• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2008

In this paper, in order to analyze property of frequency response in microphone using optical sensor, acousto-optic sensor system has been implemented. The capacitance microphone and fiber-optic transmission path type fiber-optic microphone (FOM) have weaknesses in directivity, size, weight, and price. However suggested optical microphone can be constituted by cheap devices, so it has many benefits like small size, light weight, high directivity, etc. Head part of optical microphone which is suggested in this paper is movable back and forth by sound pressure with the attached reflection plate. Operating point has also been determined by measuring the response characteristics. The choosing the point, which has maximum linearity and sensitivity has changing the distance between optical head and vibrating plate. We measured the output of the O/E transformed signal of the optical microphone while frequency of sound signal is changed using sound measurement /analysis program, "Smaart Live" and "USBPre", which are based on PC, and compared the result from an existing capacitance microphone. The measured optical microphone showed almost similar output characteristics as those of the compared condenser microphone, and its bandwidth performance was about 4 kHz at up to 3 dB.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1448-1451
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• 2021

In this paper, 3D range sensor is applied to the sensor-based widerange microphone system for lectures. Since the 2D range sensor measures the shortest distance of the speaker, an error occurs and the performance is degraded. The 3D sensor provides a 160×60 distance image so that the position of the speaker can be obtained with accuracy. We propose a method for obtaining the distance per pixel required to determine the absolute position of the speaker from the distance image. The proposed array microphone system using the 3D sensor shows the improvement of 0.8~1.5dB compared to the previous works using 2D sensor.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.611-614
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose a widerange array microphone for lecturer tracked with Frequency Modulated Continuous Waveform (FMCW) radar sensor. Time Difference-of-Arrival (TDoA) is often used as audio tracking, but the tracking accuracy is poor because the frequency of the voice is low and the relative frequency change is large. FMCW radar has a simple structure and is used to detect obstacles for vehicles, and the resolution can be archived to several centimeter. It is shown that the sensor is useful for detecting a speaker in open area such as a lecture, and we propose an wide range 4-element array microphone beamforming system. Through some experiments, the proposed system is able to adequately track the location and showed a 8.6dB improvement over the selection of the best microphone.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.808-811
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• 2022

In this paper, a wide-range microphone system for lectures using dual 3D sensors is proposed. A previous work using a single sensor had lowering the detecting threshold to support wide-area. However it was found that an error occurred when lecturer wears clothes with low reflectivity or has small body size. When multiple sensors are used to expand the coverage it could be cause various problems. Each sensor could show different distance to the same target. We derive the rotation angle and and compensate for lecturing microphone system using sensors on the line. The proposed method shows a little improvement in performance by about 1dB compared to the previous works but the performance is uniform in all areas regardless of reflectivity.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2009

Rodents, specially rats, can recognize distance and shape of an object and also pattern of the textures by using their whiskers. Mechanoreceptors surrounding the root of whisker in their follicle measure deflection of the whisker. Rats can move their whisker back and forth freely. This ability, called active whisking or active sensing, is one of characteristics of rat behaviours. Many researches based on the mechanism have been progressed. In this paper, we test a simple and accurate method based on deflection of the whisker: we designed biomimetic whiskers modeling after a structure of follicle using the microphone. The microphone sensor measures a mechanical vibration. Attaching an artificial whisker beam to the microphone membrane, we can detect a vibration of whisker and this can show the deflection amount of whisker indirectly.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2009년도 IWAIT
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• pp.596-600
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• 2009

We are developing a simple low-cost wind velocity sensor based on small microphones. The sensor system consists of 4 microphones covered with specially shaped wind screens, 4 pre-amplifiers that respond to low frequency, and a commercial sound interface with multi channel inputs. In this paper, we first present the principle of the sensor, i.e., technique to successfully suppress the influence of external noise existing in the environment in order to determine the wind velocity and the wind direction from the output from a microphone. Then, we present an application for generating realistic motions of a virtual tree swaying in real wind. Although the current sensor outputs significant leaps in a measured sequence of directions, the interactive animations demonstrate that it is usable for such applications, if we could reduce the leaps to some degree.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.693-698
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• 2008

For designing intensity modulation type optical microphone, the irradiance distribution which can be applied to inclined-cut geometrical configuration is suggested. The model is important in analysis of response characteristics f3r intensity modulation type optical microphone. To overcome low sensitivity problem in intensity modulation type optical microphone, inclined-cut optical fiber is considered here. Based on optical geometry, the inclined-cut optical fiber sensor is designed and fabricated. The experiments are carried out to evaluate sensor performance.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1270-1277
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• 2008

For designing intensity modulation type optical microphone, the irradiance distribution which can be applied to inclined-cut geometrical configuration is suggested. The model is important in analysis of response characteristics for intensity modulation type optical microphone. To overcome low sensitivity problem in intensity modulation type optical microphone, inclined-cut optical fiber is considered here. Based on optical geometry, the inclined-cut optical fiber sensor is designed and fabricated. The experiments are carried out to evaluate sensor performance.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 광 마이크로폰의 주파수 응답특성 분석을 위해 시스템을 제안하고 구현하였다. 현재 사용되어지고 있는 캐패시턴스 마이크로폰과 광섬유 전송로형 광 마이크로폰(FOM)은 낮은 지향성과 크기, 무게, 비싼 가격 등에서 단점을 나타내고 있다. 반면 제안된 광 마이크로폰은 저가의 소자로 구성할 수 있으며, 소형, 경량화, 높은 지향성 등의 장점을 갖는다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 광 마이크로폰의 헤드 부는 인가된 음압에 따라서 전후로 움직이게 되어있으며, 반사판이 부착되어 있는 형태로 구성되어 있다. 광 헤드와 진동판사이의 거리를 변화시켜가며 응답특성을 측정하여 선형성과 민감도가 최대인 지점을 동작 점으로 결정하였다. 컴퓨터 기반 음향 측정/분석 프로그램인 Smaart Live와 USBPre를 사용하여 음향 신호의 주파수를 변화시켜 가며 구현한 광 마이크로폰의 광전 변환된 신호의 출력을 측정하였으며, 기존의 캐패시턴스 마이크로폰과 비교 분석하였다. 측정된 광 마이크로폰은 비교 콘덴서 마이크로폰과 거의 동일한 출력 특성을 나타내었으며, 주파수 대역폭은 약 ${\pm}3$[dB] 이내에서 300[Hz]-3[kHz] 정도의 성능을 나타내었다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1080-1084
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• 2007

Many different methods for sound source localization have been developed. Most of them mainly depend on time delay of arrival (TDOA) or on empirical or analytic head related transfer functions (HRTFs). In real implementation, since the direct path between a source and a sensor is interrupted by obstacles as like a head or body of robot, it has to be considered the number of sensors as well as their positions. Therefore, in this paper, we present the methods, which are included sensor position problem, to localize the sound source with 4 microphones to cover the 3D space. Those are modified two-step TDOA methods. Our conclusion is that the different method has to be applied in case to be different microphone position on real robot platform.