• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.503-509
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• 2011

ECC는 모르타르 매트릭스에 약 2% 이내 체적비의 합성 섬유를 보강하여 1축 인장 하에서 변형률 경화 거동과 다수의 미세균열을 발현하도록 제조한 높은 연성의 시멘트 복합 재료이다. 최근 ECC를 적용하는 연구가 구조물 보수보강 공법, 현장 타설 및 프리캐스트화 공법 등 다양한 형태로 진행되고 있으며, 특히 연성이 요구되는 구조 부재에 적용하고 하는 시도가 끊임없이 이루어지고 있다. 이 연구에서는 성능 저하된 철근콘크리트(RC) 보의 구조 성능 및 균열 제어 성능을 개선하기 위하여 ECC와 고장력 철근을 함께 활용하는 보강 공법을 다루고 있다. 이를 위하여 RC 보실험체를 제작 실험하여 구조 성능과 파괴 형태 등을 연구하였다. 실험 결과, ECC와 고장력 철근으로 보강된 RC보는 우수한 균열 제어 성능과 더불어 휨 내하력 및 휨 강성이 크게 향상되는 것으로 평가되었다. 이 연구 결과는 ECC와 고장력 철근을 활용한 보강 공법의 설계 및 현장 적용을 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 것이다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.732-737
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• 2005

Distal 3D Real Object Duplication System(RODS) consists of 3D Scanner and Solid Freeform Fabrication System(SFFS). It is a device to make three-dimensional objects directly from the drawing or the scanning data. In this research, we developed an office type SFFS based on Three Dimensional Printing Process and a industrial SFFS using Dual Laser. An office type SFFS applied sliding mode control with sliding perturbation observer(SMCSPO) algorithm for control of this system. And we measured process variables about droplet diameter measurement and powder bed formation etc. through experiments. Also, in order to develop more elaborate and speedy system for large objects than existing SLS process, this study applies a new Selective Multi-Laser Sintering(SMLS) process and 3-axis dynamic Focusing Scanner for scanning large area instead of the existing $f\theta$ lens. In this process, the temperature has a great influence on sintering of the polymer. Also the laser parameters are considered like that laser beam power, scan speed, scan spacing. Now, this study is in progress to eveluate the effect of experimental parameters on the sintering process.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.657-662
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• 2005

In this study, the deposition of micrometer-scale metallic interconnects on LCD glass for the repair of open-circuit type defects is investigated. Although there had been a few studies Since 1980 s for the deposition of metallic interconnects by laser-induced chemical vapor deposition, those studies mostly used continuous wave lasers. In this work, a third harmonic Nd:YLF laser (351nm) of high repetition rates, up to 10 KHz, was used as the illumination source and $W(CO)_6$ was selected as the precursor. General characteristics of the metal deposit (tungsten) such as height, width, morphology as well as electrical properties were examined for various process conditions. Height of the deposited tungsten lines ranged from 35 to 500 nm depending on laser power and scan speed while the width was controlled between $3\~50{\mu}$ using a slit placed in the beam path. The resistivity of the deposited tungsten lines was measured to be below 1 $O\cdot{\mu}m$, which is an acceptable value according to the manufacturing standard. The tungsten lines produced at high scan speed had good surface morphology with little particles around the patterns. Experimental results demonstrated that it is likely that the deposit forms through a hybrid process, namely through the combination of photolytic and pyrolytic mechanisms.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1028-1033
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• 2010

Wastewater reuse for agricultural irrigation needs treatment and control of pathogens to minimize risks to human health and the environment. In order to evaluate the water quality of UV-treated reclaimed water, this study focused on the relationship between micro-pathogens and particulate matters. MS2 was selected as an index organism because it has similar characteristics to human enteric virus and strong resistance to UV disinfection. The turbidity and suspended solid (SS) were selected for test parameters. In this study, it was performed with different UV doses (30 and $60mJ/cm^2$) for estimation of the MS2 inactivation rate using collimated beam batch experiments in the laboratory. The experiment results by turbidity or SS concentration presented that the increased concentration of them lowered MS2 inactivation. At the turbidity (below 4.27 NTU) and SS (below 1.47 mg/L) of the low level range, the inactivation of 60 UV dose is higher than 30 UV dose. However, at the turbidity and SS of the high level, the increasing UV dose did not show apparent increasing the MS2 inactivation. In quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), it can confirm the trend that $P_D$ and turbidity concentrations have positive correlationship at the low concentration, which was also observed in SS. The QMRA can be helpful in communication with public for safe wastewater reuse and be recommended.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.9-11
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• 2007

유(流)세포분석기(flow cytometer)는 일정한 체적 내에 존재하는 세포의 종류 및 개체 수 등을 계측하는 장비로써 생체에서 추출한 유액상태(혈액 또는 림프액)의 세포를 모세관(micro-channel)을 통과시킬 때 발생하는 산란 및 형광 빛을 이용하여 계측한다. 유세포 분석기는 신약의 투석 후 세포수의 증감, 암세포의 전이 및 세포주기의 분석 등을 연구하는 데 사용되며 현재 Becton-Dickinson's 등에서 상용화된 제품을 생산 판매하고 있으며, 계측을 위해서는 생체에서 세포를 추출해야 한다는 단점을 가지고 있다. Harvard 의과대학에서 최근에 개발한 생체 유세포분석기(In vivo Flow Cytometer)는 생체에서 세포를 추출하지 않고 세포의 수를 계측할 수 있다[1]. 레이저가 혈관의 특정한 부위에 조사되고 있고, 이곳을 세포가 통과하면서 발생하는 형광을 계측함으로써 주어진 시간 동안 특정세포군이 얼마나 지나가는 지를 계측할 수 있는 장비이다. 본 특별기사에서는 혈류 가시화 분야의 독자를 위해 최근에 "Optics Express"에 "In vivo imaging flow cytometer"라는 제목으로 최근에 개제된 논문의 내용을 하여 소개한다[2].

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2001

In order to fabricate uncooled IR sensors for pyroelectric applications, multilayered thin films of Pt/PbTiO$_3$/Pt/Ti/Si$_3$N$_4$/SiO$_2$/Si and thermally isolating membrane structures of square-shaped/cantilevers-shaped microstructures were prepared. Cavity was also fabricated via direct silicon wafer bonding and etching technique. Metallic Pt layer was deposited by ion beam sputtering while PbTiO$_3$ thin films were prepared by sol-gel technique. Micromachining technology was used to fabricate microstructured-membrane detectors. In order to avoid a difficulty of etching active layers, silicon-nitride membrane structure was fabricated through the direct bonding and etching of the silicon wafer. Although multilayered thin film deposition and device fabrications were processed independently, these could b integrated to make IR micro-sensor devices.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.481-486
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• 2010

ENIG (electroless Ni immersion gold) is one of surface finishing which has been most widely used in fine pitch SMT (surface mount technology) and BGA (ball grid array) packaging process. The reliability for package bondability is mainly affected by interfacial reaction between solder and surface finishing. Since the behavior of IMC (intermetallic compound), or the interfacial reaction between Ni and solder, affects to some product reliabilities such as solderability and bondability, understanding behavior of IMC should be important issue. Thus, we studied the properties of ENIG with P contents (9 wt% and 13 wt%), where the P contents is one of main factors in formation of IMC layer. The effect of P content was discussed using the results obtained from FE-SEM(field-emission scanning electron microscope), EPMA(electron probe micro analyzer), EDS(energy dispersive spectroscopy) and Dual-FIB(focused ion beam). Especially, we observed needle type irregular IMC layer with decreasing Ni contents under high P contents (13 wt%). Also, we found how IMC layer affects to bondability with forming continuous Kirkendall voids and thick P-rich layer.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2009

High-pressured jetting is now widely used in the advanced cutting processes of polymers, metals, glass, ceramics and composite materials because of some advantages such as heatless and non-contacting cutting. Similarly to the focused laser beam machining, it is well known as a type of high-density energy processes. High-pressured jetting is going to be developed not only to minimize the cutting line width but also to achieve the short cutting time as soon as possible. However, the interaction behavior between a work piece and high-velocity abrasive particles during the high-pressured jet cutting makes the impact mechanism even more complicated. Conventional high-pressured jetting is still difficult to apply to precision cutting of micro-scaled thin work piece such as thin metal sheets, thin ceramic substrates, thin glass plates and TMM (Thin multi-layered materials). In this paper, we proposed the advanced high-pressured jetting technology by introducing a new abrasives supplying method and investigated the optimal process conditions of the cutting pressure, the cutting velocity and SOD (Standoff distance).

• 농촌계획
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2006

The experiment was carried out to determine the distribution of total coliform the translocation of heavy metals and the salt accumulation in soils following the supply of ground water, the domestic wastewater and the ultraviolet treatment of domestic wastewater during the spinach and the chinese cabbage cultivation. There were not much changes in the Total-N, Total-P and cations in soils following the ultraviolet treatment of the domestic wastewater. However, the density of total coliform was dramatically reduced from 894MPN/100mL to 5MPN/100mL. The diagnosis of composition of soil after the harvest of chinese cabbages and spinach has shown that the concentration of Na$^+$ was 3-4 times higher in plot using domestic wastewater than in plot using ground water. When domestic wastewater and ground water were used in growing spinach md chinese cabbage at 50% each, the application of chemical fertilizers reduced about 25% to 50% compared to the criteria set down by the Rural Development Administration and there was not significant difference in terms of harvest. Using non-ultraviolet treatment of domestic wastewater directly on spinach and chinese cabbage has resulted in excessive density of total coliform at 25,000MPN/100mL. Even when ultraviolet treatment, the density was still high at 2,000MPN/100mL. The high density of total coliform even following ultraviolet treatment of domestic wastewater is considered to be caused by photo-reactivation of micro-organism. When reusing domestic wastewater, the application of sterilization such as ultraviolet, ultrasonic and electron-beam for public health and hygiene reasons may provide safe supply of agricultural water.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.578-585
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• 2009

In this paper, we present the design of an electromagnetic scanning mirror with torsional springs. The scanning mirror consisting of torsional springs and electromagnetic coils was designed for the applications of laser animation systems. We analyzed and optimized three types of torsional springs, namely, straight beam springs (SBS), classic serpentine springs (CSS), and rotated serpentine springs (RSS). The torsional springs were analyzed in terms of electrical resistance, fabrication error tolerance, and resonance mode separation of each type using analytical formula or numerical analysis. The RSS has advantages over the others as follows: 1) A low resistance of conductors, 2) wide resonance mode separation, 3) strong fabrication error tolerance, 4) a small footprint. The double-layer coils were chosen instead of single-layer coils with respect to electromagnetic forces. It resulted in lower power consumption. The geometry of the scanning mirror was optimized by calculations; RSS turn was 12 and the width of double-layer coil was $100{\mu}m$, respectively. When the static rotational angle is 5 degrees, the power consumption of the mirror plate was calculated to be 9.35 mW since the resistance of the coil part and a current is $122{\Omega}$ and 8.75 mA, respectively. The power consumption of full device including the mirror plate and torsional springs was calculated to be 9.63 mW.