• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.742-755
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• 2016

Pupose. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between metabolic syndrome and glaucoma in a middle-aged men over the age of 40's by using the data from the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2010~2012). Methods. The subjects for the analysis were comprised of 410 patients who were at least 40 years or more with metabolic syndrome and glaucoma. The comparison between the metabolic syndrome and glaucoma according to the health demographic characteristics, health behavior and health conditions was analyzed with ${\chi}^2$-test. The complex samples logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio of glaucoma according to the health demographic characteristics, health behavior and health conditions and the combination of the comprising factors of the metabolic syndrome. Results. The prevalence of glaucoma among the subjects with metabolic syndrome and glaucoma was significantly higher in the case of females, as their age increased, educational level decreased, income level decreased, who are non-smokers, non-drinkers, with exercising habits of less than 3 days a week (p<0.001). However, the glaucoma OR was significantly high in case of increasing age, with exercising habits of less than 3 days a week, and hypertension (p<0.01), while the OR was significantly low in case of the drinking group (p<0.05). The results of analyzing the odds ratio for the occurrence of glaucoma with the components of metabolic syndrome showed that the OR for glaucoma is significantly low (OR 0.63) in case of concurrently high fasting blood glucose, high triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol levels (p=0.05). Conclusions. Therefore the thorough management of metabolic syndrome and components is needed to prevent glaucoma.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.346-356
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• 2018

좌식 생활 및 신체활동의 부족에서 발생하는 과체중 및 복부비만은 요추 신전근의 약화 및 위축으로 인하여 요부통증(Low back Pain, LBP)의 위험요인으로 추정된다. 그러므로 이 연구는 LBP를 소유하고 있는 복부비만 중년남성(n=80)에게 체중감량에 효과가 있는 고강도서키트트레이닝(High Intensity Circuit Training, HICT)을 적용했을 때 신체조성의 변화가 척추만곡도(Spine Curvature, SC) 및 시각적통증척도(Visual Analog Scale, VAS)에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고자 한다. 운동 프로그램으로는 체간 중심의 운동을 포함한 전신의 근육을 동원할 수 있는 다관절 형태의 12가지 종목으로 구성된 HICT(1회 운동 30분, 격일제 주당 3회)를 12주간 적용하였다. 그 결과, 비만관련 신체조성에서 긍정적인 변화가 관찰되었으며, 흉추후만도(Kypotic Angle, KA) 및 요추전만도(Lordotic Angle, LA)가 정상치에 가깝게 이동하였다. 이것은 궁극적으로 요부통증의 척도인 VAS의 지표가 낮아지는 결과를 보여 주었다. 결국, 복부비만에 의한 비정상적인 흉추후만도, 요추전만도 및 요부통증의 개선은 본 연구에서 적용된 고강도의 운동트레이닝에 의한 신체조성의 변화가 척추만곡도와 요부통증의 개선을 유도하는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.83-111
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• 2002

이 연구는 우리 사회에서 중년층의 노부모 부양관이 세대간 지원관계와 자신의 노후 부양관에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 있다 이를 통해 세대관계 연구에서 흔히 사용되는 교환이론적 접근을 우리 사회에 적용하는 것이 타당한가를 검증한다. 이 연구는 전국의 중년층을 대상으로 수집한 김두섭 외(2000) 의 자료를 활용하였다. 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노부모에게 지원을 제공하고 있거나 상호적 관계에 있는 중년층에 서 전통적 노부모 부양관이 강하게 나타난다. 이는 교환이론의 설명에 바탕을 둔 기존 연구들의 설명과는 일치하지 않는 결과이며, 우리 사회의 세대관계 분석에서 효규범을 고려하여야 함을 의미한다. 이 연구에서는 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 노부모 부양이 단일세대에 한정되어지는 교환적 관계의 설명이 아니라, 효규범의 영향력에 의해서 자녀의 지원이 세대를 넘어 이어지는 연결적 보상체계라는 새로운 설명모형을 제시하였다. 둘째, 중년층 자신의 노후 부양관에 환한 분석에서는 세대관계 유형이나 자신의 노부모 부양관과 무관하게 절대 다수의 중년층이 자신의 노후책임이 자신에게 있다고 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 우리사회 중년층이 자신은 노부모 부양의 경험이 있고, 전통적인 노부모 부양관을 가지고 있다고 하더라도 자신의 노후에는 자녀의 부양을 기대하지 못하는 중간자적 위치에 있음을 시사한다. 이 연구는 우리 사회의 세대관계를 설명하기 위하여 교환이론의 설명과는 다른 대안적 설명틀을 제시하면서, 중년층의 현실을 실증적으로 보여주었다는 데 의의가 있다

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2008

This study aims to classify lower trunk body types of Chinese men in their middle age (30s and 40s) and suggest the standard for them to design slacks pattern. Mollison's relation deviations were used to analyze the direct measurement items in this research compared to those of Size Korea 2004. Though Korean middle-aged men were higher in most items than Chinese counterparts, all items except mid-thigh circumference and side hip length were merely within the range of ${\pm}1\sigma$. According to the results of size classification by absolute values, factor analysis extracted to 2 factors(horizontal size of lower body and vertical size of lower body), and cluster analysis brought about 3 types(type1: tall and thin trunk (36.9%), type 2 : normal height and thick trunk(45.5%), and type 3 : short and normal trunk(17.6%) with some significant differences among them. Also, the results of shape classification by index values, they were extracted 4 factors (waist-hip flatness, waist-hip cross section, vertical waist-groin and hip-surface length) by factor analysis and revealed 3 types(type 1: different waist-hip width, thick, long waist, long upper hip, and short hip-surface length(27.8%), type 2 : different waist-hip width, flat, short upper hip, high hip and groin, and average hip-surface length(29.4%), and type 3: small waist-hip width, thick, average upper hip, and short hip-surface length (42.8%)) with significant differences among them by cluster analysis. The results of standard body types by shape-size combination, 19subjects(10.16%) under these values are regarded as standard body types. Significance was not seen in all items in the t-test results between the total group and the standard group. The latter had lower variation coefficients and smaller individual differences than the former. However, in-depth research is required for generalization since this research is limited to a small number of subjects in Ningbo of Zhejiang.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2005

This study was conducted to understand the current leisure activities and needs for future activities among middle-aged men and women. A questionnaire survey was conducted with participants in their forties and fifties of age, who were residing in a large city.'rho survey consisted of questions on current leisure activities, leisure satisfaction, and needs for future activities. Frequency, percentage, average, consisted and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. The results of this study are as following; First, leisure activities are necessary to enhance the quality of life in terms of spiritual and psychological stability and physical health. Second, the participants are generally not satisfied with their current leisure situations, because of insufficient leisure time, high cost, and shortage of facilities and programs. Third, current leisure behaviors of the participants are restrictive and passive. However, they show a desire to engage in diverse forms of leisure including active and participant leisure activities in the future. Fourth, they wish to perform active and participant leisure activities (for example, indoor sports, continuing education, and taking walks) at places that are close to their residence in the future.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence rate, surgery tendency, and risk factors of cataracts among the elderly in Korea. The subjects were 40-95 years old men and women using the National Health Services' surgical statistics. Among the 33 major surgeries, which increased by 1.1% per year for the last 20years (1.6 million), the most operated surgery in 2020 was cataract surgery (454,000), the number of which was 858.8 per 100,000 people. Among the surgical patients, cataract patients (7.9% increased) was the third largest among the top (2016-2020) constantly with annually 2.2% increasing for 20 years (19.95 million). The medical expenses of major surgeries (excluding non-benefit) increased by an average rate of 9.3% per year over the 20 years (7,204 billion won) out of a total medical expenses of 7.2 trillion won, and the cataract surgery (813.2 billion won) was the second largest among the medical expenses in 2020 (top 3). This study showed that there was a high correlation between cataract and smoking, low income, and low-educated, whereas being no concentration of cataract patient in tertiary hospitals.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.513-525
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• 1999

Objectives : High-normal blood pressure' is a factor influencing decision to initiate targeted intensive intervention strategy in westernized populations. JNC-VI offered the vigorous lifestyle modification for persons with 'high-normal blood pressure', who could be early detected. As a hypertension seems to be the result of multiple genetic factors operating in concert with associated environmental factors, it will be necessary to identify the high-normal blood pressure as a risk factor of hypertension for applying primary prevention strategy in Korean people. Methods : Although cohort study design might be adequate to recruit incidence cases, to keep time sequence of events, and to prevent information bias, nested case-control study was chosen for avoiding measurement errors because hypertension is a benign disease. Source population was the 'Seoul Cohort' participants and follow-up was done by using Korea Medical Insurance Corporation's database on the utilization of health services from 1 Jan93 to 30Jun97. Incidence cases were ascertained through the chart review, telephone contacts, and direct blood pressure measurements. Controls included the pairing of 4 individuals to each case on the basis of age. Results : As 75% of 247 incident cases had high-normal blood pressure, the crude odds ratio for hypertension was 2.04 (95% CI 1.47-2.83). Another statistically significant risk factors of hypertension were body mass index, dietary fiber, alcohol consumption, weekly activity and history of quitting smoking. The multivariate odds ratio of high-normal blood pressure adjusted for all risk factors was 1.84 (95% CI 1.31-2.56). Among high-normal blood pressure group, body mass index, weekly ethanol amounts, weekly physical activity, and dietary fiber except history of quitting smoking were still risk factors of hypertension. Conclusion : 'High-normal blood pressure' is a risk factor for hypertension in Korean middle-aged men, which represents that the vigorous lifestyle modification for persons with 'high-normal blood pressure' is need.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.73-93
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• 2021

본 연구는 신체적 매력과 호감 지각이 한국인의 세대(청년과 중년) × 평가자 성별(남과 여) × 타겟 성별(남과 여)에 따라 어떻게 다르게 나타나는지 알아보고자 했다. 또한, 평가자들이 같은 타겟을 평가할 때 평가자가 동성이 만든 타겟을 이성이 만든 타겟보다 더 신체적 매력과 호감을 높게 평가하는지도 알아보았다. 이를 위해 120명의 대학생을 참여시켜 3D 프로그램을 사용하여 이상적인 외모와 신체를 가진 타겟을 만들었다. 그다음, 또 다른 240명(청년 남녀 각 60명, 중년 남녀 각 60명)이 타겟의 신체적 매력, 호감도를 평가하였다. 분석 결과, 신체적 매력과 호감도는 정적 상관이 있었지만, 집단 간 차이의 패턴은 달랐다. 즉, 신체적 매력은 타겟의 성별과 평가자 성별에서 성차가 나타났지만 세대 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 호감도의 경우 타겟의 성별에 따른 차이와 세대 차이가 나타났지만, 평가자의 성차는 나타나지 않았다. 마지막으로 평가자들의 성별에 따라 같은 타겟에 대한 호감 지각에 차이가 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 신체적 매력에 대한 진화론적 관점과 사회문화적 관점에서 논의하였다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.934-942
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• 2011

This study was intended to analyze conventional grading increments and methods for middle-age men's pants, and to suggest new grading guidelines that will enable to improve satisfaction with size and silhouette as a result of combining the concept of grading, which help maintain the ratio and proportion by sizes as one of ready-made apparel's advantages, with body form oriented and aesthetic approaches. In the apparel industry, the current sizing specifications and methods adopted by relevant companies, as well as the characteristics of body forms of men aged 35 to 55 years were comparatively analyzed to find out problems and ultimately to suggest their solutions or improvements. It was considered that as the conventional grading practices used in the industry were customary on the basis of the past experiences, it was required to take the body forms of target consumers into account and also, to reconsider the conventional grading methods. Analyses of sizing and specifications by brands show that 4 to 19 sizes including 82 or 84 as standard size have been produced. Since men's apparel has a large number of sizes with the large range of sizes, grading is critically important. As silhouettes depend on the distribution of grading rule values at each point of increment pattern in the main regions during grading, it is necessary to consider both size grading and form variations. To maintain an appropriate silhouette with keeping the angle of center back line of a pattern, it is desirable to set the ratio of side line part to center part from the crease line to approximately 3:7. It is required to diversify the values of grading rules according to different sizes and pattern regions in consideration for the body forms of key consumers. In addition, if the natural lines of designs and patterns for the width increments of waist circumference and hip circumference, the increments of hip width in pant's front and back panels, the ratio of grading rule values of the right and left sides of crease line, knee circumference, thigh circumference and so on are taken into account, grading will be satisfactory in the all aspects of size, silhouette and ratio.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

본 연구는 일지역 중년기 성인의 심뇌혈관질환에 대한 지식, 예방에 대한 태도 및 자기효능감을 파악하고 그 관계를 확인하여 중년기 성인의 심뇌혈관질환 예방을 위한 건강증진 프로그램의 중재 전략에 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위하여 시도되었다. 연구대상자는 S시에 거주하는 40대, 50대의 중년기 성인 198명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용해 조사하였다. 자료 분석은 기술통계와 t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient로 분석하였다. 연구결과 대상자의 나이, 교육정도, 월수입에 따라 지식에 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 교육정도와 월수입에 따라 태도에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 성별에 따라 자기효능감이 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 상관관계 분석에서 심뇌혈관질환에 대한 지식과 예방에 대한 태도는 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다(t=.45, p<.001). 즉 심뇌혈관질환에 대한 지식수준이 높을수록 질환의 예방에 대해 긍정적인 태도를 갖는다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 심뇌혈관질환의 예방에 대한 긍정적인 태도를 형성할 수 있는 교육 및 중재프로그램의 개발과, 중년기 남성의 자기효능감을 높일 수 있는 동기강화 프로그램이 개발이 필요하다.