• KSBB Journal
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2001

BTX를 배출하는 지역에서 얻어진 슬러지를 적절한 배지에 3개월 간 적응시킨 결과, benzene과 toluene을 빠르게 분해하는 MY컨소시엄와 p-, m-, o-xylene을 빠르게 분해하는 MA컨소시엄을 획득하였다. 균주의 동정결과 MA 및 MA컨소시엄의 주된 균주는 Rhodococcus ruber DSM 43338T과 Rhodococcus sp.로 밝혀졌다. BTX 단일성분의 분해속도 측정결과 benzene > toluene > o-xylene > p-xylene > m-xylene의 순으로 분해가 일어났다. MY 및 MY컨소시엄으 동시배양을 이용한 2-5종의 복합 BTX의 분해실험결과 대부분의 경우 108시간내에 완전히 분해되었으며, 각 혼합물의 조성에 따라 촉진 및 방해작용을 나타내었다. 분 연구에서 획득한 2종의 미생물컨소시엄은 BTX의 생물학적 처리에 매우 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2011

Nonylphenol (NP), which is well known as an endocrine disrupter, has been detected widely in untreated sewage or waste water streams. Given the necessity of discovering an eco-friendly method of degrading this toxic organic compound, this study was conducted to isolate NP-degrading microorganisms from the aqueous environment. NP-degrading microbes were isolated through NP-containing enrichment culture. Finally, a microbial consortium, SW-3, capable of degrading NP with high efficiency, was selected from the mixture sample. The microbial consortium SW-3 was able to degrade over 99% of 100 ppm NP in the culture medium for 40 days at $25^{\circ}C$. The microbial consortium SW-3 seemed to utilize NP as a carbon source, since NP was the sole carbon source in the culture medium. In order to isolate the NP-degrading bacterium, we further conducted single colony isolation using the microbial consortium SW-3. Four strains isolated from SW-3 exhibited lower NP-degradation efficiency than that of SW-3, suggesting that NP was degraded by the co-metabolism of the microbial consortium. We suggest that the microbial consortium obtained in this study would be useful in developing an eco-friendly bioremediation technology for NP degradation.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.206-209
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• 2004

벤젠의 제거에 효과적인 MY 혼합균주를 획득하였으며, 이중 우점종은 Rhodococcus ruber DSM 43338T로 밝혀졌다. MY 혼합균주가 함유된 유동층 생물반응기는 벤젠에 대한 임계 제거율 (critical removal rate)은 32 g/㎥ h로 나타났으며, 17일간의 연속가동에서도 안정적인 처리효율을 보여주어서, 벤젠의 제거에 뛰어난 성능을 보여주었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2021

In this work, an indigenous microbial consortium was obtained by selectively cultivating microbes using a long-aged petroleum-contaminated soil (Kuwait) containing recalcitrant petroleum hydrocarbons. The obtained microbial consortium was able to grow on and degrade the remaining petroleum hydrocarbons which could not have been utilized by the indigenous microbes in the original Kuwait soil. The following microbial community analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing suggested that the enhanced degradation of the remaining recalcitrant petroleum hydrocarbons by the novel microbial consortium may have been attributed to the selected bacterial populations belonging to Bacillus, Burkholderia, Sphingobacterium, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotella, Haemophilus, Pseudomonas, and Neisseria.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1123-1133
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• 2021

Biodegradation is the key process involved in natural lignocellulose biotransformation and utilization. Microbial consortia represent promising candidates for applications in lignocellulose conversion strategies for biofuel production; however, cooperation among the enzymes and the labor division of microbes in the microbial consortia remains unclear. In this study, metagenomic analysis was performed to reveal the community structure and extremozyme systems of a lignocellulolytic microbial consortium, TMC7. The taxonomic affiliation of TMC7 metagenome included members of the genera Ruminiclostridium (42.85%), Thermoanaerobacterium (18.41%), Geobacillus (10.44%), unclassified_f__Bacillaceae (7.48%), Aeribacillus (2.65%), Symbiobacterium (2.47%), Desulfotomaculum (2.33%), Caldibacillus (1.56%), Clostridium (1.26%), and others (10.55%). The carbohydrate-active enzyme annotation revealed that TMC7 encoded a broad array of enzymes responsible for cellulose and hemicellulose degradation. Ten glycoside hydrolases (GHs) endoglucanase, 4 GHs exoglucanase, and 6 GHs β-glucosidase were identified for cellulose degradation; 6 GHs endo-β-1,4-xylanase, 9 GHs β-xylosidase, and 3 GHs β-mannanase were identified for degradation of the hemicellulose main chain; 6 GHs arabinofuranosidase, 2 GHs α-mannosidase, 11 GHs galactosidase, 3 GHs α-rhamnosidase, and 4 GHs α-fucosidase were identified as xylan debranching enzymes. Furthermore, by introducing a factor named as the contribution coefficient, we found that Ruminiclostridium and Thermoanaerobacterium may be the dominant contributors, whereas Symbiobacterium and Desulfotomaculum may serve as "sugar cheaters" in lignocellulose degradation by TMC7. Our findings provide mechanistic profiles of an array of enzymes that degrade complex lignocellulosic biomass in the microbial consortium TMC7 and provide a promising approach for studying the potential contribution of microbes in microbial consortia.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.354-359
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• 2006

This study examined the capacity of immobilized bacteria to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. A mixture of hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial strains was immobilized in alginate and incubated in crude oil-contaminated artificial seawater (ASW). Analysis of hydrocarbon residues following a 30-day incubation period demonstrated that the biodegradation capacity of the microorganisms was not compromised by the immobilization. Removal of n-alkanes was similar in immobilized cells and control cells. To test reusability, the immobilized bacteria were incubated for sequential increments of 30 days. No decline in biodegradation capacity of the immobilized consortium of bacterial cells was noted over its repeated use. We conclude that immobilized hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria represent a promising application in the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated areas.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2018

A microbial consortium, TMC7, was enriched for the degradation of natural lignocellulosic materials under high temperature. TMC7 degraded 79.7% of rice straw during 15 days of incubation at $65^{\circ}C$. Extracellular xylanase was effectively secreted and hemicellulose was mainly degraded in the early stage (first 3 days), whereas primary decomposition of cellulose was observed as of day 3. The optimal temperature and initial pH for extracellular xylanase activity and lignocellulose degradation were $65^{\circ}C$ and between 7.0 and 9.0, respectively. Extracellular xylanase activity was maintained above 80% and 85% over a wide range of temperature ($50-75^{\circ}C$) and pH values (6.0-11.0), respectively. Clostridium likely had the largest contribution to lignocellulose conversion in TMC7 initially, and Geobacillus, Aeribacillus, and Thermoanaerobacterium might have also been involved in the later phase. These results demonstrate the potential practical application of TMC7 for lignocellulosic biomass utilization in the biotechnological industry under hot and alkaline conditions.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.110-121
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• 2022

The effluents from industries processing vegetable oils are extremely rich in sulfates, often exceeding the maximum concentration allowed to release them to the environment. Biological sulfate reduction is a promising alternative for the removal of sulfates in this type of wastewater, which has other particularities such as an acidic pH. The ability to reduce sulfates has been widely described for a particular bacterial group (SRB: sulfate-reducing bacteria), although the reports describing its application for the treatment of sulfate-rich industrial wastewaters are scarce. In this work, we describe the use of a natural SRB-based consortium able to remove above 30% of sulfates in the wastewater from one of the largest edible oil industries in Peru. Metataxonomic analysis was used to analyse the interdependencies established between SRB and the native microbiota present in the wastewater samples, and the performance of the consortium was quantified for different sulfate concentrations in laboratory-scale reactors. Our results pave the way towards the use of this consortium as a low-cost, sustainable alternative for the treatment of larger volumes of wastewater coming from this type of industries.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2012

친환경 농법이 대두되면서 식물 병원균에 대한 길항능과 식물생장 촉진능을 동시에 가지는 plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGRP)을 이용해 식물병을 방제하는 미생물 농법이 선호되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 토양비옥도 지표효소로 알려진 5종의 토양효소활성 측정을 이용해 plant growth promoting rhizobacterium 균주인 Bacillus subtilis AH18, Bacillus licheniformis K11, Pseudomonas fluorescens 2112를 조합한 복합미생물제제와 시판중인 미생물농약, 화학농약을 처리한 고추경작지에서 토양미생물상을 분석하고 고추의 생장 및 수확량을 측정하여 메타지노믹스를 이용한 토양미생물 다양성 연구의 기초자료로 사용하고자 하였다. 토양효소활성의 측정에서 복합미생물제제 처리구가 dehydrogenase 3.5584 ${\mu}g$ TPF $g^{-1}h^{-1}$, urease 15.8689 ${\mu}g$ $NH_4{^-}N$ $g^{-1}h^{-1}$, phosphatase 0.5692 ${\mu}g$ PNP $g^{-1}h^{-1}$, ${\beta}$-glucosidase 2.4785 ${\mu}g$ PNP $g^{-1}h^{-1}$, cellulase 86.1597 ${\mu}g$ glucose $g^{-1}h^{-1}$의 수치를 나타내 타처리구보다 높은 활성을 보여 토양미생물상의 다양성이 증대됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 고추의 생장촉진도측정에서 복합미생물제제가 타처리구에 비해 주경장에서 최대 6.1%, 경경에서 최대 8.1%의 생장촉진능을 보여 복합미생물제제의 생장촉진능을 확인하였다. 생고추의 수확량 측정에서는 복합미생물제제가 무처리구를 기준으로 했을 때 14%의 수확량 증대효과를 나타내었고, 화학농약 처리구보다도 7.3%의 증대효과를 나타내어 복합미생물제제에 의한 수확량 증대효과도 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구에 사용된 복합 미생물컨소시움제제가 고추경작지 토양의 미생물상 다양성 증가와 고추의 생장촉진 및 수확량 향상 모두에 기여함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2012

두 종의 Bacillus와 한 종의 Pseudomonas로 구성된 컨소시엄 미생물제제를 고추 경작지에 첨가하였을 때 경작지 토양의 미생물 다양성 변화를 조사하기 위해 건전한 토양의 지표가 되는 질소순환관여 미생물과 근권토양 내 섬유소 분해기능, 인산가용화기능과 urea 가수분해기능을 가지는 기능성미생물의 활성과 밀도를 측정하였다. 고추 경작지 토양에 컨소시엄 PGPR 미생물인 B. subtilis AH18, B. licheniformis K11과 P. fluorescens 2112의 컨소시엄 미생물제제를 처리하여 토양미생물의 다양성에 변화를 측정하여 컨소시엄 미생물제제의 처리에 의한 근권토양 미생물의 다양성 변화와 고추의 생육에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 컨소시엄 미생물제제 처리구의 경우 Actinomyces spp., Trichoderma spp., 광합성세균과 Azotobacter spp.가 다른 처리구에 비하여 1.7-5배 이상 높았으며, 질소 순환에 관여하는 미생물은 1.4-4배 증가되었다. 또한 기능성 미생물의 다양성도 화학제제나 물처리구와 비교하였을 때 1.3-3배 증가하였다. 건고추 수확량은 컨소시엄 미생물제제를 처리하였을 경우 대조구나 화학제제를 처리하였을 때보다 15%이상 수확량이 증대되었다. 따라서 PGPR 컨소시엄 미생물제제의 처리로 인해 고추 경작지 토양의 근권미생물 다양성과 작물의 생산성에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 생각된다. 추후 메타지노믹스를 활용하여 미생물 다양성 변화를 추가적으로 확인할 예정이다.