• 농업과학연구
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.305-309
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• 2013

A freesia (Freesia hybrida Hort.) 'Dancing Flame' was developed for the cut flower in the National Institute of Horticultural Herbal Science in 2007. This hybrid was selected from a crossing between a seedling 'Vulcano' and 'Sailor', which is scarlet double flowering and purple single flowering, respectively, and 'Figaro' which is bright red color and semi-double flowering, in 2000. Morphological characteristics of the selected hybrid were investigated for 3 years from 2005 to 2007, and then it was named 'Dancing Flame'. 'Dancing Flame' had red color (RHS R44B) and single flower with yellow center color (RHS Y9A). The growth of the plant was vigorous and the average height was 93.3 cm. The average flower width was 60 mm, number of floret per stalk was 14.3, and stalk was 13.2 cm length. The average yield, 7.8 cuttings per plant, was 2.5 stems per plant more than the control cultivar. The average days to first flowering of 'Dancing Flame', 133 days, was approximately 5 days earlier than the control cultivar. And its average yield, 7.1 cormlet per plant, was also 2.5times more than the control cultivar.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.147-159
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• 2011

A high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometric method was developed to determine simultaneously eight marker constituents of Forsythiae fructus, and subsequently applied it to classify its two botanical origins. The marker compounds of Forsythia suspensa were phillyrin, pinoresinol, phillygenin, lariciresinol and forsythiaside; those of F.viridissima were arctiin, arctigenin and matairesinol. Separation of the eight analytes was achieved on a phenyl-hexyl column (150${\times}$2.0 mm i.d., 3 ${\mu}M$) using gradient elution with the mobile phase: (A) 10% acetonitrile in 0.5% acetic acid, (B) 40% aqueous acetonitrile. A few fragment ions specific to the types of lignans, among the product ions generated by collisonally induced dissociation (CID) of molecular ion clusters, such as [M-H]$^-$ or [M+OAc]$^-$ were used not only for fingerprinting analysis but for the quantification of each epimer by using multiple-reaction monitoring mode. It was shown good linearity ($r^2{\geq}$ 0.9998) over the wide range of all analytes; intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD, %) were within 9.14% and the accuracy ranged from 84.3 to 115.1%. The analytical results of 40 drug samples, combined with multivariate statistical analyses - principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) - clearly demonstrated the classification of the test samples according to their botanical origins. This method would provide a practical strategy for assessing the authenticity or quality of the herbal drug.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1232-1236
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• 2013

The Cu cation binding sites of $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex have been investigated to explain the $[Cu{\cdot}DNA]$ biological activity caused by the Cu association to DNA. The structure of $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex was investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The fragmentation patterns of $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex were analyzed by MS/MS spectra. In the MS/MS spectra of $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex, three fragment ions were observed with the loss of d(CpG), {d(CpG) + Cyt}, and {d(CpG) + Cyt + dR}. The Cu cation binds to d(CpG) mainly by substituting the $H^+$ of phosphate group. Simultaneously, the Cu cation prefers to bind to a guanine base rather than a cytosine base. Five possible geometries were considered in the attempt to optimize the $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex structure. The ab initio calculations were performed at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.34-44
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify post-operative discomfort, sense of loss, family support, and resilience in breast cancer surgery patients, and to investigate factors that affect resilience. Method: The sample of this study consisted of 108 patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer in two university hospitals located in B city. The collected data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: The factors that significantly affected resilience were as follows: having a religion (${\beta}=-.20$, p=.006), having an occupation (${\beta}=.14$, p=.049), having a high school diploma (${\beta}=.31$ p=.001), making less than 2-3 million won (${\beta}=-.19$, p=.036) per month, experiencing a sense of loss (${\beta}=-.22$, p=.003) and family support (${\beta}=.44$, p<.001). The total explanatory power amounted to 53.8% (F=14.83, p<.001, $AdjR^2=.54$). Conclusion: Educational intervention programs for breast cancer surgery patients that improve resilience by reducing the sense of loss and increasing family support must be developed.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.883-898
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Probiotics have been suggested as potent modulators of age-related disorders in immunological functions, yet little is known about sex-dependent effects of probiotic supplements. Therefore, we aimed to investigate sex-dependent effects of probiotics on profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy older adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, healthy elderly individuals ≥ 65 yrs old were administered probiotic capsules (or placebo) for 12 wk. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. Peripheral immune cells were profiled using flow cytometry for lymphocytes (natural killer, B, CD4⁺ T, and CD8⁺ T cells), dendritic cells, monocytes, and their subpopulations. RESULTS: Compared with placebo, phylum Firmicutes was significantly reduced in the probiotic group in women, but not in men. At the genus level, sex-specific responses included reductions in the relative abundances of pro-inflammatory gut microbes, including Catabacter and unclassified_Coriobacteriales, and Burkholderia and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, in men and women, respectively. Peripheral immune cell profiling analysis revealed that in men, probiotics significantly reduced the proportions of dendritic cells and CD14⁺ CD16^- monocytes; however, these effects were not observed in women. In contrast, the proportion of total CD4⁺ T cells was significantly reduced in women in the probiotic group. Additionally, serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels showed a decreasing tendency that were positively associated with changes in gut bacteria, including Catabacter (ρ = 0.678, P < 0.05) and Burkholderia (ρ = 0.673, P < 0.05) in men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that probiotic supplementation may reduce the incidence of inflammation-related diseases by regulating the profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy elders in a sex-specific manner.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise in patients with hemophilia. Methods: We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search was conducted of published randomized controlled trials for exercise interventions from January 1, 2014 to March 15, 2023. To estimate the size of the effects of exercise, a meta-analysis was performed using the R package "meta." Results: Five databases were searched to obtain articles published in Korean or English. Of 1,150 articles reviewed, 13 were included in the systematic review and 9 in the meta-analysis. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2.0. The overall effect sizes of exercise interventions, calculated as the standardized mean difference, were -0.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.41 to -1.20) for pain, -2.13 (95% CI = -3.33 to -0.93) for joint health, 9.96 (95% CI = 7.51 to 12.28) for physical activity, and 0.59 (95% CI = -0.39 to -1.56) for quality of life. Conclusion: These findings suggest that exercise is useful for improving the joint health and physical activity of patients with hemophilia. Thus, it is necessary to develop and apply exercise interventions for patients with hemophilia to reduce their pain and improve their quality of life.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2016

갓(Brassica juncea; 2n = 4x = 36, AABB genome, 1,068Mb)은 U's triangle의 배추와 흑겨자 사이의 복이배체 작물로 구분한다. 본 연구는 갓 15 품종의 ribosomal DNA ITS 영역과 MITE를 이용하여 갓의 유연관계 및 품종구분 분자표지를 확인하였다. Ribosomal DNA ITS 영역은 종 및 품종의 유연관계를 알아보는 연구로 많이 사용되고 있어서, 이를 이용하여 갓 15 품종의 유연관계를 알아보았다. 또한, MITE는 매우 많은 copy 수를 가지고 있고, 유전적으로 안정적이기 때문에 유전체 및 진화 연구에 매우 적합한 재료이다. MITE를 이용한 갓의 품종구분 분자표지를 확인하기 위해 MITE super-families 중 Stowaway(BraSto) 관련 70점, Tourist(BraTo) 관련 79점, hAT(BrahAT) 관련 6점, Mutator(BraMu) 관련 5점으로 품종구분 표지를 알아보았다. 총 160점의 분자표지 중 32점이 갓 15 품종에서 뚜렷한 다형성을 보였다. 특히, 흑갓은 표현형뿐만 아니라 유전자형도 매우 다르게 나타났다. 또한 8점의 MITE 분자표지를 활용하여 47점의 유전자원에서 다형성 및 품종구분 표지로의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다. 이러한 다형성 표지들은 갓의 품종구분 및 품종 보호에 매우 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1226-1231
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• 2009

페닐케톤뇨증은 상염색체 열성으로 유전되며, phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase (PAH, EC 1.14.16.1)의 돌연변이에 의해 효소 불활성화를 초래하는 질환이다. 최근 유전자 재조합된 phenylalanine ammonia-lyse (PAL)에 의한 효소 대체요법이 보고된 바 있다. 이 효소를 경구용 약제로 개발하기 위하여 효소활성을 나타내기 위한 최적 조건들을 알아야 하며, 위장관내 소화효소에 의해 분해되지 않는 구조적 안정성을 유지하여야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 PAL의 생화학적 특성을 규명하고, 이를 바탕으로 위장관내 소화효소로부터 저항할 수 있는 변이형들을 만들고자 하였으며, 이러한 구조적 변화를 통하여 효소의 특이 활성도가 유지될 수 있는지를 보고자 하였다. PAL의 특이 활성도를 측정하였고, 효소 활성을 나타내기 위한 최적 pH, 온도 변화에 따른 효소 활성도, 단백분해효소에 의한 활성도 변화를 측정하였다. PAL의 Vmax는 페닐알라닌과 티로신에 대하여 각각 1.77, $0.47{\mu}mol$/ mg x protein로 나타났으며, Km은 페닐알라닌에 대하여 $4.77{\times}10^{-4}\;M$,티로신에 대하여 $4.37{\times}10^{-4}\;M$로 나타났다. 또한 pH 8.5에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었는데, 이는 소장의 평균 pH와 유사하다. PAL의 효소 활성은 $-80^{\circ}C$에서 5개월 동안 유지되었으며, $4^{\circ}C$에서 1주일 동안 93.4%의 활성을 유지하였다. PAL은 키모트립신에 의해 쉽게 분해되었으며, 이보다 약한 정도로 트립신, elastase, carboxypeptidase A, B에 의해 분해 되었다. 췌장 소화효소에 대한 저항성을 증가시키기 위하여 트립신, 키모트립신 절단부위 아미노산을 변이시켜 유전자 변이형을 만들었고, 효소 활성도를 측정하였다. 6개의 유전자 변이형은 모두 저하된 효소 활성도를 나타내었는데, Y110H는 0.084, Y110A와 Y110L은 0, R123A는 0.11, R123H는 0.074, R123Q는 0.033으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 트립신 및 키모트립신 절단부위 아미노산이 PAL의 효소 활성에 필수적인 역할을 하고 있음을 나타낸다. PAL 변이형은 단백분해작용으로부터 보호할 수 있는 전처치 방법이지만, 페닐알라닌을 효과적으로 저하시키기 위해서 효소활성을 유지할 수 있는 다음 단계의 처치가 필요하다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2011

Job's tears (Coixlachryma-jobi L.) and Chungkukjang (soybean-fermented food) were abundant source of phenolic compounds. In this study, almond cookies were prepared with different concentration(5%, 10%, 15%), of Job's tears Chungkukjang powder. The total phenolic contents were measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, total flavonoids contents were measured, and antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH assay. Antioxidative activity was highly correlated with the total phenolic and total flavonoids contents of Job's tears Chungkukjang almond cookies (r=0.867, r=0.647). In addition, the quality characteristics of the Job's tears Chungkukjang almond cookies were estimated based on the bulk density and pH of the dough, spread factor, color, texture profile analysis, proximate composition, and sensory evaluations. The spread factor, hardness, a value and b value, total polyphenolic contents, and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of cookies significantly increased with increasing content of Job's tears Chungkukjang powder (p<0.01), whereas the L values of the cookies decreased with the increasing Job's tears Chungkukjang powder content (p<0.05). The acceptability scores for the 5-15% Job's tears Chungkukjang almond cookie groups were ranked higher than those of the other groups in appearance, texture, and overall preference. The results of this study were shown that Job's tears Chungkukjang powder was a good ingredient for increasing the consumer acceptability and the functionality of cookies.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2005

본 연구는 춘천지역에 살고 있는 고등학생들의 식품 섭취와 식사의 질을 평가하기 위하여 318명의 조사대상자들에게 24시간 회상법을 이용하여 식이조사를 하였다. 총 식품섭취량 중에서 식물성 식품의 섭취비율은 $71.4\%$이고 나머지는 동물성 식품으로 섭취하였다. 식사의 질은 식품군 섭취유형과 주요식품군 점수(DDS) 및 총 식품점수(DVS)에 의해 평가하였다. 주요식품군 섭취 평가에서 전체 조사대상자 중 DDS가 3인 경우의 비율은 $37.1\%$이고 4일 때는 $48.4\%$로 나타났다. 5가지 주요식품군을 모두 섭취한 경우는 $14.5\%$에 불과하였다. 또한 하루에 섭취하는 평균 식품가짓수는 26.7가지인데 남학생은 27.3가지, 여학생은 25.8가지로 남학생의 비율이 유의하게 높았다. 영양소 적정섭취비와 총 식품점수와의 상관관계에서는 비타민 $B_2$의 0.39에서부터 인의 0.61까지 범위의 상관계수를 보였다. 또한 영양소 적정섭취비도 섭취 식품수나 주요식품군 섭취가 증가함에 따라 유의하게(p<0.001) 증가하였으며, NAR과 DDS의 관계에서보다 NAR과 DVS와의 관계에서 더 높은 양의 상관관계를 보였다. DDS와 DVS를 이용하여 대상자들의 식사의 질을 평가하였을 때 많은 학생들은 바람직한 식품 섭취를 하지 못했음을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 영양적으로 균형있는 식사를 하기 위해서는 주요식품군을 모두 섭취하고 섭취식품 가짓수가 많은 식생활을 하도록 학생과 학부모를 대상으로 바람직한 식생활을 위한 영양교육 및 식사지침 제시가 절실히 필요할 것으로 생각된다..0종으로 감소되었다. 우점잡초의 변동은 무비구에서 명아주, 바랭이, 여뀌순위였고, 지렁이분 150kg\10a 시비구에서는 쇠비름, 바랭이, 여뀌 순위로, 450kg/10a 시비에서는 여뀌, 새포아풀, 바랭이 순위로, 600kg/10a 시비구에서는 여뀌, 바랭이, 쇠비름 순위였다. 이상의 시험결과를 보아 제주지역에서 Creeping bentgrass의 점유율과 밀도를 최대로 증대시킬 수 있는 지렁이분 적정시비량은 10a당 $450\~600kg$으로 추정할 수 있다.든 영역의 실생활 활용도가 낮게 나타났다.용이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.100kg/ha와 화학비료 100kg/ha 혼합하거나 톱밥발효돈분만 N 400kg/ha 까지가 적정 수준이다.EX>$b^{\ast}(\pm,\;yellowness/blueness)$ 값은 반응기질보다 유의적으로 가장 높은 55.1을 나타내었다(p<0.05).준에서 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 허리와 엉덩이 둘레는 남자는 $86.3\pm19.9cm$와 $90.0\pm90.8cm$, 여자는 $84.2\pm12.4cm$와 $96.8\pm6.72cm$로 남녀간에 유의한 차이는 없었으나 WHR이 여자의 경우 0.8이상이 되어서 심혈관계 질환의 위험 범위에 속하는 수준이었다. 삼두근의 두겹 두께는 남녀 각각 $20.2\pm8.58cm,\;22.2\pm4.40mm$으로 남녀간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 조사대상자의 식습관 상태는 전체 대상자의 $84.4\%$가 대부분이 하루 세끼 식사를 규칙적으로 하고 있었으며 식사속도는