

The design of Intelligent Energy Saving Power System Controller (IESPSC) for Telecom DC power plants is proposed and presented in this paper. From the past experience. rectifiers for Telecom DC power plants have been operated inefficiently at light loads. IESPSC offers "novel load sharing" approach based on the knowledge of each unit's efficiency of paralleled rectifiers. Neural networks is used for identifying each rectifier's efficiency characteristic curve corresponding to load currents, which is in turn utilized to produce a system efficiency close to the maximum under all operating conditions. In addition, by limiting the number of operating units to the minimum while maintaining high efficiency at the determined loads, a drastic savings in operating cost can be achieved.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2003

The fundamental design issues that arise in the pickup and delivery system planning are optimizing the system with minimum cost and maximum throughput and service level. This study is concerned with the development of pickup and delivery system with customer responsive service level, DCM(Demand Chain Management). The distribution process and service map are consisted of manufacturing, warehousing, and pickup and delivery. First we formulated the vehicle pickup and delivery problem using GIS-VRP method so as to satisfy the customer service requests. Second, we developed a GUI-type computer program using AVL, automated vehicle location system. The computational results show that the proposed method is very effective on a set of test problems.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.674-680
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• 2023

The brine and seawater are important and largely untapped sources of critical trace metals and elements. The coupling of selective recovery of trace metals from seawater/brine with desalination plants gives an added advantage of energy credits to desalination plants and as well as reduce the cost of desalinated water. In this paper, status review on recovery of important trace metals and other alkali metals from seawater is presented. The potential of Indian desalination plants for recovery of trace metals, based on recovery ratio of 0.35 is also highlighted. Studies carried out by the process based on adsorption using Radiation Induced Grafted (RIG) polymeric adsorbents and then fractional elutions are presented. The fouling factors due to bio fouling and dirt fouling have been estimated for various locations of interest through field trails. The pay loader in the form of compact Contactor Assembly with minimum pressure drop, for loading specially designed radiation grafted sorbent in leaflet form has been briefed, as required for plant scale facility. The typical conceptual process design details of farm assembly of project CRUDE are described.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.39-46
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• 2010

In 2007, Iowa department of transportation (DOT) initiated to run the falling weight deflectometer (FWD) network-level testing along Iowa highway and road systems and to build a comprehensive database of deflection data and subsequent structural analysis, which are used for detecting pavement structure failure, estimating expected life, and calculating overlay requirements over a desired design life. Iowa's current FWD networklevel testing protocol requires that pavements are tested at three-drop level with 8-deflection basin collected at each drop level. The test point is determined by the length of the tested pavement section. However, the current FWD network-level program could cover about 20% of Iowa's highway and road systems annually. Therefore, the current FWD network-level test protocol should be simplified to test more than 20% of Iowa's highway and road systems for the network-level test annually. The main objective of this research is to investigate if the minimum number of drop levels and test points could be reduced to increase the testing production rate and reduce the cost of testing and traffic control without sacrificing the quality of the FWD data. Based upon the limited FWD network-level test data of eighty-three composite pavement sections, there was no significant difference between the mean values of three different response parameters when the number of drop levels and test points were reduced from the current FWD network-level testing protocol. As a result, the production rate of FWD tests would increase and the cost of testing and traffic control would be decreased without sacrificing the quality of the FWD data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.919-930
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• 2011

National highway is one of the social infrastructures that continue to be managed in order to serve their full functions. The national highway has been managed by the Pavement Management System (PMS) until now. The PMS manages the highway as a way of facility maintenance and maximizes the service life of the highway with minimum cost. The cost is evaluated mainly with a facility manager's perspective based on engineering judgment. People's needs of quality of life have been increased as their income level is rising and naturally the opinion of citizen as a taxpayer plays an important role in determining national policy. Therefore, the contentment of a user's perspective was the starting point of addressing these needs. The Level of Service began to be used as a measure for the evaluation of the user's perspective. In this thesis we would like to design an application and a data architecture for a pavement asset management system and to show how it meets the requirements of KTAM-40 Systems.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.737-755
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• 2016

The load transfer depth of a ground anchor is the minimum length required to transfer the initial prestressing to the grout column through the bonded part. A thorough understanding of the mechanism of load transfer as well as accurate prediction of the load transfer depth are essential for designing an anchorage that has an adequate factor of safety and satisfies implicit economic criteria. In the current research, experimental and numerical studies were conducted to investigate the load transfer mechanism of ground anchors based on a series of laboratory and field load tests. Optical FBG sensors embedded in the central king cable of a seven-wire strand were successfully employed to monitor the changes in tensile force and its distribution along the tendons. Moreover, results from laboratory and in-situ pullout tests were compared with those from equivalent case studies simulated using the finite difference method in the FLAC 3D program. All the results obtained from the two proposed methods were remarkably consistent with respect to the load increments. They were similar not only in trend but also in magnitude and showed more consistency at higher pullout loading stages, especially the final loading stage. Furthermore, the estimated load transfer depth demonstrated a pronounced dependency on the surrounding ground condition, being shorter in hard ground conditions and longer in weaker ones. Finally, considering the safety factor and cost-effective design, the required bonded length of a ground anchor was formulated in terms of the load transfer depth.

• Architectural research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Structural ageing influences the structural performance in a negative way by reducing the seismic resilience of the structure which makes it a major concern around the world. Retrofitting is considered to be a pragmatic and feasible solution to address this issue. Numerous retrofitting techniques are devised by researchers over the years. The viability of using steel bracings as retrofitting component is evaluated on a G+30 storied building model designed according to ACI318-14 and ASCE 7-16. Four different types of steel bracing arrangements (V, Inverted V/ Chevron, Cross/ X, Diagonal) are assessed in the model developed in commercial nu-merical analysis software while considering both material and geometric nonlinearities. Reducing displacement and cost in the structures indicates that the design is safe and economical. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to find the best bracing system that causes minimum displacement, which indicates maximum lateral stiffness. To evaluate the seismic vulnerability of each system, incremental dynamic analysis was conducted to develop fragility curves, followed by the formation of collapse margin ratio (CMR) as stipulated in FEMA P695 and finally, a cost estimation was made for each system. The outcomes revealed that the effects of ge-ometric nonlinearity tend to evoke hazardous consequences if not considered in the structural design. Probabilistic seismic and economic probes indicated the superior performance of V braced frame system and its competency to be a germane technique for retrofitting.