• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.428-440
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• 2023

Global meat consumption is increasing worldwide, however, supply remains lacking. Several alternative protein sources, such as cultured meat, plant-based protein production, and edible insects, have been proposed to overcome this shortage. Interestingly, edible insects are characterized by superior digestive and absorptive qualities that make them the ideal replacement for traditional protein production. This study aims to further the processing ability of insect protein by investigating the effects of various pre-treatment methods, such as blanching (HB), roasting (HR), and superheated steam (HS), on the nutritional properties and physicochemical characteristics of proteins extracted from Hermetia illucens larvae. The drying rate, pH value, color analysis, amino and fatty acid profile, as well as bulk density, shear force, and rehydration ratios of the above pre-treatment methods, were explored. HS was found to have the highest drying rate and pH value analysis showed that HB and HS samples have significantly higher values compared to the other modalities. Raw edible insects had the highest value in the sum of essential amino acid (EAA) and EAA index when compared to EAAs. HB and HS showed significantly lower bulk density results, and HS showed the highest shear force and the highest value in rehydration ratio, regardless of immersion time. Therefore, taking the above results together, it was found that blanching and superheated steam blanching pre-treatment were the most effective methods to improve the processing properties of H. illucens after hot-air drying.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.83-95
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• 2006

1. Objectives and Methods The purpose of this study was to objectify the diagnosis of Sasang constitution. It analyzed the adult male and female voices into 23factors using PSSC-2004. The study was conducted by subjects inputting 2.5-3 sec of [a] in 586 men and women's voices to PSSC-2004. The statistical analyses are applied to three groups: total group, male group, female group. The group with a total of 586 was composed of 155 Soyangin, 230 Taeumin and 201 Soeumin. The male group was composed with 61 Soyangin, 127 Taeumin and 87 Soeumin. The female group was composed with 94 Soyangin, 103 Taeumin and 114 Soeumin. Taeyangin were excluded for a more accurate statistical analysis. 2. Results (I) In total group, Taeumin's peak sum was significantly high compared with the others(P=0.021). It was significant for distinction between Taeumin and Soyangin at the result of post mortem. (2) In total group, the Soyangin's rank6, rank7 and rank8 were significantly high compared with the others (P=0.050)(0.043)(0.034). (3) In total group, the Soyangin's rank9 was significantly high compared with the others(P=0.025). It was significant for distinction between Taeumin and Soyangin at the result of post mortem. (4) In male group, the Soyangin's code3 was significantly high compared with the others(P=0.050). (5) In male group, the Soyangin's code1 was significantly low compared with the others(P=0.004). It was significant for distinction between Taeumin and Soyangin at the result of post mortem. (6) In male group, the Soyangin's rank1, rank2, rank3 and rank4 were significantly high compared with the others(P=0.017)(0.008) (0.005)(0.002). They were significant for distinction between Taeumin and Soyangin at the result of post mortem. (7) In female group, the Taeumin's code1 was significantly low compared with the others(P=0.016). It was significant for distinction between Taeumin and Soeumin at the result of post mortem. 3. Conclusion From above result, there is the possibility of efficiency standard gide for constitutional diagnosis by analyzation of the voices.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.364-374
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• 2013

The major ten odorous compounds have been analyzed from four swine facilities in Jeju Island, in order to investigate the emission characteristics and odor contribution by different ventilation systems and manure treating types. From the study, the concentrations of $NH_3$ and TMA were high at the enclosed ventilation and scraper type facilities in winter season, and the sulfur compounds ($H_2S$, $CH_3SH$, DMS, DMDS) as well as volatile fatty acids (PA, n-BA, n-VA, iso-VA) showed high concentrations at the enclosed ventilation type facilities during winter season. The concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur compounds were high at slurry manure treat facilities. However, the volatile fatty acids (VFA) were relatively high in the scraper type swine facilities. The odor quotients of n-BA were high at four swine facilities, therefore the volatile fatty might be considered as the major odor causing compounds. Moreover the sum of odor quotient (SOQ) was high at the enclosed ventilation and scraper type facilities, and the odor contributions by volatile fatty acids were high in all swine facilities.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.171-179
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• 2013

The thermodynamic characteristics of a combined cycle applied with a topping cycle such as a trilateral cycle at relatively high temperatures and a bottoming cycle such as an organic Rankine cycle at relatively low temperatures have been theoretically investigated. This is an electric generation system used to recover the waste heat of the exhaust gas from a diesel engine used for the propulsion of a large ship. As a result, when the boundary temperature between the topping and the bottoming cycles increased, the system efficiencies of energy and exergy were simultaneously maximized because the total exergy destruction rate (${\sum}\dot{E}_d$) and exergy loss ($\dot{E}_{out2}$) decreased, respectively. In the case of a marine diesel engine, the waste heat recovery electric generation system can be utilized for additional propulsion power, and the propulsion efficiency was found to be improved by an average of 9.17 % according to the engine load variation, as compared to the case with only the base engine. In this case, the specific fuel consumption and specific $CO_2$ emission of the diesel engine were reduced by an average of 8.4% and 8.37%, respectively.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.237-243
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• 2018

The surface chemistry of WCK-AC, WCN-AC and WCZ-AC which are activated carbons prepared from waste citrus peel using KOH, NaOH, and $ZnCl_2$ as activating chemicals were investigated. Also the relationships between the adsorption capacities of the target gases such as acetone, benzene and methyl mercaptan (MM) by the prepared activated carbons and the pore characteristics of each activated carbon were examined. According to XPS analysis of the prepared activated carbons, graphite and phenolic were the main surface functional groups of C1, and the sum of phenol, carbonyl and carboxyl groups increased in the order of WCK-AC > WCN-AC > WCZ-AC. The breakthrough curves obtained from the adsorption experiments for the three target gases in the fixed bed adsorption reactor were well simulated by the empirical equations proposed by Yoon and Nelson. The adsorption capacity for acetone, benzene and MM was larger for activated carbons with the larger sum of surface functional groups. The larger the specific surface area and the pore volume of activated carbons and the smaller the pore size, the better the adsorption performance. In particular, the specific surface area was the best criterion for the adsorption performance of activated carbons used in this study.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.211-216
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• 2010

On 7 December 2007, about 12,547 kL of crude oil spilled from the Hong Kong registered tanker Hebei Spirit along the west coast of the Republic of Korea, including Taean-gun, Chungcheongnamdo Province. This study evaluated the safety of seafood collected from the coastal area polluted by the crude oil. The range of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (${\sum}PAHs$) at 22 stations was 3.9-37.1 ng/g. The concentration of ${\sum}PAHs$ was higher in oysters, Crassoatrea gias, than that in short-necked clams, Ruditapes philippinarum. Benzo(a)pyrene, a highly toxic PAH, ranged from 0.07-1.47 ng/g, which did not exceed the European Union regulatory limit for benzo(a)pyrene. The toxicity equivalent of benzo(a)pyrene in oysters and short-necked clams was 0.49-1.70 and 0.09-1.01 ng/g, respectively. The estimated life time cancer risk was very low, i.e., $1.31{\times}10^{-8}$ for the oysters and $6.9{\times}10^{-9}$ for the short-necked clams. The body burden of PAHs in bivalves originated mostly from petroleum contamination, but the levels was not sufficiently high to harm human health.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.39-54
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• 2018

Purpose - To success, in spite of deficient resources, a start-up company has to check various circumstances. Many researchers proposed different appraisal methods for technology commercialization. But everybody agrees Merrifield is the first one, who is a pioneer of an appraisal model of technology commercialization. After he proposed it, many researchers and field workers developed a more complicated model, which called a BMO model. In this research, considering the circumstances of start-ups that lack available resources, it proposes a new appraisal method for technology commercialization, which is named a weighted-BMO model. Research design, data, and methology - For the new BMO-model, it studied the preceding studies. And it found that the success factors for start-ups were correlated with technology commercialization. After comparing the success factors for technology commercialization of start-ups with BMO appraisal factor, it withdraws the net BMO appraisal model: which we are calling the weighted-BMO model. Results - This study found a few things. First, actually, the BMO appraisal factors related with the success factors of technology commercialization. Second, the weighted-BMO model, which included the entrepreneur ability factor, was more accurately estimated the success of technology-based start-ups than the BMO model. Third, it overcame the weakness of the BMO-model, which did not include quantitative factors. In addition to evaluating the feasibility of the BMO model, we also presented a strategy for the future direction. But, still, it included a few shortcomings, which we are calling the arbitrage of weighted value. Sometimes, the intentional weighted value can deliberate the different valuation. Conclusitons - Due to this study, the weighted-BMO model included appraisal factors related with the success factors of technology commercialization and the entrepreneur ability factor, and quantitative factors. When evaluating the combined score of the existing Merrified BMO components, 35 points of the first pass criterion accounted for 29.17% of the total score, and 80 points of the merit score of the second rank criterion were 66.67% Considering that the weighted sum is taken into account, the baseline score of the weighted summing method for each component of the modified BMO model is 2.92 points, which is 29.17% of the weighted sum total of 10 points. The evaluation score was 6.67 points, 66.67% of the weighted total score of 10 points.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.108-115
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a novel true-motion estimation technique supporting efficient frame error concealment for error-resilient video coding. In general, it is important to accurately obtain the true-motion of objects in video sequences for effectively recovering the corrupted frame due to transmission errors. However, the conventional motion estimation (ME) technique, which minimizes a sum of absolute different (SAD) between pixels of the current block and the motion-compensated block, does not always reflect the true-movement of objects. To solve this problem, we introduce a new metric called an absolute difference of motion vectors (ADMV) which is the distance between motion vectors of the current block and its motion-compensated block. The proposed ME method can prevent unreliable motion vectors by minimizing the weighted combination of SAD and ADMV. In addition, the proposed ME method can significantly improve the performance of error concealment at the decoder since error concealment using the ADMV can effectively recover the missing motion vector without any information of the lost frame. Experimental results show that the proposed method provides similar coding efficiency to the conventional ME method and outperforms the existing error-resilient method.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1051-1055
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• 2007

The diagnosis of pattern identification in Korean Medicine depend on Korean Medicine doctor's experience and information. So, Pattern identification in Korean Medicine raise a question of objectification. This study is to standard stroke pattern identification in Korean Medicine. Weight of symptoms was given important(1points), very important(2points) by stroke specialist. So weight of symptoms is used two method. One is total sum and the other is total man. One had been compared Pattern identification between diagnosed patients by medical specialists and by applicated weight in case report form. The other had been compared Pattern identification between intersubjectivity by medical specialists and by applicated weight in case report form. It is 38%(total sum) or 40%(total man) concordance rate between diagnosed patients by medical specialists and by applicated weight in case report form. It is 82.4% concordance rate between intersubjectivity by medical specialists and by applicated weight in case report form. To acquire more concrete data on this theme, we need further and large scale of prospective researches.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.134-142
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• 2003

We present an ATM switch architectures based on the multistage interconnection network(MIN) for the efficient multicast traffic control. Many of these applications require multicast connections as well as point-to-point connections. Muiticast connection in which the same message is delivered from a source to arbitrary number of destinations is fundamental in the areas such as teleconferencing, VOD(video on demand), distributed data processing, etc. In designing the multicast ATM switches to support those services, we should consider the fairness(impartiality) and priority control, in addition to the overflow problem, cell processing with large number of copies, and the blocking problem. In particular, the fairness problem which is to distribute the incoming cells to input ports smoothly is occurred when a cell with the large copy number enters upper input port. In this case, the upper input port sends before the lower input port because of the calculating method of running sum, and therefore cell arrived into lower input port Is delayed to next cycle to be sent and transmission delay time becomes longer. In this paper, we propose the cell splitting and group splitting algorithm, and also the fairness scheme on the basis of the nonblocking characteristics for issuing appropriate copy number depending on the number of Input cell in demand. We evaluate the performance of the proposed schemes in terms of the throughput, cell loss rate and cell delay.