• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.441-444
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• 2004

The genetic diversities and relationships of 10 Chinese indigenous pig breeds and three exotic pig breeds have been evaluated using 26 microsatellites recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization & the International Society of Animal Genetics (FAO-ISAG). The allele frequencies, genetic heterozygosity (H) and polymorphism information content (PIC) have been calculated. The results showed that genetic diversity of Chinese indigenous pig breeds is higher than that of the introduced pig breeds. The clustering of 10 breeds is generally consistent with their geographical distribution.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.224-229
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• 2012

The Korean shiner (Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Gobioninae), a small freshwater fish native to Korea Peninsula, widely inhabits in most of the major drainages in South Korea. Here we describe the development of 14 novel and polymorphic microsatellites for this species and its effective utilization in estimation of genetic diversity using 72 individuals from three sampling sites in different drainages. Loci were isolated from a microsatellite enrichment procedure using probe-labeled magnetic beads. A total of 242 alleles were detected across all loci with an average of 17.3 alleles per locus ranging 4 32. The loci varied levels of polymorphism as evident from its expecte heterozygosity ranging from 0.111 to 0.957. The average pairwise $F_{ST}$ between two populations examined shows significant differentiation ($F_{ST}$ = 0.215, p<0.05). The 14 microsatellite loci developed here will also be useful to explain for the genetic structures among geographically isolated populations and gene flow dynamics within drainages in this species as well as the closely related species.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2004

가축의 개체식별은 일반적으로 암호화된 코드를 부여한 이표를 활용하고 있으며 또한 생체에서 친자확인 검증을 위해 개체 혈액형 등이 활용되어 왔다. 그러나 생체 상태에서의 완벽한 개체 확인을 위한 수단으로 최근 유전자감식 기법이 널리 활용되고 있다. 이때 사용되는 유전자 표지는 소의 품종에 따라 매우 다양하게 발현되어 개체 확인 정확도를 높이기 위해 한우 집단에서 대상 유전자 표지의 유전자형 발현 양상을 분석하여 최적의 표지 유전자 표지를 설정하는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 한우의 원산지 추적 및 개체식별 검증 시스템에서 절절히 사용할 수 있도록 생체 유전자 감식기법에 소요되는 유전자 표지(genetic marker)를 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. 공시재료로는 후보 유전자 표지의 광범위한 한우집단 발현특성의 분석을 위해 국가 후대검정 집단 740두를 활용하였으며 도축되기 전 단계의 생축에서 분석된 유전자형과 도축 후 유통과정에서 분석된 유전자형을 이용한 개체 확인 여부의 검증을 위해 국내 브랜드한우 농가로부터 출하된 4두를 분석에 공시하였다. 후보 유전자 표지는 염색체 1번과 14번에서 확인되어 보고된 16종의 초위성체 DNA의 염기서열 정보를 이용하였다. 한우집단에서 나타난 각각의 대상 유전자 표지의 유전자형 분석결과를 보면 대립유전자는 최소 3개에서 최대 12였으며 이형접합체 발현율은 0.022∼0.824였다. 유효대립유전자수는 각각의 대상 유전자마다 3∼7의 범위를 보였으며 이들 중 6개의 유전자 표지를 설정하여 개체 확인을 실시할 경우 100%에 가까운 정확도가 나타난 것으로 추정되었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.467-478
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• 2008

Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and interSSR (ISSR) marker systems were used in this study to reveal genetic changes induced by artificial selection for short/long larval duration in the tropical strain Nistari of the silkworm Bombyx mori. Artificial selection separated longer larval duration (LLD) ($29.428{\pm}0.723days$) and shorter larval duration (SLD) ($22.573{\pm}0.839days$) lines from a base, inbred population of Nistari (larval span of $23.143{\pm}0.35days$). SSR polymorphism was observed between the LLD and SLD lines at one microsatellite locus, Bmsat106 ($CA_7$) and at two loci of 1074 bp and 823 bp generated with the ISSR primer UBC873. Each of these loci was present only in the LLD line. The loci segregated in the third generation of selection and were fixed in opposite directions. In the $F_2$ generation of the $LLD{\times}SLD$ lines, the alleles of Bmsat106 and $UBC873_{1074bp}$ segregated in a 1:1 ratio and the loci were present only in the LLD individuals. $UBC873_{823bp}$ was homozygous. Single factor ANOVA showed a significant association between the segregating loci and longer larval duration. Together, the two alleles contributed to an 18% increase in larval duration. The nucleotide sequences of the $UBC873_{1074bp}$ and $UBC873_{823bp}$ loci had 67% A/T content and consisted of direct, reverse, complementary and palindromic repeats. The repeats appeared to be "nested" (59%) in larger repeats or as clustered elements adjacent to other repeats. Of 203 microsatellites identified, dinucleotides (67.8%) predominated and were rich in A/T and T/A motifs. The sequences of the $UBC873_{1074bp}$ and $UBC873_{823bp}$ loci showed similarity (E = 0.0) to contigs located in Scaffold 010774 and Scaffold 000139, respectively, of the B. mori genome. BLASTN analysis of the $UBC873_{1074bp}$ sequence showed significant homology of (nt.) 45-122 with upstream region of three exons from Bombyx. The complete sequence of this locus showed ~49% nucleotide conservation with transposon 412 of Drosophila melanogaster and the Ikirara insertions of Anopheles gambiae. The A + T richness and lack of coding potential of these small loci, and their absence in the SLD line, reflect the active process of genetic change associated with the switch to short larval duration as an adaptation to the tropics.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.557-566
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• 2022

The Japanese eel Anguilla japonica is a highly valued research object that is important for aquaculture in Asia, including the Republic of Korea. However, few studies have been conducted analyzing parentage using microsatellite markers derived from the Japanese eel. We acquired Japanese eel genome data using next generation sequencing technology, and constructed a draft genome comprising 1,087 Mbp. Using the Simple Sequence Repeat Identification Tool program, 444,724 microsatellites were identified. Of these, 1,842 microsatellites located in the 3' untranslated region, which are stably inherited, were finally selected. Ninety-six primers were selected to validate polymorphism at these microsatellites, and 9 primers were finally identified for multiplex analysis. Using multiplex polymerase chain reaction with three different fluorescence chemistries, we performed parentage analysis of an artificial Japanese eel population. CERVUS software was used to calculate the logarithm of the odds (LOD) scores and the confidence of the parentage assignments. The results presented here show that 83 out of 85 paternity cases were assigned at 95% confidence to a candidate father and mother with LOD scores ranging from 4.79 to 28.2. This study provided a microsatellite marker-based assay for parentage analysis of Japanese eels, which will be useful for selective breeding and genetic diversity studies.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2003년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.115.3-115
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• 2003

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1329-1333
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• 2004

To isolate the microsatellites from the chromosomal DNA of the Korean cattle (Hanwoo) and to use those for the genetic selection, four bacteriophage genomic libraries containing the chromosomal DNA of six Hanwoo steers showing the differences in meat quality and quantity were used. Screening of the genomic libraries using $^{32}P-radiolabeled 5'-({CA})_{12}-3$nucleotide as a probe, resulted in isolation of about 3,000 positive candidate bacteriophage clones that contain $(CA)_n$-type dinucleotide microsatellites. After confirming the presence of microsatellite in each positive candidate clone by Southern blot analysis, the DNA fragments that include microsatellite and flanking sequences possessing less than 2 kb in size, were subcloned into plasmid vector. Results from the analysis of microsatellite length polymorphism, using twenty-two PCR primers designed from flanking region of each microsatellite DNA, demonstrated that 208 and 210 alleles of HW-YU-MS#3 were closely related to the economic traits such as marbling score, daily gain, backfat thickness and M. longissimus dorsi area in Hanwoo. Interestingly, HW-YU-MS#3 microsatellite was localized in bovine chromosome 17 on which QTLs related to regulation of the body fat content and muscle ypertrophy locus are previously known to exist. Taken together, the results from the present study suggest the possible use of the two alleles as a DNA marker related to economic trait to select the Hanwoo in the future.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2014

북방전복 선발육종에 필요한 친자확인 및 가계분석을 효율적으로 실험하기 위하여 microsatellite multiplex PCR 기술을 개발하였다. 개발한 mutiplex PCR 기술은 6개 microsatellite locus Hdh145, Hdh512, Hdh1321, Awb017, Awb083 및 Awb098을 한번의 PCR 증폭으로 다중분석이 가능하다. 이 기술은 높은 친자확인 성공률과 가계분석에 있어서도 모두 멘델의 분리법칙을 따르고 있다. 더욱이 대량의 시료처리를 필요로 하는 경우에 있어서도 시간절약 및 비용 절감뿐만 아니라 샘플 처리과정의 간소화가 가능하여 handling errors를 줄일 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 multiplex PCR은 친자확인, 가계분석, 집단유전학 및 계통분류학 분석에 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2010

The Russian ratsnake, Elaphe schrenckii, is found in Russia, China, and Korea, and is considered to be an endangered species by the Ministry of Environment in South Korea. Due to habitat loss and use in oriental medicine, their population has been severely decimated. In South Korea, two subspecies of E. schrenckii has been defined according to body color: E. s. schrenckii (blackish) and E. s. anomala (yellow-brownish). Molecular genetic studies on Elaphe schrenckii are very scarce and the taxonomy of Elaphe schrenckii subspecies is uncertain. From the present study, we attempted to identify the genetic differences of these two subspecies using species-specific microsatellites developed from the genomic library of E. schrenckii. Nine polymorphic loci were tested on 19 individuals from E. s. schrenckii (n=10) and E. s. anomala (n=9) in South Korea. The mean number of alleles was 3.78 in E. s. schrenckii and 4.11 in E. s. anomala. The average expected heterozygosity was 0.542 and 0.511 in E. s. schrenckii and E. s. anomala, respectively. We found a lack of genetic structure between two subspecies ($F_{ST}=0.016$) and no genetic discrimination between two subspecies was found. Based on the present findings by microsatellites, two subspecies can be considered as one species, E. schrenckii. However, further investigations on taxonomical status using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences need to be performed and morphological & ecological data should be revised. The genetic markers should benefit future studies of the endangered species of other Elaphe species for the study of genetic diversity and potential conservation management.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2000

Background: Microsatellites are short-tandem repeated uncleotide sequences present throughout the human genome. Alterations of microsatellites have been termed microsatellite instability(MI). It has been generally known that microsatellite instability detected in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) reflects genetic instability that is caused by impairments of DNA mismatch repair system regarding as a novel tumorigenic mechanism. A number of studies reported that MI occurred at varying frequencies in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). However It has been unproven whether MI could be a useful market of genetic instability and have a clinical significance in NSCLC. Material and Method : We have examined whether MI can be observed in thirty NCSLC using polymerase chain reaction whether such alterations are associated with other molecular changes such as p53, K-ras and c-myc oncoproteins expression detected by immunohistochemical stain,. Result: MI(+) was observed in 16.6%(5/30) and MI(-) was 83.3% (25/30) Average age was 50$\pm$7.5 year-old in MI(+) group and 57$\pm$6.6 year-old in MI(-) group. Two year survival rate in MI(=) group (20% 1/5) was worse than MI(-) group (64% 16/25) with a statistic difference. (P=0.04) The positive rate of K-ras oncoprotein expression and simultaneous expression of 2 or 3 oncoproteins expression were higher in MI(+) group than MI(-) group with a statistic difference(P=0.05, P=0.01) Conclusion: From, these results the authors can conclude that MI is found in some NSCLC and it may be a novel tumorigenic mechanism in some NSCLC. We also conclude that MI could be used as another poor prognostic factor in NSCLS.