• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1302-1307
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• 2005

In this study, we investigated the anticarcinogenic and antioxidative activities of Rhodiola sachalinensis (RS). Hexane (RSMH), ethylether (RSMEE), ethylacetate (RSMEA), butanol (RSMB), aqueous (RSMA) fractions and methanol extract (RSM) were screened for their growth inhibition effects using 3- (4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on HepG2, HeLa, MCF-7 and HT-29 cells. The anticarcinogenic effects of RSMEE was most significant when tested on MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines at the concentration of $500{\mu}g/mL$ which resulted about $84\%\;and\;90\%$ on MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, respectively. The quinone reductase (QR)-inducing activity of RSMH on HepG2 cells was 3.5 times higher compared with the control at the concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$. Antioxidative activities of RSM, RSMEE, RSMEA and RSMB showed about $80\%$ of electron donating activity (EDA) which were very similar to that of vitamin C as a control. We observed morphological changes of shrinking and the blebbing of HepG2 cancer cell membranes depending on the concentration of RSMEE.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.183-190
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to isolate a herbicidally active compound from curly dock (Rumex crispus), a native weed in Korea and to identify its' chemistry. The $GR_{50}$ value of methanol extracts which is determined by a seed bioassay using rapeseed (Brassica napus) seedlings was $935\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$. Activity-directed isolation of ethylacetate extract led to the isolation of ECDA fraction with $GR_{50}$ value $53\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$. Based on data of GC-MS, $^1H$-NMR and $^{13}C$-NMR, the chemical structure of ECDA was determined as 2H-furo[2,3-H]-[1]-benzopyran-2-one which is known as angelicin. The $GR_{50}$ values of angelicin to barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), southern crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris), and indian jointvetch (Aeschynomene indica) were 426, 66 and $216\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$, respectively. Our results suggest that angelicin could be used as a lead compound for the development of new herbicides.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.574-581
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• 2016

Glasswort (Salicornia herbacea L.) is an edible halophyte that grows in salt marshes. In the present study, anti- and pro-oxidant activities and cytotoxic properties of glasswort were investigated. Solvent fractions, including fractions of hexane, ethylether (Fr.E), ethylacetate (Fr.EA), butanol and water, were prepared from a 70% methanol extract of glasswort aerial parts. Fr.EA contained the highest levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids, showing the strongest scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals, and nitrite. In addition Fr.EA showed the most potent cytotoxic effects on HCT-116 colon cancer cells and INT-407 normal intestinal cells, followed by Fr.E. Most fractions also decreased the level of reactive oxygen species in the treated cells, but generated $H_2O_2$ in the medium. The cytotoxic activity of Fr.EA was more pronounced in the presence of ascorbic acid or N-acetylcysteine. These results indicate that the fractions from aerial parts of glasswort exhibit both anti- and pro-oxidant activities, and these activities modulate cytotoxic properties.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.582-588
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• 1993

In order to investigate the effects of food materials toward the growth of Bifidobacterium spp. and Clostridium perfringens which have great influences on the intestinal physiology of human, 162 kinds of foodstuffs and foods were collected. Among their extracts, 31 samples showed the inhibitory effects against the growth of B. bifidum and C. perfringens by agar diffusion method. Especially, the methanol extracts of Caltha palustris, Deonjang, onion, mustard and potato inhibited the growth of C. perfringens, while they did not remarkably inhibit other intestinal bacteria including Bifidobacterium spp. By the cultivation of faecal inoculum in the 1 %(v/v) extract broths of Caltha palustris, onion and mustard, population of Bifidobacterium spp. increased by 10 order and that of C. perfringens decreased. ${\beta}$-glucuronidase activities and indole amounts in the cultures of onion and mustard extracts were lower than those of the control culture and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ activities were not detected in the cultures of onion and Doenjang extracts.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.317-326
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• 2009

This study has shown the screening of anti-bacterial activity of three Indian medicinal plant choloroform : methanol (50:50) solvent leaf extracts (i.e. Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum, and Curcuma longa) with different concentrations (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, 0.312, and 0.156 mg/ml) under in vitro conditions against fish pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus iniae, Vibrio harveyi, V. anguillarum, and Edwardsiella tarda isolated from olive flounder farms, Jeju Island, South Korea. The anti-microbial activity of the A. indica and O. sanctum extracts yielded the zones of growth inhibition (ZI) was 3 and 1mm against A. hydrophila at concentration of 0.156 mg/ml when compared to that of tetracycline standard (3 mm). At highest concentration (10 mg/ml) of A. indica, O. sanctum, and C. longa, high inhibition was 9, 7, and 6 mm when compared to that of tetracycline (11 mm) against A. hydrophila. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A. indica, O. sanctum, and C. longa at 0.156 mg/ml that yield 9, 10, and 13 CFU/ml for A. hydrophila, 16, 22, and 25 CFU/ml for S. iniae and 18, 22, and 23 CFU/ml for E. tarda compared to the tetracycline. At highest concentration (10 mg/ml) of the three extracts was better inhibiting the growth of A. hydrophila, S. iniae and E. tarda. A. indica, O. sanctum, and C. longa were determined to the potential antioxidant activityon the basis of their scavenging activity of the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. A. indica extract was 0.625 mg/ml which indicated that the strong anti-oxidant activity. However, O. sanctum and C. longa extracts showed weak anti-oxidant activity at this concentration. Hence, in vitro assay among the pathogens, A. hydropila is better inhibitory activity of the extracts. It is evident that the Indian medicinal plants extracts were subjected to its effectiveness against A. hydrophila, S. iniae, and E.tarda at low concentrations. The obtained results in the present study suggested that the Indian plant extracts is a prevention tools for Korean olive flounder aquaculture pathogens and its need further advance investigation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 2004

The study was conducted to develop new materials of functional foods from natural resources. Fortyeight medicinal plants were screened on inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a protein elevating blood pressure. The water extracts of Armoracia aerial part, Cynanchum radix, Euonymus branch, Phyllostachys stem, Trichosanthes seed, and methanol extract of Silybum aerial part were showed strong inhibitory activity (above 70%) on ACE at the final concentration of $4,000\;{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$. Among the plant extracts, water extracts of Phyllostachys taeniam and Trichosanthes seed were especially showed strong inhibitory activity (above 25%) at $500\;{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$. These two plants are expected good candidate for development into anti-hypertensive materials.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2009

The aerial parts of garland (Chrysanthemum coronarium L.) were extracted in 80% aqueous methanol (MeOH) and the concentrated extract was then partitioned using ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and $H_2O$, successively. EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions resulted in 4 glycerides with the application of octadecyl silica gel and silica gel column chromatography. The chemical structures of the glycerides were determined using several spectroscopic methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) as (2S)-1-O-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol (1), (2S)-1-O-oleoyl-2-O-oleoyl- 3-O-$\beta$-D-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (2), (2S)-1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-linoleoyl-3-O-phosphorouscholine-sn-glycerol (3), and (2S)-1-O-linolenoyl-2-O-palmitoyl-3-O-[$\alpha$-D-galactopyrasyl-($1{\rightarrow}6$)-$\beta$-D-galactopyranosyl]-sn-glycerol (4). The free fatty acids of these glycerides were determined with gas chromatography (GC)-MS analysis following alkaline hydrolysis and methylation. These glycerides demonstrated an inhibitory effect on acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT, compound 1: $45.6{\pm}0.2%$ at $100{\mu}g/mL$), diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT, compound 1: $59.1{\pm}0.1%$ at $25{\mu}g/mL$), farnesyl protein transferase (FPTase, compound 2: $98.0{\pm}0.1%$; compound 3: $55.2{\pm}0.1%$ at $100{\mu}g/mL$), and $\beta$-secretase ($IC_{50}$, compound 4: $2.6{\mu}g/mL$) activity. This paper is the first report on the isolation of these glycerides from garland and their inhibitory activity on ACAT, DGAT, FPTase, and $\beta$-secretase.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.532-537
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• 2014

Cortex Phellodendri (CP) is derived from the dried bark of Phellodendron amurense. It has been widely used as a drug in traditional Korea medicine for treating diarrhea, jaundice, swelling pains in the knees and feet, urinary tract infections, and infections of the body surface. Many analytical methods have been used to study oriental herbal medicines, such as thin-layer chromatography, column liquid chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In this study, preparative centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) was successfully carried out in order to separate pure compounds from a CP methanol extract. The optimum two-phase CPC solvent system was composed of n-butanol: acetic acid: water (4:1:5 v/v/v). The flow rate of the mobile phase was 3 mL/min in ascending mode with rotation at 1,000 rpm. The CPC-separated fraction and purification procedures were carried out by preparatory HPLC. The $^1H$ NMR spectrum revealed that the resonances at ${\delta}$ 4.10 and 4.20 ppm corresponded to three protons ($-OCH_3$), whereas those at ${\delta}$ 6.10 ppm corresponded to two protons ($-OCH_2O-$). Further, two aromatic protons (H-11 and H-12) conveys a doublet-doublet pattern. The H-11 doublet and H-12 doublet appear at ${\delta}$ 7.98 and 8.11, respectively. The $^{13}C$ NMR. spectrum showed a tetrasubstituted with a methylenedioxy group at C2 and C3, and two methoxy groups at C9 and C10. The chemical structure of the berberine was identified by $^1H$, $^{13}C$-nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy spectral data analysis.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.1052-1059
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• 2011

The contents of bioactive and antioxidative activities (DPPH (${\alpha},{\alpha}'$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl), free radical scavenging activity, peroxidation of linoleic acid and rat hepatocyte microsome, and Fe/Cu reducing power, tyrosinase inhibition activity) were tested by in vitro experimental models using water, hot water, ethanol and methanol extracts of leaves (ASL), roots (ASR), stems (ASS) and fruits (ASF) from Acanthopanax senticosus. Hot water extract from ASL showed the highest extraction yield (16.04%) as well as highest contents of phenolic compounds (2.67%) and flavonoids (1.43%). Major minerals were K, Ca and Mg. In oxidation in vitro models using DPPH free radical scavenging activity, Fe/Cu reducing power, $Fe^{2+}$/ascorbate-induced linoleic acid peroxidation by ferric thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods, tyrosinase inhibition activity and autooxidation of rat hepatic microsomes membrane, and antioxidative activities were strong in Acanthopanax senticosus. From these results, ASL extracts were shown to have the most potent antioxidative properties and contain the highest amounts of antioxidative compounds such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. These results may provide the basic data to understand the biological activities of bio-active materials derived from leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.124-128
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• 1995

The present study was conducted to elucidate nitrite scavenger derived from seeds of Cassia tora L. Methanolic extract of Cassia tora L was refractionated into ethyl ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water farction, and nitrite scavenging abilities of these fractions were investigated. Among these fractions, ethyl acetate fraction had the strongest nitrite scavenging ability(97%/2 mg). Therefore, to further investigate nitrite scavenger, ethyl acetate fraction was fractionated by silica gel column chromatography with a chloroform-methanol($10:0{\sim}0:10$) and then compound A and B were isolated. Compound A had a stronger nitrite-scavenging effect than compound B. Therefore the further separation of compound A was carried out by HPLC(32% acetonitrile. 1 ml/min) using ${\mu}Bondapak$C18 column$(3.9{\times}300 mm)$ and finally compound A-1 was obtained from compound A. Compound A-1 had by far nitrite-scavenging ability as compared with that of ascorbic acid. Compound A-1 was identified as $nor-rubrofusarin-6-{\beta}-mono-D-glucoside$ from the profiles of UV, IR and $^1H-NMR$.