• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2017

The key quality attributes of the pressed powder, one of base makeup products, are skin-affinity and spreadability. In general, there was a limit to meet skin-affinity and spreadability simultaneously, which are opposite attributes each other. In this study, air jet mill process was tried to satisfy two main properties. Skin-affinity was improved by a wet coating of sericite with a mixture of lauroyl lysine (LL) and sodium cocoyl glutamate (SCG). The application of mono-dispersed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and diphenyl dimethicone/vinyl diphenyl dimethicone/silsesquioxane crosspolymer (DDVDDSC) improved both qualities. Air jet mill process has been mainly applied in the pharmaceutical and food industries, and is a method used for processing powder materials in cosmetic field. In this study, we were able to complete makeup cosmetics with an optimum particle size $6.8{\mu}m$ by combining the air jet mill process at the manufacturing stage. It was confirmed that the Ti element was uniformly distributed throughout the cosmetics by EDS mapping, and that the corners of the tabular grains were rounded by SEM analysis. It is considered that this can provide an effect of improving the spreadability when the cosmetic is applied to the skin by using a makeup tool. LL with excellent skin compatibility and SCG derived from coconut with little skin irritation were wet coated to further enhance the adhesion of sericite. SEM images were analyzed to evaluate effect of the dispersion and uniformity of PMMA on spreadability. With the spherical shapes of similar size, it was found that the spreading effect was further increased when the distribution was homogeneously mono-dispersed. The dispersion and spreadability of PMMA were confirmed by measuring the kinetic friction and optimal content was determined. The silicone rubber powder, DDVDDSC, was confirmed by evaluating the hardness, spreading value, and drop test. Finally, it was found that the dispersion of PMMA and silicone rubber powder affected spreadability. Such makeup cosmetics have excellent stability in drop test while having appropriate hardness, and good stability over time. Taken together, it is concluded that air jet mill process can be utilized as a method to improve skin-affinity and spreadability of the pressed powder.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2019.10a
• /
• pp.25-25
• /
• 2019

Chromosome numbers and karyotypes in flowering plants have been considered to be prominent features in taxonomic and evolutionary context. Despite the increasing numbers of cytological studies in Asteraceae, karyotype analysis of Cirsium Mill. and Carddus L. in Korean population have not been performed carefully. In this study, the chromosome numbers and karyotype analysis of all eight species of the genus Cirsium Mill. and one species of Carddus L. were analyzed. While the chromosome number in Carduus crispus L. was diploid (2n = 2x = 18 or 18+2Bs) with x = 9 as the base chromosome number, all seven species of Cirsium were diploid with x = 17 except for Cirsium lineare (Thunb.) Sch. Bip. (x = 14). The chromosome number in C. pendulum Fisch. ex DC. presented 2n = 2x = 34 from two populations and C. lineare exhibited 2n = 2x = 28 from one population. Aneuploidy was occasionally found in C. japonicum Fisch. ex DC. var. spinossinum Kitam. (2n = 2x = 34, 35, 36), C. rhinoceros (H. $L{\acute{e}}v.$ & Vaniot) Nakai (2n = 2x = 32, 34), C. setidens (Dunn) Nakai (2n = 2x = 30, 31, 32) and C. vlassovianum Fisch. ex DC. (2n = 2x = 31, 32). While Cirsium japonicum Fisch. ex DC. var. japonicum possessed several B-chromosomes (2n = 2x = 34, 35, 36), polyploidy was only encountered in Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino. (2n = 4x = 68) from two populations in Ulleung Island. The present cytological data might be contributed to the taxonomic and evolutionary studies in the genus Cirsium.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.312-319
• /
• 1994

Recently, with the rapid development in the industries such as an iron mill and chemical plants, there is enlarged by the use of the piping. Sepecially, the piping connected with a fluid, if it is increase the speed of running fluid, ought to generate cavitation phenomenon with unbalanced pressure. So, the cavitation phenomenon cause serious damage of the piping, because it generate erosion and corrosion in the piping. In this study, the steel pipe piping water (SPPW) and SPPW on weldment were tested by using of cavitation-erosion test apparatus with nozzle and were investigated under the marine environment of liquid. (specific resistance : 25 $Omega$. cm) The main results obtained are as follows : 1) The total weight loss and weight loss rate of affected zone of weldment by corrosion-erosion in the sea water are more increased than that of base metal. 2) The electrode potential by corrosion-erosion in the sea water becomes less noble than that of base metal, and current density is more increased. 3) As time goes by, the total weight loss and weight loss rate by cavitation erosion-corrosion in air-liquid 2 phase flow become more increased then those in only liquid solution. but these values turn to be decreased.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2012

For the purpose of developing liner board for water-resistant corrugated board in the cold chain system, several types of base paper for corrugated board were purchased from the market and 6 different boards were produced in the paperboard mill by applying the chemicals on the base paper. Then, water-moisture resistant performance and physical properties of the boards were compared each other. The liner board which is dried at high temperature with pressure by Condebelt papermaking system(CK paper) showed a superior performance in strength over common liner boards. Strength of the board increased by surface chemical treatment up to 60% of compressive strength and 30% of bursting strength. Starch insolubilization with Ammonium-Zirconium Carbonate(AZC) and surface coating with a surface size and a moisture resistant chemical on CK paper showed the best result. Therefore, this method was recommended to produce the outer liner board for water -resistant corrugated board.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.163-172
• /
• 1989

Nerium indicum has adaxial colleters on each petiole, bract, bracteole, calyx and corolla. The colleters are finger-shaped sometimes lobed structures with tall heads on short stalks. The petiolar colleters are more abundant than those on the bract, bracteole, calyx and corolla but their structure is similar. Meristematic activity in a small group of protodermal and hypodermal cells at the base of the developing leaf gives rise to the colleter that further differentiates by frequent anticlinal and periclinal divisions. Many of the colleters are vascullarized, sometimes a layer of redially elongated cells is present beneath the epithelial cells. Senescence of a colleter begins when the leaves have either completed their growth or are still expanding. In senescent colleters, the central cell cytoplasm and nuclei are considerably reduced. Thin layer chromatography of the freshly harvested exudate of colleter shows the presence of rhamnose, glucose and arabinose sugars.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
• /
• no.71
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 2006

New methods of nano sized material and composite coating preparations have been considered on the base of mathematical model of abrasion reaction interaction of milling and grinding bodies in planetary centrifugal mill. The essence of the method is the abrasive and oxidative wear of the milling bodies and amorphous (better inert) additives. Interactions between them has been supplied the necessary impulse of pressure and temperature on the impact frictional contacts and promoted chemical processes. The offered method can find application for such processing as sintering and geological minerals opening.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.109-112
• /
• 1998

Aloe in vitro culture was attempted to induce callus and regeneration ability from different explant sources onto MS medium with 0.5mg/l NAA plus 1.0mg/l BA. Anthers that no developed any callus and plant regeneration, while only four out of 274 filament explants induced calli at cut edge without regenerated plants. Twenty ovary explants regenerated four direct plantlets without via callus from the base of epidermal tissues. Regenerated plants on the root tip gave 2n=14 of chromosome numbers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.194-201
• /
• 1997

Recently with the rapid development in the industries such as an iron mill and chemical plants, these are enlarged by the use of the piping. This piping was encountered the stress corrosion cracking(SCC) because of stress by water pressure and residual stress of welding etc. under industrial water. In this paper, the behaviour of stress corrosion cracking on the weld zone of steel pipe piping water(SPPW) were investigated according to pre-heat before welding in natural seawater(specific resistance : 25$\Omega$-cm). The main results obtained are as follows :1) The stress corrosion cracking for SPPW and SB 41 is most ready to propagate in heat affected zone of weldment. 2) The SCC sensitivity of SPPW on weldment is more susceptible than that of SB 41. 3) The stress corrosion cracking growth of heat affected zone is delayed by the preheat and dry of base metal and electrode before welding.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.148-150
• /
• 1994

Anthracnose of statice (Limonium sp. var. Misty Blue and L. sinuatum Mill. cv. Early Blue) occurred up to 20% in vinyl-houses at Buan, Imsil and Namwon from July to November, 1993. All isolates from the anthracnose symptoms were identified as Glomerella cingulata (Stonem.) Spauld. & Schrenk and its anamorph was Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Pens.) Sacc. Pathogenicity of the isolates was ascertained on the statice host by artificial inoculation. The symptoms on leaves appeared as circular brown spots in early stage and developed to zonate spots. The spot aggregated and diseased leaves were blighted. The symptom also developed on the stems of severely infected plants and the infected branches were blighted. A lots of acervuli developed on the lesions of stems. Acervuli on necrotic lesions were setose, rounded and elongated. Setae variable in length, 1~4 septate, brown, slightly swollen at the base and tapered to the apex on which conidia were occasionally borned. Statice was revealed as the new host of G. cingulata.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.69-73
• /
• 1998

A drum type magnetic separator was designed and optimized by computer simulation. The separator consisted of rotating outer shell of drum, magnetic flux generator drum which was assembled with numbers of disk type magnet holders, and drum axis around which the magnet holders were fixed. NdFeB magnet blocks were inserted into the disks, and the disks were assembled layer by layer along the drum axis. Magnetic circuits of the separator were simulated on the basis of highest magnetic strength, least cost, and high yield of separation by using a Vector Field S/W employing the Opera-2D program. The separator proved a separation yield of 95% in removing fine iron-base particles, and installed at Hot Rolling Mill of Pohang Iron & Steel Co. In Korea.