• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 1996

전국 5개 지역에서 사육되고 있는 German shepherd종 개 127두(암컷 56. 수컷 71두)를 대상으로 필라리아자충검사법(modified Knott's test)과 성충항원검사법($DiroCHEK^{\circledR}$, Synbiotics. USA)을 이용하여 1994년 10월부터 1995년 8월 사이에 개심장사상충 감염률을 조사하였다. 필라리아자충 검사법에 의한 감염률은 10.2%(13/127)였으나 항원검사법에 의해서는 28.3%(36/127)를 보여 항원 양성견 36두 중 말초혈액에서 필라리아자충이 검출된 경우는 33.3%에 불과하였다 필라리아자충이 검출된 개들은 모두 항원양성반응을 보였다. 항원양성반응 을 보였으나 필라리아자충이 검출되지 않은 은폐감염견들 중 3두를 부검한 결과 심장과 폐동맥에 4-15마리의 개심장사상충 성충이 존재하여 항원검사법이 보다 정확한 검사법임을 시사하였다. 항 원검사법에 의한 지역별 감염률에 있어서는 강원도 횡성지역의 개들이 가장 높았으며(84.4%). 예 천과 중원지역은 20.0%와 14.3%로 각각 조사되었고 김해와 광주지역의 개들에서는 검출되지 알았다. 감염견들의 연령은 1-3세, 4-6세, 그리고 7-11세에서 6.3%. 21.4% 및 56.4%로 각각 조 사되어 연령이 증가함에 따라 감염률도 증가하였다 이 연구의 결과 국내 개심장사상충의 감염률은 필라리아자충검사법에 의한 과거 조사(3.1~23.0%)에 비해 성충항원검사법에 의한 것이 보다 높을 것으로 추정 되었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.327-332
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• 2013

A survey of canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection among 102 Jindo dogs was performed from September to October 1995, using a microfilarial test (modified Knott's test) and an antigen test (DiroCHEK, Synbiotics, USA). The infection rate of 102 Jindo dogs was 1.9% (2/102) by the modified Knott's test, but was 4.9% (5/102) by the antigen test. This result revealed that the antigen test is more accurate than the microfilarial test. Also, 222 Jindo dogs (Male 61, Female 161) were examined for Dirofilaria immitis infection from 1995 to 1997 using an antigen test (DiroCHEK, Synbiotics, USA). Twelve (5.4%) Jindo dogs were positive for Dirofilaria immitis antigen. The infection rates were higher than in male (6.6%, 4/61) than female dogs (5.0%, 8/161). The infection rates of heartworm in Jindo dogs at the age of under 1 year, 1~2 years and over 2 years old were 0.0% (0/39), 4.3% (5/115) and 10.3% (7/68), respectively. The older age had higher infection rates than the younger age (P=0.018). The infection rates of canine heartworm was reported to be the highest (17.6%, P=0.028) in Jodo-myeon, 10.6% in Uisin-myeon and 5.3% in limhoe-myun. But dogs with antigenemia weren't detected in Gogun-myeon. and Jisan-myeon. This study indicates that the prevalence of canine heartworm in Jindo-gun is lower than previously reported (3.1% and 12.3%) which utilized microfilarial tests.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2003

A survey of canine heartworm(Dirofilaria immitis) infections among dogs in Daefu area was performed from February 2000 to October 2002 using a microfilarial test and an antigen test(AGEN$^{TM}$ Canine heartworm). The infection rate of 220 dogs(96 males, 124 females) was 23.2%(51/22) by the microfilarial test, but was 23.6%(52/220) by the antigen test, revealing that 1 of 52 antigen-positive dogs were microfilaria-negative in the peripheral blood. All dogs that were microgilaria-positive were also antigen-positive. The infection rates of heartworm in dogs at the age of < 1, 1-3, 4-6, 7-11 and 12-15 years were 2.7%, 17.4%, 41.0%, 42.9% and 57.1%, respectively. Based on the fact that the antigen test is more accurate than the microfilaria test. The infection rates of heartworm in dogs by housing of indoor and outdoor were 6.9% and 46.4%, respectively. Based on the fact that outdoor housing is more infectious than indoor housing.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 개 심장사상충을 관리하기 위한 기초연구 자료를 확보하기 위하여 1996-2007년 동안 국내에서 발표된 논문 중 총 14편 (자충검사 1,790건, 성충에 대한 ELISA 항원검사 3,277건)의 자료에 근거하여 주요 위험 요인별 자충과 성충의 항원검사에 의한 유병율을 추정하였다. 자료분석을 위하여 일반견 (pet dog)과 군견 (military dog)을 별도로 분석하였다. 일반견에서 현성유병율은 자충검사 11.7% (183/1,563), 항원검사 16.5% (379/2,302)로 항원검사에서 유의하게 높았으나 (p < 0.001) 두 검사 모두 성별에 따른 유병율의 차이는 없었다. 2000년 이전과 비교할 때 2000년 이후 자충검사와 항원검사에 의한 유병율은 2.5%에서 13.1%, 9.9%에서 20.3%로 각각 증가하였다 (p < 0.001). 항원검사에 의한 유병율은 2세 이하 5.0% (n = 701), 2세 이상 20.7% (n = 1,003)로 연령이 증가함에 따라 유병율이 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 (p < 0.001), 실외견 (37.9%)이 실내견 (3.4%)에 비하여 유병율이 유의하게 높았다. 한편 군견의 경우 유병율은 자충검사 38.3% (87/227), 항원검사 38.5% (375/975)로 일반견에 비하여 유의하게 높았으며 (p < 0.001), 잠복감염율은 일반견 37.5%, 군견 66.7%로 나타났다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 1997

We have investigated the prevalence of canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection among 100 mixed-breed dogs raised in Chonnam Province (Koheung, Posung, Changheung, and Hwasoon) and 100 dogs randomly selected from visiting dogs to the College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University for routine physical examination. Blood samples taken from dogs were examined for the presence of Dirofilaria immitis microfilaria by the modified Knott's test, and an antigen test which was based on the sandwich ELISA(DiroCHEK(equation omitted), Synbiotics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA) was used to detect the adult heartworm-specific antigen from serum samples. The results were then compared with those of the modified Knott's test. Five(2.5%) of the 200 examined dogs were microfilaria-positive, while 8 dogs(4%) were anti-gen-positive, which suggested that the antigen test was more sensitive than the microfilarial test in detecting heartworm infection. All dogs that were microfilaria-positive were also antigen-positive. The place of origin of the heartworm-positive dogs were of Naju (4/26, 15.4%), Koheung(3/32, 9.4%), and Hwasoon (1/19, 5.3%), while none of dogs raised in Kwangju, Posung, and Changheung areas were infected with the parasite. Although not significant, more infected dogs were observed in older ages, while the difference in infection rate between male (4/98, 4.1%) and female (4/102, 3.9%) was not recognized. Our results indicated that a relatively low infection rate was observed in dogs raised in Kwangju and Chonnam area compared to the infection rate reported previously in other areas of South Korea.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2003

This study was attempted to survey on the prevalence of canine heartworm(Dirofilaria immitis) infection among 100 dogs(male 39, female 61) on the nine breeding farms in eastern Chungnam province in December 2002. Blood samples taken from dogs were examined for the presence of D immitis microfilaria by the modified Knott's test and an antigen test was using FASTest$\^$/ HW Antigne kit (Mega Cor A-6912 Horbranz-Austraia). 1. Eleven(11.0%) of the 100 examined dogs were microfilaria positive, while nineteen dogs(19.0%) were antigen positive, which suggested that the antigen test was more sensitive than the microfilarial test in detecting heartworm infection. 2. Infected dogs were observed higher more at 2 years older ages(4/48, 8.3%) and male(9/39, 23.1%) than young ages(4/48, 8.3%) and female(10/61, 16.4%). 3. The regional infection rates were of Gongju(15/43, 34.9%), Geumsan(4.27, 14.8%), while none of infection dogs in Yeongi(0/30, 0%). 4. Survey for hematological values of D immitis infected dogs : WBC and eosinophils were 21.4${\pm}$7.2 k/${\mu}\ell$, 3.5${\pm}$0.4 k/${\mu}\ell$, respectively. In conculsion, this study could be overemphasized the importance of control program the heartworm in eastern Chungnam province

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.130-133
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• 2009

검사키트의 신속성과 간편성이 보편화되면서 진단목적으로 키트를 사용하는 빈도가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 검사키트는 민감도와 특이도가 100% 완벽하지 못하기 때문에 진단검사의 특성과 이러한 특성에 영향을 미치는 요인을 이해하지 못할 경우 검사결과를 해석하는데 오류를 범하게 된다. 임상의는 검사결과 양성 혹은 음성일 때 환자가 실제로 질병에 감염되어 있을 확률이 어느 정도인지에 관심을 두기 때문에 본 연구에서는 예측도를 이용하여 유병율에 따른 결과 해석방법을 개 심장사상충 진단키트를 예로 들어 설명하였다. 문헌고찰 결과 심장사상충 진단용 키트검사의 평균 민감도와 특이도는 DiroChek 78.1-95.2%, SNAP 66.3-98.1%, Solo Step 69.5-97.5%를 보였다. 혈액학적 검사법(Modified Knott's, direct smear, capillary tube)의 민감도와 특이도는 각각 38.4-81.8%, 96.9-100%의 범위를 보여 검사법에 따라 상당한 차이를 보였다. 또한 국내 개 심장상충의 자충과 항원 유병율은 지역별로 차이가 있으며 키트검사의 예측도는 유병율에 매우 민감하다는 점을 고려하면 개 심장사상충에 대한 검사결과에 근거하여 감염확률을 추정할 때 유병율이 상이한 임상환경에서는 양성 혹은 음성결과에 대하여 신중하게 해석할 필요가 있다.